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Orders of magnitude (volume)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromOrders of magnitude (one cubic millimetre to one cubic metre))
Comparison of a wide range of volumes

The table lists various objects andunits by theorder of magnitude of theirvolume.

Chain structures in meteorite fragmentALH84001
Electron micrograph of icosahedraladenovirus
A scanning electron microscope image of normal circulating human blood showing red blood cells, several knobbly white blood cells including lymphocytes, a monocyte, a neutrophil and many small disc-shaped platelets
California poppy seeds
Mustard seeds
Peas in pods
Measuring spoons of 1 tablespoon and 1,12 and14 teaspoon
Copper measuring jugs of 1 and12 gill
375 mL stubbie of beer
A12-peck apple bag
A standard 200-litre
(55 US or 44 imp gal) drum
A cubic metre of concrete
A TEU container
An Olympic swimming pool
LZ 129 Hindenburg
Great Pyramid of Giza
The Three Gorges Dam
Sydney Harbour
Solar System bodies with Earth volume or less
The Cat's Eye Nebula on left (about3×1046 m3) and the dark cloud Barnard 68 at top (about6×1046 m3) are of comparable volumes; the Stingray Nebula between them is smaller with a similar volume as the small yellow light-month radius sphere, about2×1045 m3.
The Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) at left with about 520 cubic light years (4.4×1050 m3) dwarfs the Dumbbell Nebula's 12 cubic light years (1×1049 m3) (very approximate figures)
The globular clusterMessier 5 at upper left with about 2 million cubic light years (1.7×1054 m3) dwarfs the much smaller Bubble Nebula at lower right.

Sub-microscopic

[edit]
Volume (m3)Example
4.22419×10−105ThePlanck volume
1×10−90One cubicquectometre
1×10−81One cubicrontometre
1×10−72One cubicyoctometre
1×10−63One cubiczeptometre
1×10−54One cubicattometre
1×10−45One cubicfemtometre
~2.82×10−45Volume of aproton
~9.4×10−44Classical volume of anelectron
1×10−36One cubicpicometre
1×10−33Onequectolitre
1×10−30One cubicångström or onerontolitre
7.23×10−30Volume enclosed by theVan der Waals radius of ahydrogen atom
3.936×10−29van der Waals volume of ahelium atom
1.91×10−29volume enclosed by the van der Waals radius of agold atom
3.75×10−29van der Waals volume of aH
2
molecule
5.29×10−29van der Waals volume of aO
2
molecule
1×10−27One cubic nanometre or one yoctolitre
1×10−24One zeptolitre
5×10−23Typical volume of structures on theMartianmeteoriteALH84001
1×10−21One attolitre
4×10−21Volume of hypothesisednanobacteria
5×10−21Volume of a typicalvirus

Microscopic

[edit]
Volume (m3)Example
1×10−18One cubic micrometre or one femtolitre
9×10−18Average volume of aplatelet
9×10−17Normal volume of a humanred blood cell
2×10−16Average volume of alymphocyte
3.3×10−16Mean volume of aneutrophil granulocyte
4.2×10−16Volume of an averagemonocyte
1×10−15One picolitre
2–9×10−15One drop from ahigh resolution colourinkjet printer
1.3×10−13avery fine grain ofsand (0.063 mm diameter, 3 micrograms)
1×10−12One nanolitre
6.2×10−11Amedium grain of sand (0.5 mm diameter, 1.5 milligrams)
5×10−10Volume of apoppy seed of 1-millimetre diameter[1]
1×10−9One cubicmillimetre or onemicrolitre
4×10−9Volume of amustard seed of 2-millimetre diameter
2×10−8Volume of a small grain ofrice 2 mm wide by 5 mm long

