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Order of the White Rose of Finland

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Order of merit for distinguished service
For other uses, seeWhite Rose (disambiguation).

Order of the White Rose of Finland
  • Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunta
  • Finlands Vita Ros’ orden
Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland
Awarded byFinland
TypeState order
EstablishedJanuary 28, 1919; 106 years ago (1919-01-28)
CountryFinland
SeatHouse of the Estates[1]
RibbonUltramarine
MottoIsänmaan hyväksi ('For the Good of the Fatherland')
EligibilityFinnish nationals and foreigners[2]
CriteriaDistinguished service to the fatherland[2]
StatusCurrently constituted
FounderCarl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Grand MasterAlexander Stubb[1]
ChancellorTimo Laitinen [fi][1]
Vice-ChancellorAnita Lehikoinen [fi][1]
Classes
  • Grand Cross
  • First Class Commander
  • Commander
  • First Class Knight
  • Knight
Websiteritarikunnat.fi/language/en
Statistics
First inductionFebruary 12, 1919[3]
Precedence
Next (higher)None
Next (lower)Order of the Cross of Liberty

Ribbon of the Order of the White Rose of Finland

TheOrder of the White Rose of Finland (Finnish:Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunta;Swedish:Finlands Vita Ros’ orden) is one of three officialorders inFinland, along with theOrder of the Cross of Liberty, and theOrder of the Lion of Finland. ThePresident of Finland is the Grand Master of all three orders. The orders are administered by boards consisting of a chancellor, a vice-chancellor and at least four members. The orders of the White Rose of Finland and the Lion of Finland have a joint board.

History

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The Order of the White Rose of Finland was established byGustaf Mannerheim in his capacity asregent (temporary head of state) on January 28, 1919.[4][5] The name comes from the victory of theWhite side in theFinnish Civil War 1918 and from theheraldic rose, of which there are nineargent ones on thecoat of arms of Finland.[6] The order's rules and regulations were confirmed on May 16, 1919,[7] and its present rules date from June 1, 1940. The revised scale of ranks was confirmed most recently in 1985. The original decorations were designed byAkseli Gallen-Kallela. Theswastikas of the collar were replaced byfir crosses in 1963, designed by heraldic artistGustaf von Numers. The honour can be granted for military as well as civilian merit.

Insignia

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The ribbon for all classes is ultramarine, as it is found in theflag of Finland, although officially the statutes do not define the color of the ribbon beyond it being "dark blue".[8] The motto of the order appears on the medallion and isIsänmaan hyväksi (Finnish for 'For the Good of the Fatherland').[2][9]

ThePresident of Finland wears the Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland with Collar (a neck chain). The Collar is worn four centimetres from either side and hangs at equal distances at the front and back. The Grand Cross and Commander marks are awarded with a breast star.

Classes

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Diploma of the order

The classes of the order of the White Rose of Finland are:

  • Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland with Collar
  • Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland
  • First Class Commander of the White Rose of Finland
  • Commander of the White Rose of Finland
  • First Class Knight of the White Rose of Finland
  • Knight (Chevalier) of the White Rose of Finland
  • Cross of Merit of the White Rose of Finland
  • First Class Medal of the White Rose of Finland with golden cross
  • First Class Medal of the White Rose of Finland
  • Medal of the White Rose of Finland

Recipients

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Generally the Grand Cross with Collar is awarded only to foreign heads of state, e.g. toKing Fuad I of Egypt (1935),Charles de Gaulle (1962),Josip Broz Tito (1963) andKing Birendra ofNepal (1988). In the case of royals, consorts may be awarded with it. Heirs apparent of Nordic monarchies have also been awarded.[10] The Grand Master may however in principle award it at his pleasure.[11] During World War IIHermann Göring andJoachim von Ribbentrop were exceptionally given the Grand Cross with Collar becauseAdolf Hitler would not receive orders.[12]

Prime ministers of Finland customarily receive the Grand Cross. Certain leftist politicians refused the cross or did not wear it, and the transient term in office ofAnneli Jäätteenmäki did not lead to the president awarding the cross.[13] The Grand Cross is also given to presidents of theSupreme Court and theSupreme Administrative Court, theArchbishop of Turku and Finland, and the Chancellor of the order.[14]

