TheOrder of the Precious Crown (宝冠章,Hōkan-shō) is a Japaneseorder, established on January 4, 1888 byEmperor Meiji of Japan. Since theOrder of the Rising Sun at that time was an Order for men, it was established as an Order for women.[1] Originally the order had five classes, but on April 13, 1896 the sixth, seventh and eighth classes were added.
Until 2003, the Order of the Precious Crown, which had eight ranks, was equivalent to the Order of the Rising Sun and was awarded as a women-only version of the Order of the Rising Sun.[1] In 2003 the Order of the Rising Sun, previously reserved for males, was made available to women as well, and the lowest two classes of the Order of the Precious Crown were abolished.[1] Since 2003, the Order of the Precious Crown has only been given to female members of theimperial family in Japan and female members of the royal family in foreign countries only when it is specifically necessary for diplomatic ceremonies.[1]
Since 2003, the number representing rank included in the official name of the order was removed. As a result, although numbers representing ranks were sometimes used in common names, the formal names such as勲一等 (Kun-ittō, First Class) and 勲二等 (Kun-nitō, Second Class) were no longer used.[2]
In 1907, medals of the Order of the Crown were bestowed upon twenty-nineAmericans who participated in theRusso-Japanese War. This unusual list of honorees was composed of ten women volunteer nurses and nineteen correspondents of American newspapers.[3]
The first class honour has been typically conferred to female royalty. As originally conceived, the order consisted of eight classes. Unlike itsEuropean counterparts, the order may be conferred posthumously.
Thebadge of the order is a gold oval medallion, with floral designs at its four ends; at the centre is an ancientJapanese crown on a blue background, surrounded by a red ring. It is suspended from a smaller badge, its design varies according to class, on a ribbon in yellow with red stripes near the borders, as a sash on the right shoulder for the 1st class, as a bow on the left shoulder for the other classes.
Thestar of the order, which is worn only by the first class, has five rays studded withpearls, with floral designs between the rays. The central disc features aHo-o or phoenix on a blue background, surrounded by a red ring emblazoned with a laurel wreath.
Themedal for the 6th and 7th classes are golden bronze. The face presents the crossed flags of Japan and the Emperor, both of which are surmounted by the Rising Sun. The obverse presents a conventional monumental shaft, which is flanked by a branch of laurel and a branch of palm.[3]
Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown (1st class)
The Order of the Precious Crown, Peony (2nd class)
The Order of the Precious Crown, Butterfly (3rd class)
The Order of the Precious Crown, Wistaria (4th class)
The Order of the Precious Crown, Apricot (5th class)
The Order of the Precious Crown, Ripple (6th class)
This is adynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.
^20世紀日本人名事典,367日誕生日大事典."杉野 芳子(スギノ ヨシコ)とは".コトバンク (in Japanese). Archived fromthe original on 2022-08-20. Retrieved2019-10-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"Yasui, Kono (1880–1971)".Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages. 2007. Archived fromthe original on 24 February 2016. Retrieved7 November 2015.
Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001).Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America.ISBN1-890974-09-9