Human measures

[edit]
Volume (m3)Example
5.92×10−8Oneimperialminim
6.16×10−8OneUS minim
7×10−8Volume of a large grain of rice 3 mm wide by 12 mm long
2×10−7Average volume of apea
1×10−6Onecubic centimetre or onemillilitre
1.18×10−6Oneimperialfluid scruple
1.23×10−6OneUS fluid scruple
1.80×10−6Onesai
3.55×10−6Oneimperialfluid drachm
3.70×10−6OneUS fluid dram
3–5×10−6Average humanejaculation[2]
3.55–5×10−6Oneteaspoon
1.14×10−5Oneligula
1.42–2.0×10−5Onetablespoon
1.639×10−5Onecubic inch
1.80×10−5Oneshaku
2.84×10−5Oneimperialfluid ounce
2.96×10−5OneUS fluid ounce
3.5×10−5Average amount of blood lost by a woman duringmenstruation
4.5×10−5Onecyathus
6.8×10−5Oneacetabulum
1×10−4Maximum volume of non-exempt liquids, gels, and aerosols allowed in a U.S. air traveler's carry-on luggage
1.18×10−4OneUSgill
1.36×10−4Onequartarius
1.42×10−4Oneimperial gill
1.80×10−4One (a common size for servingsake)
2.73×10−4oneRomanhemina orcotyla
3.3–3.75×10−4Volume ofstubby or steinie of beer (Europe–330 mL, Canada–341 mL, Japan–350 mL, US–355 mL, Australia–375 mL)
4×10−4Rough volume of the humanurinary bladder
4.73×10−4OneUS liquidpint
5.46×10−4Onesextarius
5.51×10−4OneUS drypint
5.68×10−4Oneimperial pint
7.5×10−4The most common volume forwine andliquor bottles, also the size of anAustralian long neck of beer; sometimes called a 'fifth' in the United States for its approximation to the once-common one-fifth-gallon bottle
9.46×10−4OneUS liquidquart
1×10−3One cubicdecimetre or onelitre
1.000028×10−3Volume of 1kilogram of distilledwater (at the temperature of maximum density (3.98 °C or 39.16 °F) and standardatmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa))
1.10×10−3OneUS dryquart
1.14×10−3Oneimperial quart
1.0–8.2×10−3Typical range ofautomobileengine displacements
1.4×10−3Human brain cavity
1.80×10−3Oneshō (formerly a common sake-bottle size)
3.8×10−3OneUS liquidgallon
4.36×10−3Onesemimodius
4.40×10−3OneUS dry gallon
4.5×10−3Oneimperial gallon
5×10−3Approximate volume of theblood in one adult human
6×10−3Averagetotal volume of thelungs of amale human
8.81×10−3OneUSpeck
9.09×10−3One imperial peck
1.31×10−2Oneurna
1.80×10−2Oneto
1.85–3.6×10−2One Ancient Greekamphora
2.62×10−2OneRomanamphora
3.4×10−2OneFrenchamphora
2.83×10−2Onecubic foot
3.52×10−2OneUSbushel
3.64×10−2One imperial bushel
3.7–4.2×10−2Onefirkin
6.0×10−2Gasoline fuel tank in a car (Volvo 240)[3]
6.8–6.9×10−2Onerundlet
7.1×10−2Average volume of anadulthuman
7.4–8.3×10−2Onekilderkin
9.55×10−2OneUS barrel for cranberries
1.16×10−1OneUS dry barrel
1.17×10−1OneUS beer barrel, 31 US gallons
1.19×10−1OneUS fluid barrel (apart from oil or beer), 31.5 US gallons
1.59×10−1Oneoil barrel, 42 US gallons, about onetierce (158–160 L)
1.64×10−1Oneimperial barrel, 36 imperial gallons
1.80×10−1Onekoku
2×10−1Standarddrum size used for shippingbulk cargo
2.2–2.5×10−1Onehogshead
3.1–3.2×10−1Onepuncheon or tertian
4.7–4.9×10−1One butt (an old unit forbeer andwine)
5.24×10−1Oneculeus
7.65×10−1Onecubic yard
9.5–9.8×10−1One tun (an old unit forbeer andwine)
1×100One cubicmetre, onekilolitre or onestère—volume of a large domesticfridge-freezer (external dimensions)
3.85×101External volume of a standard 20-foot ("TEU")cargocontainer, which has a capacity of 33.1 cubic metres
7.7×101External volume of a standard 40-foot ("FEU") cargo container, which has a capacity of 67.5 cubic metres