Recipients list

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See also:List of Commanders of the Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose of Finland
This is adynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.
Selected recipients of the Order of the White Rose of Finland
YearCommanderNotes
1919FinlandCarl Gustaf Emil MannerheimRegent of Finland (1918–1919)
Commander-in-Chief of theFinnish Defence Forces (1918, 1939–1946)
President of Finland (1944–1946)
1926Kingdom of ItalyErnesto Burzagli
1930CzechoslovakiaTomáš MasarykPresident of Czechoslovakia
1931HungaryMiklós HorthyRegent of Hungary
1934United KingdomShaul Tchernichovsky
United KingdomGladys Wright"for her contribution to improving relations between Britain and Finland."[15]
1939Nazi GermanyWalther von Brauchitsch
1941Dean Driscollfor services "toward relieving the civilian population of wartorn Finland".[16]
Nazi GermanyHermann Göringpolitician, military leader
Nazi GermanyEduard Dietl
Nazi GermanyJosef Veltjens
1942Nazi GermanyJoachim von Ribbentrop
JapanHirohitoEmperor of Japan[17]
RomaniaIon Antonescu
1944FinlandNorman Cameron Moore[18]
1947United KingdomEarl Wagner Twitchell
1951FinlandBernard Aabelin 1948 Aabel became the Assistant Military Attaché in Helsinki, Finland[19]
1955United KingdomSir Thomas Beecham[20]
1956Soviet UnionKliment Voroshilov[21][22]
1960FinlandJarl Lindfors
1961FinlandMaggie Gripenberg[23]
1962FranceCharles de Gaulle[17]
1963Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaJosip Broz Tito
Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaKoča Popović
1967EgyptGamal Abdel Nasser[24]
HungaryZoltán Kodály
United StatesGreta Kukkonenfirst wife of actorGregory Peck
United States ColonelWayne J. MoeUS Army Attaché
1969United KingdomAnne, Princess Royal
1971FinlandOlli Mannermaa
New ZealandArthur Lydiard
1974SwedenCarl XVI GustafKing of Sweden[17]
1976Soviet UnionLeonid Brezhnev[17]
1978Soviet UnionDmitriy UstinovMarshal of the Soviet Union
1983FinlandLeo Kyntäjä
FinlandWalter Werronen
1984United StatesArthur J. Collingsworth
1988FinlandEnsio Seppänen
NepalBirendra Bir Bikram Shahlate king of Nepal[17]
1991FinlandMargareta Steinby[25]
1996ThailandBhumibol AdulyadejKing of Thailand
2003Finland "Andrew Wilkinson"
2004FinlandElwin SvensonExecutive Director – International Programs, FEMBA/GAP programs,UCLA Anderson School of Management[26]
"for assisting the expansion of Finnish start-up companies through the UCLA Anderson's Global Access Program."[26]
FinlandKalervo KummolaKnight of the Order of White Rose of Finland, ice hockey executive, businessman, and politician[27]
Republic of IrelandDáithí O'Ceallaigh
UkraineViktor Pylypenkohistorian
2005UkraineKostiantyn Tyshchenkophilologist, linguist
2006FinlandErkki Oja[28]
2007United StatesJames Cathey
CroatiaRada Borić[29][30]
2008AustraliaTimothy Rodd PurcellChairman of Finland Australia Chamber of Commerce
FinlandJim GilleranManaging Director –Finnforest USA
FinlandSimon Beresford-WylieChief Executive Officer, Nokia Siemens Networks
2009EstoniaMart Laar
KazakhstanNursultan NazarbayevPresident of Kazakhstan[31]
SyriaBashar al-Assad[32]
2010IndiaRajendra Kumar Pachauri
2011FinlandHenry TirriFormer executive vice president and CTO of Nokia. Henry was a tenured professor of computer science at the University of Helsinki. Henry holds a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Helsinki, Finland and an honorary doctorate from University of Tampere, Finland.
United StatesBob FosterProfessor, Director – GAP, UCLA Anderson School of Management[33]
"in recognition of his efforts, through the GAP program, to help Finnish technology companies expand into markets abroad, including the United States"[34] and their advancement "further in corporate development."[33]
2012FinlandSauli NiinistöPresident of Finland (2012–2024)
FinlandArmi KuuselaMiss Universe 1952
2015FinlandAnna-Maja Henriksson[35]
FinlandTapani Jyrki Tarvainen[36] Chevalier (Knight) of the White Rose of Finland
2016FinlandPauline KiltinenCross of Merit of the Order of the White Rose for the promotion of Finnish culture including the commissioningRockland the Opera[37]
2017FinlandHelena Yli-Renko[38]
2021FinlandDavid Yoken[39]
2022FinlandHanna Vehkamäki
FinlandSanna Marin
2024FinlandAlexander StubbPresident of Finland (2024–)
EstoniaAlar KarisPresident of Estonia (2021–)
2025DenmarkFrederik XKing of Denmark (2024-)
UkraineVolodymyr ZelenskyyPresident of Ukraine (2019–), Grand Cross with Collar[40]
2025LatviaEdgars RinkēvičsPresident of Latvia (2023-)

