Orkney and Shetland (Scottish Gaelic :Arcaibh agus Sealtainn ) is aconstituency of theHouse of Commons of theParliament of the United Kingdom . It elects oneMember of Parliament (MP) by thefirst past the post system of election and has been represented byAlistair Carmichael of theScottish Liberal Democrats since 2001. In theScottish Parliament ,Orkney andShetland are separate constituencies.The constituency was historically known asOrkney and Zetland (an alternative name for Shetland).
In the2014 Scottish independence referendum , 65.4% of the constituency's electors voted for Scotland to stay part of the United Kingdom.[ 2]
The British parliamentary constituency was created in 1708 following theActs of Union, 1707 and replaced the formerParliament of Scotland shire constituency ofOrkney & Zetland .
The constituency is made up of the two northernmost island groups ofScotland ,Orkney andShetland . A constituency of this name has existed continuously since 1708. However, before 1918 the town ofKirkwall (the capital of Orkney) formed part of theNorthern Burghs constituency. It is the most northerly of the 650 UK Parliament constituencies.
The constituency is one of five "protected constituencies", the others beingNa h-Eileanan an Iar , two on theIsle of Wight , andYnys Môn , defined exclusively by geography rather than by size of electorate.[ 3] The constituency contains the areas of theOrkney Islands Council and theShetland Islands Council . Before 2011 the constituency had been unique in having its boundaries protected by legislation.[ 4]
The constituency has the second smallest electorate of any UK parliamentary constituency, afterNa h-Eileanan an Iar .[ 5]
The constituency has elected oneMember of Parliament (MP) by thefirst past the post since its creation in 1707.[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9] [ 10]
Although called Orkney and Shetland, prior to theScottish Reform Act 1832 there were no eligible voters from Shetland. This was due to the land tenure and valuation structures used in Shetland, which meant no-one could show that they met the property qualification to be eligible to vote. This was a source of resentment in Shetland; its residents made several attempts to argue that some different form of valuation should be acceptable to show eligibility, but they were unsuccessful until the wider reforms of 1832.[ 11]
The constituency has remained largely unchanged since its creation. The town ofKirkwall was added in 1918, having previously been part ofWick Burghs .
Members of Parliament [ edit ] The constituency has elected only Liberal and Liberal Democrat MPs since 1950; the longest run of any British parliamentary constituency.[ 12] [ 13] At each general election from1955 until1979 , in1987 ,2010 and again in2017 it was thesafest Liberal Democrat seat in the UK. At the2015 general election , it was the only seat in Scotland to return a Liberal Democrat MP.
Orkney & Shetland election results Elections in the 2020s [ edit ] Elections in the 2010s [ edit ] Elections in the 2000s [ edit ] Elections in the 1990s [ edit ] Elections in the 1980s [ edit ] Elections in the 1970s [ edit ] Elections in the 1960s [ edit ] Elections in the 1950s [ edit ] Elections in the 1940s [ edit ] Elections in the 1930s [ edit ] General election 1939–40 :Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;
Elections in the 1920s [ edit ] Hamilton Elections in the 1910s [ edit ] Cathcart Wason Elections in the 1900s [ edit ] McKinnon Wood Cathcart Wason Elections in the 1890s [ edit ] Lyell Elections in the 1880s [ edit ] Elections in the 1870s [ edit ] Elections in the 1860s [ edit ] Elections in the 1850s [ edit ] Elections in the 1840s [ edit ] Elections in the 1830s [ edit ] ^ "2023 review final recs news release" (PDF) . Boundary Commission for Scotland.^ "Scottish referendum: North east and Northern Isles vote "No" " .BBC News . 19 September 2014.^ "Ynys Môn constituency 'protected' from cut in number of MPS" .BBC News . 30 June 2020.^ Rule 3A of theBoundary Commission rules stated "A constituency which includes the Orkney Islands or the Shetland Islands shall not include the whole or any part of a local government area other than the Orkney Islands and the Shetland Islands."Boundary Commission Rules Archived 2014-09-24 at theWayback Machine This rule was added in theParliamentary Constituencies Act 1986 and retained in theScotland Act 1998 , which established the Scottish Parliament. ^ Office for National Statistics (24 February 2016)."Parliamentary Electors by Parliamentary Constituencies 2010–2015" . Retrieved17 February 2017 .^ "Orkney and Shetland" . History of Parliament Online (1690-1715). Retrieved9 June 2019 .^ "Orkney and Shetland" . History of Parliament Online (1715-1754). Archived fromthe original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved9 June 2019 .^ "Orkney and Shetland" . History of Parliament Online (1754–1790). Retrieved9 June 2019 .^ "Orkney and Shetland" . History of Parliament Online (1790–1820). Archived fromthe original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved9 June 2019 .