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Osred I of Northumbria

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King of Northumbria

Osred I
King of Northumbria
Reign	705–716
Predecessor	Eadwulf I of Northumbria
Successor	Coenred

Born	c. 697
Died	716 (aged 18–19)
Father	Aldfrith of Northumbria
Mother	Cuthburh

Osred I (c. 697 – 716) was king of Northumbria, his reign lasting for at least since February or March 705 AD till his death in 716 AD (the age of 19), he was the son of KingAldfrith of Northumbria. Aldfrith's only known wife wasCuthburh, but it is not known for certain whether Osred was her son. Osred did not directly succeed his father (because of his young age), asEadwulf I seized the throne, but held it for only a few months.

At the time that the usurper Eadwulf was overthrown, Osred was only a child, and the government was controlled by the powerful BishopWilfrid, presumably assisted byealdormen such asBerhtfrith son of Berhtred. Osred was adopted as Wilfrid's son at this time. Wilfrid's death in 709 appears to have caused no instability at the time, which, together with the rapid rise and more rapid fall of Eadwulf, speaks to a degree of stability and continuity in early 8th century Northumbria which would not long outlast Osred's reign.

In 711 ealdorman Berhtfrith inflicted a crushing defeat on thePicts, in the area around the upperForth, but the reign of Osred is otherwise unremarkable politically. Domestically, a variety ofecclesiastical sources portray Osred as a dissolute anddebauched young man, and a seducer of nuns. WhileBede positively referred to Osred as a newJosiah, Aethelwulf's early ninth-century poemDe Abbatibus describes Osred as energetic in deeds and words, mighty in arms and bold in his own strength. Æthelwulf also refers to Osred as rash, foolish, and unable to control his desires (ll. 35–51) and also as a tyrant who forced many political enemies into monastic communities (ll. 49-51 and 65).

Osred reached his majority in 715 or 716, and within a very short period he was killed. The manner of his death is unclear. TheAnglo-Saxon Chronicle states that he was killed "south of the border". David Rollason and N.J. Higham presume that the border in question is the southern Pictish border, and that thePicts slew Osred.

References

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Higham, N.J.,The Kingdom of Northumbria AD 350–1100. Stroud: Sutton, 1993.ISBN 978-0-86299-730-4
Rollason, David (2004)."Osred I (696x8–716)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20903. Retrieved2007-08-20. (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.)
Campbell, Alistair.De abbatibus. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967.

External links

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Osred 1 atProsopography of Anglo-Saxon England

Preceded by

Eadwulf

King of Northumbria

Succeeded by

Coenred

v t e Monarchs of Northumbria
Kings ofBernicia 547–670	Ida Glappa Adda Æthelric Theodric Frithuwald Hussa Æthelfrith Edwin Eanfrith Oswald Oswiu
Kings ofDeira 560–679	Ælla Æthelric Æthelfrith Edwin Osric Oswald Oswiu Oswine Œthelwald Alhfrith Ælfwine
Kings ofNorthumbria 642–867	Oswiu Ecgfrith Ealdfrith Eadwulf I Osred I Coenred Osric Ceolwulf Eadberht Oswulf Æthelwald Moll Ealhred Æthelred I Ælfwald I Osred II Osbald Eardwulf Ælfwald II Eanred Æthelred II Redwulf Osberht Ælla
Kings ofViking Northumbria 867–954	Ecgberht Ricsige Halfdan I Guthfrith I Siefredus Cnut Æthelwold Airdeconut Eowils Halfdan II Ingwær Ragnall I Sitric I Caech Guthfrith II Olaf I Guthfrithson Sitric II Olaf II Cuaran Ragnall II Guthfrithson Eric Bloodaxe