Terrestrial

[edit]
Volume (m3)Example
1.05×102Volume of arear-engine Leyland TitanLondondouble-decker bus
1.49×102Volume of anyA DivisionNew York City Subwaycar
1×10^3 m3 (35,000 cu ft; 1.0×10−6 km3)One cubicdecametre or onemegalitre
1.233×103Oneacre-foot
2.5×103Volume of anOlympic size swimming pool of minimal depth(50 m × 25 m × 2 m).
3.054×103Volume of each of the nine spheres of theAtomium in Brussels
1.13×104Gas volume in the firstzeppelinLZ 1
1.1866×104Amount ofconcrete inTrbovlje Chimney
1.56×104Quebec's 2001 output ofmaple syrup
5.0×104Typical volume of a largegasometer
8.5–9.9×104Volume of theRoyal Albert Hall auditorium[4]
1.84×105Volume of gas in theUSSMacon (ZRS-5) zeppelin
2.11890×105Volume of gas in theHindenburgzeppelin
6.50×105Volume of crude oil that can be carried aboard theKnock Nevissupertanker
9.66×105Volume ofTaipei 101's gross floor space[5]
1×10^6 m3 (1,300,000 cu yd; 0.0010 km3)One cubichectometre, onegigalitre or onekilostère
1.4×106Volume the 1910Lakeview Gusher oil spilt (the biggestoil gusher in US history)
1.5644×106Volume of concrete in thePanama Canal Locks
2.6006×106Volume of stone in theGreat Pyramid of Giza
3×106Approximately amount ofmud andclay that slid into theSouth Nation River valley as alandslide on 20 June 1993
3.33×106Volume ofconcrete inHoover Dam
3.664883×106Volume of theNASA'sVehicle Assembly Building
8×106Volume of chalk excavated in the construction of theChannel Tunnel
1×107Volume ofChagan Lake, artificial lake created by nuclear explosion
1.7×107Volume of material in theGatun Dam, completed in 1913
2.8×107Volume ofconcrete in theThree Gorges Dam, the world's largest concrete structure
4.3×107Volume ofAswan Dam
9×107Volume of gas required per day byIndia in 2005
1.01×108Volume of theGrimselreservoir
1.73×108Volume ofLake Baldegg, Switzerland
2.05×108Volume of material excavated in the construction of thePanama Canal
2.2×108Volume ofLac de la Gruyère, Switzerland
2.85×108Volume ofLake Halwill, Switzerland
3.20–3.35×108Volume of theGreat Wall of China
3–5×108Volume of all humans alive on the planet (based on an average mass of 40–70 kg per human)
4×108Predicted volume ofnatural gas required per day by India in 2025
5×108Onesydharb—volume ofSydney Harbour, Australia[6]
6.93×108Volume ofLake Murten, Switzerland
1×10^9 m3 (1.3×109 cu yd; 1.0 km3)Onecubic kilometre or oneteralitre
1.2×109Approximate volume of rock ejected during the1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens
1.3×109volume ofLake Biel, Switzerland
2.5×109volume ofLake Walen, Switzerland
3.2×109volume ofLake Zug
3.9×109Volume ofLake Zürich
4.168×109Onecubic mile
5×109Volume ofcrude oil consumed by the world in a year
5.17×109volume ofLake Brienz
5.2×109Volume of the artificialGatun Lake (Panama Canal)
6.5×109Volume ofLake Thun
6.5×109volume ofLake Lugano
1×1010Estimated volume of rock ejected during the 1991 eruption ofMount Pinatubo
1.4×1010volume ofLake Neuchâtel
1.45×1010Volume ofLake Lucerne
3.52×1010Volume ofLake Mead, the reservoir of theHoover Dam
3.7×1010Volume ofLago Maggiore
5.5×1010Volume ofLake Constance
8.89×1010Volume ofLake Geneva
1×1011Estimated volume of rock exploded in eruption ofMount Tamboravolcano on 12 April 1815
1.33×1011Volume ofLake Nasser
1.44×1011Volume ofFedchenko Glacier and its tributaries
2×1011Estimated volume of the annual net inflow ofseawater to theBlack Sea (from theMediterranean Sea via theBosporus)
2.8×1011Volume ofLake Onega
~3×1011Volume ofcrude oil on Earth
3.2×1011Estimated volume of the annual inflow offreshwater to theBlack Sea
4.84×1011Volume ofLake Erie
8.37×1011Volume ofLake Ladoga
1×10^12 m3 (1.3×1012 cu yd; 1,000 km3)Onepetalitre
1.1×1012Volume of theAral Sea in 1960
2.76×1012Volume ofLake Victoria
2.8×1012Volume ofmagma erupted by theTobasupervolcano74000 years ago
4.918×1012Volume ofLake Michigan
5×1012Volume of the Fish Canyon Tuff erupted by theLa Garita Caldera
5.5×1012Volume of theasteroid433 Eros
1.2232×1013Volume ofLake Superior
1.84×1013Volume ofLake Tanganyika
2.36×1013Volume ofLake Baikal
5.5×1014Volume of theBlack Sea
1×1015Oneexalitre
1×10^15 m3 (1.3×1015 cu yd; 1,000,000 km3)Volume of theMariana Trench in thePacific Ocean, which contains the deepest point on theEarth's surface
2.6×1015Volume of Greenland ice cap
3.7×1015Volume of theMediterranean Sea
1.54×1016Volume of water contained in therings of Saturn (rough estimate)
3×1016Volume of water contained in theAntarctic ice sheet (rough estimate)
3×1017Volume of theAtlantic Ocean and volume of theIndian Ocean (rough estimates)
4.5×1017Volume ofCeres
1×1018One cubicmegametre or onezettalitre—volume of thePacific Ocean (rough estimate)
1.335×1018Volume of alloceans onEarth