^ "Orkney and Shetland" . History of Parliament Online (1820–1832). Archived fromthe original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved9 June 2019 .^ Orcadensis to William Corbett MP on the Political Grievances of Orkney and Shetland . Edinburgh: John Hamilton. 1833. pp. 3– 5. Retrieved7 October 2024 .^ "Candidates and Constituency Assessments" . alba.org.uk - "The almanac of Scottish elections and politics". Retrieved 9 February 2010.^ "The Untouchable Orkney & Shetland Isles " Archived 2 June 2013 at theWayback Machine (1 October 2009) www.snptacticalvoting.com Retrieved 9 February 2010.^a b c d e f g h Smith, Henry Stooks (1842).The Register of Parliamentary Contested Elections (Second ed.). Simpkin, Marshall & Company. pp. 207– 208. Retrieved14 September 2018 – viaGoogle Books . ^ Churton, Edward (1838).The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1838 . p. 77. Retrieved14 September 2018 – viaGoogle Books .^ "Orkney" .Fife Herald . 3 August 1837. pp. 1– 2. Retrieved14 September 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "UK Parliamentary Election - 4 July 2024 Orkney and Shetland Constituency" (PDF) .Orkney Islands Council . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on 8 July 2024. Retrieved8 July 2024 .^ "Orkney and Shetland results" .BBC News . 5 July 2024.^ "Candidates announced for Orkney and Shetland constituency - 14 November" .Orkney Islands Council . Retrieved14 November 2019 .^ "Orkney & Shetland parliamentary constituency - Election 2019" . Retrieved15 December 2019 .^ "shetnews: Barton for Labour" .Shetland News . shetnews. 27 April 2017. Retrieved29 April 2017 .^ "shetnews: Hill to Stand for Parliament" .Shetland News . shetnews. 2 May 2017. Retrieved7 May 2017 .^ "Election Data 2015" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved17 October 2015 .^ "Archived copy" (PDF) . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved27 August 2015 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link )^ "Alistair Carmichael reselected for Orkney and Shetland" .Liberal Democrat Voice . Archived fromthe original on 7 July 2015. Retrieved16 December 2014 .^ "Conservative candidate named" .The Shetland Times . 16 March 2015.^ "UKIP to field Robert Smith again" .Shetland News . 4 March 2015.^ "Election Data 2010" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved17 October 2015 .^ "Press Association Elections" .pressassociation.com . Archived fromthe original on 4 May 2010. Retrieved23 April 2010 .^ "BBC News — Election 2010 - Constituency - Orkney & Shetland" .bbc.co.uk .^ "Election Data 2005" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^ "Election Data 2001" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^ "Election Data 1997" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^ "Politics Resources" .Election 1997 . Politics Resources. 1 May 1997. Archived fromthe original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved25 December 2010 .^ C. Rallings & M. Thrasher, The Media Guide to the New Parliamentary Constituencies, p.130 (Plymouth: LGC Elections Centre, 1995) ^ "Election Data 1992" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^ "Politics Resources" .Election 1992 . Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived fromthe original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved6 December 2010 .^ "Election Data 1987" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^ "Election Data 1983" .Electoral Calculus . Archived fromthe original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved18 October 2015 .^a b c d e f g Craig, FWS, ed. (1974).British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918 . London: Macmillan Press.ISBN 9781349022984 . ^ "Orkney and Shetland Election" .Hampshire Advertiser . 28 July 1886. p. 4. Retrieved6 December 2017 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Every Man's Duty" .The Shetland Times . 5 December 1885. p. 2. Retrieved6 December 2017 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^a b c d e f g h i j k l m Craig, F. W. S. , ed. (1977).British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press.ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3 .^ "Candidate" .The Shetland Times . 24 April 1880. p. 3. Retrieved6 December 2017 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Orkney and Shetland Election" .The Shetland Times . 16 December 1872. p. 4. Retrieved14 January 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "The County Contest" .Orkney Herald . 10 November 1868. p. 2. Retrieved14 March 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Orkney and Shetland" .London Evening Standard . 12 November 1868. pp. 4– 5. Retrieved14 March 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Orkney and Shetland Election" .John o'Groat Journal . 23 July 1852. pp. 1– 2. Retrieved14 September 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^ "Orkney and Zetland Election" .Fife Herald . 24 January 1833. p. 1. Retrieved8 May 2020 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive .^a b Fisher, David R."Orkney and Shetland" .The History of Parliament . Retrieved8 May 2020 .
Current constituencies (2024)
59°46′30″N 1°48′11″W / 59.775°N 1.803°W /59.775; -1.803