Special honors

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See also

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References

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  1. ^abcd"Ritarikuntien organisaatio".Ritarikunnat - Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ja Suomen Leijonan ritarikunnat (in Finnish). RetrievedMarch 20, 2025.
  2. ^abc"Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan ohjesääntö".Ritarikunnat - Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ja Suomen Leijonan ritarikunnat (PDF) (in Finnish). October 9, 2020. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2022.
  3. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 47–49, 497.
  4. ^"Finnish Orders and Where to Find Them".Tallinn Museum of Orders of Knighthood. December 6, 2017. RetrievedJanuary 23, 2022.
  5. ^"The Order of the White Rose of Finland".Presidentti.fi. RetrievedJanuary 23, 2022.
  6. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 22, 25, 31.
  7. ^Matikkala 2017, p. 52.
  8. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 44–45.
  9. ^"History".Ritarikunnat - Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ja Suomen Leijonan ritarikunnat. October 9, 2020. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2022.
  10. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 107–108.
  11. ^Tetri, Juha E. (March 13, 1994)."Kunniamerkeissä syytä pitäytyä tarkkuuteen".Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). p. A 19.
  12. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 151–152, 156.
  13. ^Hämäläinen, Unto (December 11, 2016)."Pätkäpääministerit jäävät ilman suurristiä – presidentin vahva asema näkyy palkitsemisessa".Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). RetrievedSeptember 22, 2022.
  14. ^Matikkala 2017, pp. 114–115.
  15. ^Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B.; Goldman, L., eds. (23 September 2004). "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. ref:odnb/93577. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/93577. Retrieved 10 May 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  16. ^"Letter transmitting Order of White Rose", www.ancestry.com, accessed 22 Sep 2015[1]
  17. ^abcde"Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat".Ritarikunnat (in Finnish). October 9, 2020. RetrievedJanuary 12, 2023.
  18. ^For services to the Finnish Government as Naval Adviser 1934-39
  19. ^"Brian Aabel".
  20. ^Lucas, John (2008).Thomas Beecham : an obsession with music. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell. p. 330.ISBN 978-1843834021.
  21. ^"Фото".
  22. ^"ФотоСоюз Президент Финляндии Паасикиви вручает орден К. Е. Ворошилову" (in Russian). Archived fromthe original on March 5, 2016. RetrievedMay 23, 2019.
  23. ^Ambegaokar, Saga Mirjam Vuori (2004)."Gripenberg, Maggie". In Cohen, Selma Jeanne (ed.).International Encyclopedia of Dance (1st paperback ed.). New York, New York: Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-195-17369-7.  – via Oxford University Press's Reference Online(subscription required)
  24. ^"Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunnan suurristin ketjuineen ulkomaalaiset saajat - Ritarikunnat" (in Finnish). October 9, 2020. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2023.
  25. ^"Eva Margareta STEINBY". Archived fromthe original on November 15, 2014.
  26. ^abCarrillo, Sandybeth, "Vice chancellor emeritus receives recognition overseas: Finland awards Svenson for work with international Anderson program",Daily Bruin, UCLA, 2005 January 10.
  27. ^Koski, Juha (November 27, 2017)."Vuoden 2017 Yritysjohtaja on Harri Sjoholm Elinkeinovaikuttaja Kalervo Kummola".Tampere Chamber of Commerce (in Finnish). Archived fromthe original on January 12, 2023. RetrievedJanuary 12, 2023.
  28. ^Hasani, Ilire; Hoffmann, Robert."Oja Erkki".Academy of Europe. RetrievedJuly 25, 2017.
  29. ^"Meet Rada Boric, Croatia".Nobel Women's Initiative. November 25, 2022. RetrievedApril 1, 2024.
  30. ^"Radi Borić uručeno finsko odlikovanje".Suomi ulkomailla: Kroatia (in Croatian). RetrievedApril 1, 2024.
  31. ^"Nursultan Nazarbayev was awarded the highest award - the Order of the "Finnish White Rose and the Finnish Lion"".e-history.kz (in Russian). RetrievedJune 28, 2022.
  32. ^"IS: Syyrian sotarikoksista syytetyllä presidentillä Suomen korkein kunniamerkki".Savon Sanomat (in Finnish). September 20, 2013. RetrievedJanuary 5, 2023.
  33. ^abBensley, Lucas (January 12, 2012)."From 'professor' to knighted 'sir': UCLA's Bob Foster is honored by Finland".Daily Bruin. pp. 1, 4. RetrievedJune 7, 2023.
  34. ^Press release, UCLA Anderson School of Management, 2011 December 20.
  35. ^"Itsenäisyyspäivän kunniamerkit".Turun Sanomat. December 2, 2015.
  36. ^"6.12.2015 annetut kunniamerkit". January 6, 2021.
  37. ^"Kiltinens are well deserving of many honors received".The Mining Journal. January 15, 2016.
  38. ^"Muistokirjoitus | Helena Yli-Renko 1972–2021".Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). April 29, 2021. RetrievedJanuary 12, 2023.
  39. ^"Turun ammattikorkeakoulun henkilökunnalle myönnetty kunniamerkkejä".Turun Ammattikorkeakoulu (in Finnish). Archived fromthe original on January 12, 2023. RetrievedJanuary 12, 2023.
  40. ^Антоновська, Ольга (March 19, 2025)."Зеленський отримав орден Білої Троянди від глави Фінляндії".novyny.live (in Ukrainian).
  41. ^abTetri, Juha E. (2003).Kunniamerkkikirja (in Finnish) (3. täyd. ed.). Ajatus. p. 52.ISBN 978-951-20-6404-5.

Works cited

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  • Matikkala, Antti (2017).Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ja Suomen Leijonan ritarikunnat (in Finnish). Helsinki: Edita.ISBN 978-951-37-7005-1.

Further reading

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External links

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