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TheOrthodox Tewahedo biblical canon is a version of theChristianBible used in the twoOriental Orthodox Churches of the Ethiopian and Eritrean traditions: theEthiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and theEritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. At 81 books, it is the largest and most diversebiblical canon in traditionalChristendom.
Western scholars have classified the books of the canon into two categories — the narrower canon, which consists mostly of books familiar to theWest, and the broader canon, which includes nine additional books.
It is not known to exist at this time as one published compilation. Some books, though considered canonical, are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in the churches' home countries ofEthiopia andEritrea.[1][2]
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The Orthodox Tewahedo narrowerOld Testament canon contains the entire establishedHebrew protocanon. Moreover, with the exception of the first two books ofMaccabees, the Orthodox Tewahedo canon also contains the entireCatholicdeuterocanon. In addition to this, the Orthodox Tewahedo Old Testament includes thePrayer of Manasseh,3 Ezra, and4 Ezra, which also appear in the canons of otherChristian traditions. Unique to the Orthodox Tewahedo canon are theParalipomena of Jeremiah (4 Baruch),Jubilees,Enoch, and the three books ofMeqabyan.
The books ofLamentations,Jeremiah, andBaruch, as well as theLetter of Jeremiah and 4 Baruch, are all considered canonical by the Orthodox Tewahedo churches. Additionally, the 1st, 2nd and 3rdBooks of Ethiopian Maccabees are also part of the canon; while they share a common name they are completely different from thebooks of Maccabees that are known or have been canonized in other traditions. Finally, within the Orthodox Tewahedo tradition, 3 Ezra is called Second Ezra, 4 Ezra is called EzraSutu'el, and the Prayer of Manasseh is incorporated into the SecondBook of Chronicles.
The Orthodox Tewahedo narrowerNew Testament canon consists of the entire 27 bookChristian protocanon, which is almost universally accepted across Christendom.[1]
The broader canon adds to the 81 books of the Tewahedo bible the following:[3]
TheEthiopic Didascalia, orDidesqelya, is a book of Church order in 43 chapters, distinct from theDidascalia Apostolorum, but similar to books I–VII of theApostolic Constitutions, where it most likely originates. Ethiopic Clement should not be confused with1 Clement or2 Clement.[2]
The broader canon seems to have been created by Ethiopian scholars commenting on theFetha Negest law code, which says that the canon contains 81 books, but only lists 73. The additional eight books were those presumed to be missing from the list.[3]
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List of Old Testament books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible:[4]
List of New Testament books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible.
List of Church Order books that are part of the broader canon:[1]
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| Preceded by | Bible Books of the Bible | End |
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