Rulers ofmedieval England

Territories/dates^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]	Northumbria		Mercia	Wessex	Sussex	Kent	Essex	East Anglia
450–600	Sub-Roman Britain
450–600	Kingdom of Bernicia Esa EoppaIda Glappa Adda Æthelric Theodric Frithuwald Hussa	Kingdom of Deira Ælla Æthelric	Kingdom of Mercia Icel Cnebba CynewaldCreoda Pybba Cearl Penda Eowa Peada	Kingdom of theGewisse Cerdic Cynric Ceawlin Ceol Ceolwulf Cynegils Cwichelm Cenwalh	Kingdom of the South Saxons Ælle Cissa Æthelwealh	Kingdom of the Kentish Hengest Horsa OiscOcta Eormenric Æðelberht I Eadbald Eorcenberht Eormenred Ecgberht I Hlothhere	Kingdom of the East Saxons Æscwine Sledd Sæberht Sexred Sæward Sigeberht the Little Sigeberht the Good Swithhelm Sighere Sæbbi Sigeheard Swæfred Offa Saelred Swæfberht Swithred Sigeric Sigered	Kingdom of the East Angles Wehha Wuffa Tytila Rædwald Eorpwald Ricberht Sigeberht Ecgric Anna Æthelhere Æthelwold Ealdwulf Ælfwald Beonna Alberht Æthelred I Æthelberht II
600–616	Æthelfrith
616–632	Edwin
632–634	Eanfrith	Osric
633–644	Oswald Oswiu
645–648	Oswiu	Oswine		Penda
648–651		Oswine		Cenwalh SeaxburhCenfus of WessexÆscwineCentwine Kingdom of the West Saxons Cædwalla Ine Æthelheard Cuthred Sigeberht Cynewulf Beorhtric Ecgberht
651–654		Œthelwald
655–658	Kingdom of Northumbria Oswiu Ecgfrith Aldfrith Eadwulf I Osred I Coenred Osric Ceolwulf Eadberht Oswulf Æthelwald Moll Alhred Æthelred I Ælfwald I Osred II Æthelred I Osbald Eardwulf Ælfwald II Eardwulf Eanred Æthelred II Rædwulf Æthelred II Osberht Ælla Osberht		Oswiu
658–685			Wulfhere Æthelred I Cœnred CeolredCeolwaldÆthelbald Beornred Offa Ecgfrith Coenwulf Kenelm Ceolwulf I Beornwulf Ludeca Wiglaf
685–686					Eadric
686–771					Ecgwald Berthun Andhun Nothhelm Watt Bryni Osric Æthelstan Æthelbert	Mul Swæfheard Swæfberht Oswine Wihtred Alric Eadbert I Æðelbert II Eardwulf Eadberht II Sigered Eanmund Heabert Ecgbert II Ealhmund
771–785					Offa
785–794					Offa
794–796					Offa			Offa
796–800					Eadberht III Præn Cuthred			Eadwald
800–807					Eadberht III Præn Cuthred			Coenwulf Ceolwulf I Beornwulf
807–823					Coenwulf Ceolwulf I Beornwulf
823–825				Ecgberht
825–826							Ecgberht
826–829							Ecgberht	Æthelstan Æthelweard Edmund Oswald Æthelred II Guthrum Eohric Æthelwold Guthrum II
829–830			Ecgberht				Sigeric II
830–837			Wiglaf Wigmund Wigstan Ælfflæd Beorhtwulf Burgred Ceolwulf II Æthelred Æthelflæd Ælfwynn				Sigeric II
837–839				Ecgberht Æthelwulf Æthelbald Æthelberht Æthelred I Alfred the Great
867–872	Northern Northumbria Ecgberht I	Southern Northumbria Military conquest by theGreat Heathen Army
872–875	Ricsige
875–886	Ecgberht Eadwulf II	Halfdan Ragnarsson Guthred Siefredus Cnut Æthelwold Eowils and Halfdan
886–910	Ecgberht Eadwulf II			Kingdom of England Alfred the Great Edward the Elder
910–918	Eadwulf II Ealdred I			Kingdom of England Alfred the Great Edward the Elder
918–927	Ealdred I Adulf mcEtulfe	Ragnall ua Ímair Sitric Cáech Gofraid ua Ímair	Edward the Elder Æthelstan
927–934	Ealdred I Adulf mcEtulfe	Æthelstan
934–939	Æthelstan
939–944	Olaf Guthfrithson Amlaíb Cuarán Sitric II Ragnall Guthfrithson		Edmund I
944–946	Edmund I
947–954	Osulf I	Eric Bloodaxe Amlaíb Cuarán Eric Bloodaxe	Eadred
955–1013	Eadwig Edgar Edward the Martyr Æthelred the Unready
1013–1014	House of Knýtlinga Sweyn Forkbeard
1014–1016	House of Wessex Æthelred the Unready Edmund Ironside
1016–1042	House of Knýtlinga Cnut Harold Harefoot Harthacnut
1042–1066	House of Wessex Edward the Confessor
1066	House of Godwin Harold Godwinson
1066–1135	House of Normandy William I William II Henry I
1135–1154	House of Blois Stephen
1154–1399	House of Plantagenet Henry II Richard I John Henry III Edward I Edward II Edward III Richard II
1399–1461	House of Lancaster Henry IV Henry V Henry VI
1461–1470	House of York Edward IV
1470–1471	House of Lancaster Henry VI
1471–1485	House of York Edward IV Edward V Richard III
1485–1603	Tudor period
Rulers of medieval Wales
^Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional ^Mackenzie, E; Ross, M (1834).An Historical, Topographical, and Descriptive View of the County Palatine of Durham. Vol. I. Newcastle upon Tyne: Mackenzie and Dent. p. xi. Retrieved2012-02-28. ^Downham, Clare (2007),Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014, Edinburgh: Dunedin,ISBN 978-1-903765-89-0,OCLC 163618313 ^Woolf, Alex (2007),From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070, The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press,ISBN 978-0-7486-1234-5,OCLC 123113911 ^Zaluckyj, Sarah & Feryok, Marge.Mercia: The Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Central England (2001)ISBN 1-873827-62-8 ^Barbara Yorke (1995),Wessex in the early Middle Ages, A & C Black,ISBN 071851856X; pp79-83; table p.81 ^Kelly, S. E. (2004)."Kings of the South Saxons (act. 477–772)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/52344. Retrieved2017-02-03. (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^Keynes, Simon (2014). "Appendix I: Rulers of the English, c.450–1066". InLapidge, Michael (ed.).The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7. ^Kirby, D. P.The Earliest English Kings. London and New York: Routledge.ISBN 978-0-4152-4211-0. ^Lapidge, M.; et al., eds. (1999)."Kings of the East Angles".The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. London: Blackwell.ISBN 978-0-6312-2492-1. ^Searle, W. G. 1899.Anglo-Saxon Bishops, Kings and Nobles. ^Yorke, B. 1990.Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England. ^Carpenter, Clive.Kings, Rulers and Statesmen. Guinness Superlatives, Ltd. ^Ross, Martha.Rulers and Governments of the World, Vol. 1.Earliest Times to 1491. ^Ashley, Michael (1998).British Monarchs: the Complete Genealogy, Gazetteer, and Biographical Encyclopedia of the Kings & Queens of Britain. London: Robinson.ISBN 978-1-8548-7504-4.

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