Astronomical

[edit]
Volume (m3)Example
3×1018Estimated volume ofEuropa's oceans
6.4×1018Volume ofPluto
2.2×1019Volume of theMoon
6.1×1019Volume of planetMercury
1.6×1020Volume of planetMars
9.28×1020Volume of planetVenus
1×1021Oneyottalitre
1.08×1021Volume of planetEarth
2.25×1021Volume of all therocky planets in theSolar System
6.38×1022Volume of planetNeptune
7.02×1022Volume of planetUranus
9.23×1023Volume of planetSaturn
1×1024Oneronnalitre
1.53×1024Volume of planetJupiter
2.59×1024Total volume of all theplanets in theSolar System
1×1027One cubicgigametre or onequettalitre
1.41×1027Volume of theSun
~1×1030volume ofAlcyone, brightest star in thePleiades[7]
~1.7×1031Volume ofArcturus, brightest star inBoötes[8]
3.4×1032Volume ofRigel, the brightest star inOrion[9]
~5×1032Volume of ared giant the same mass as the Sun
1.4×1033Volume ofγ Crucis, ared giant inCrux[10][11]
~1×1034Volume ofDeneb, a whitesupergiant inCygnus[12]
6.4×1034Volume ofη Carinae, awhite supergiant inCygnus[12]
1.3×1035Estimated volume ofS Orionis[13]
1.5×1035Volume ofAntares, aMira variable inOrion[14]
~2.75×1035Volume ofBetelgeuse
1×1036One cubicterametre
4×1036Possible volume ofμ Cephei (estimates vary)
8×1036Estimated volume ofVY Canis Majoris, a redhypergiant star[15]
3.9×1038volume of a sphere which would enclose the orbit ofNeptune
6–10×1039Possible volume of theHeliosphere inside thetermination shock
1.1×1041Daily increase in volume of theCat's Eye Nebula[16]
4×1043Annual increase in volume of theCat's Eye Nebula[16][17]
1×1045One cubicpetametre
~1.7×1045Approximate volume of theStingray Nebula[18]
~2.7×1046Volume of the bright inner nebula of theCat's Eye Nebula[16]
5.5×1046The volume of aBok globule likeBarnard 68[19][20]
4.4×1047The volume of aBok globule one light year across[19][20]
8.47×1047One cubiclight-year
~1.7×1048Volume of theOort Cloud, assuming a radius of50000 AU
~1.6×1049Volume of theDumbbell Nebula
2.94×1049One cubicparsec
4.4×1050Approximate volume of theBubble Nebula (NGC 7635) (assuming a radius of 5 light years, sources differ)[21][22][23]
1×1054One cubicexametre
3×1055Estimated volume of a small dwarf galaxy likeNGC 1705
3.3×1055Estimated volume of theLocal Bubble, assuming a radius of 100 parsecs (~39 million cubic light years)
3×1058Estimated volume of a dwarf galaxy like theLarge Magellanic Cloud
2.94×1058One cubickiloparsec
~3.3×1061Volume of a galaxy like theMilky Way
1×1063One cubiczettametre—approximate volume of whole Milky Way including Globes
~5×1068Volume of theLocal Group
6.7×1071Volume of theGemini Void
1×1072One cubicyottametre
1.2×1072Volume of theLocal Void (about1.4×1024 cubic light years)[24]
3.5×1072Volume of theVirgo Supercluster[25]
1×1073Volume of theSculptor Void (about1.1×1025 cubic light years)[24]
2×1073Least volume of theSouthern Local Supervoid (about2.2×1025 cubic light years)[26]
3.4×1080Volume of theObservable Universe
1×1081One cubicronnametre
7.1×1081Lower bound on the volume of the universe based on analysis ofWMAP[27]
6.7×1083Lower bound on the volume of the entire universe
1×1090One cubicquettametre
~1×10113rough upper bound on the physical size of the present universe, a result of the maximum number ofHubble volumes.[28]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Gerald H. Ristow (2000).Pattern Formation in Granular Materials. Springer. p. 193.ISBN 3-540-66701-6. Retrieved3 November 2008.
  2. ^"Does Low Sperm Volume Mean Low Testosterone?".Everyday Health. Archived fromthe original on 2024-06-21.
  3. ^"Volvo 240 Fuel Tank - Free Shipping - Replacement, Spectra, Dorman". Retrieved2016-04-18.Specifications: * 16 gallons/60 liters * 18 x 38 x 16 in. * Without lock ring, seals, and filler neck
  4. ^Atwood, Robert (2006).Bears Can't Run Downhill, and 200 Dubious Pub Facts Explained. Ebury Press. p. 124.ISBN 0-09-191255-5.
  5. ^198000 square metres floor space fromStructurae multiplied by the "Slab to Slab Height" of 4.20 metres fromtaipei-101.com.tw gives831600 cubic metres. Floors one to eight can be approximated as4300 square metres (from[1]) times 8 times 4.2 metres, or an additional134400 cubic metres, giving an estimated966000 cubic metres.
  6. ^"Australian Conventional Units of Measurement in Water"(PDF). Australian Water Association. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 30 October 2005. Retrieved10 March 2006.
  7. ^Kaler, Jim,Alcyone, retrieved 18 November 2008: "radius nearly 10 solar"
  8. ^Mozurkewich, David; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Hindsley, Robert B.; Quirrenbach, Andreas; Hummel, Christian A.; Hutter, Donald J.; Johnston, Kenneth J.; Hajian, Arsen R.; Elias II, Nicholas M.; Buscher, David F.; and Simon, Richard S.;Angular diameters of stars from the Mark III optical interferometer,Astronomical Journal, 126, 2502–2520 (2003)
  9. ^Its radius is 70 times the Sun's
  10. ^Its radius is 113 times the Sun's.
  11. ^= 11488.213 * 9.4605284 × 10(power of 15) X 1,000,000,000 meters long (appr)
  12. ^abIts radius is estimated to be 200 to 300 times the Sun's
  13. ^VizeR page for Antares, retrieved 18 November 2009: "5.1e+02 solRad"
  14. ^VizeR page for S Orionis, retrieved 18 November 2009: "5.3e+02 solRad"
  15. ^Humphreys, Roberta M.;VY Canis Majoris: The Astrophysical Basis of its Luminosity, arxiv.org, 13 October 2006, page 3, retrieved 18 November 2009: "1800 to 2100 R⊙"
  16. ^abc43πr3; core radiusr = distance times sin(12 angular diameter) = 0.2light year. Distance = 3.3 ± 0.9 kly; angular diameter = 20arcseconds; expands 10 milliarcseconds per year.(Reed et al. 1999)
  17. ^Reed, Darren S.; Balick, Bruce; Hajian, Arsen R.; Klayton, Tracy L.; Giovanardi, Stefano; Casertano, Stefano; Panagia, Nino; Terzian, Yervant (1999). "Hubble Space Telescope Measurements of the Expansion of NGC 6543: Parallax Distance and Nebular Evolution".Astronomical Journal.118 (5):2430–2441.arXiv:astro-ph/9907313.Bibcode:1999AJ....118.2430R.doi:10.1086/301091.S2CID 14746840.
  18. ^r = 0.08 light years;43πr3 =1.86×1045 m3
  19. ^abMichael Szpir (May–June 2001)."Bart Bok's Black Blobs".American Scientist. Archived fromthe original on 29 June 2003. Retrieved19 November 2008.Bok globules such as Barnard 68 are only about half a light-year across and weigh in at about two solar masses
  20. ^abtheir size varies: a globule one quarter light year in radius has5.5×1046 m3, one a half light year in radius has4.4×1047 m3, one a light year in radius has3.5×1048 m3
  21. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (October 18, 2006)."NGC 7635: The Bubble".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.
  22. ^Hubble Site, 2000.An Expanding Bubble in Space. "diameter of 6 light-years".
  23. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (18 October 2006)."NGC 7635: The Bubble".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.
  24. ^abAn Atlas of the Universe.The Nearest Superclusters. Retrieved 19 November 2008
  25. ^assuming it is a sphere of 100 million light year radius
  26. ^Einasto, M (1994-07-15), "The Structure of the Universe Traced by Rich Clusters of Galaxies",Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,269 (2):301–322,Bibcode:1994MNRAS.269..301E,doi:10.1093/mnras/269.2.301
  27. ^https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0605709v2 How Many Universes Do There Need To Be?
  28. ^https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.2924v1.pdf "On Cosmological Implications of Holographic Entropy Bound" p.4
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