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Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Order of chivalry in the Russian Empire

For other uses, seeOrder of Alexander Nevsky andOrder of Saint Alexander (Bulgaria).

Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
Order on ribbon
Awarded by Head of theHouse of Romanov
Type	Dynastic Order
Royal house	House of Romanov
Religious affiliation	Russian Orthodox
Motto	"For Labor and the Fatherland"
Awarded for	Military and Civil Merit
Grades	Awarded in one class
Precedence
Next (higher)	Imperial Order of Saint Andrew
Next (lower)	Imperial Order of the White Eagle
Equivalent	Imperial Order of Saint Catherine
Ribbon of the order

Portrait of the first Russian Minister of Finance, Alexei Vasiliyev, wearing the sash and badge of the Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky

TheImperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was anorder of chivalry of theRussian Empire first awarded on 1 June [O.S. 21 May] 1725 by EmpressCatherine I of Russia.^[1]

History

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The introduction of theImperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was envisioned by EmperorPeter I of Russia (r. 1682–1725) to reward military bravery in battle. However, he died before he could create the order. It was established by EmpressCatherine I of Russia, in memory of the deeds ofSaint Alexander Nevsky, patron Saint of the Russian capital ofSaint Petersburg, for defending Russia against foreign invaders. The order was originally awarded to distinguished Russian citizens who had served their country with honor, mostly through political or military service.^[2]

It was first awarded on the occasion of the wedding ofGrand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia andCharles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp in 1725. A dozen guests received the reward, and the order quickly fell far behind theOrder of Saint Andrew and theOrder of Saint Catherine in prestige.^[2]^[1]

The Empress Catherine complained about the situation and by September 1725, she took it upon herself to determine who would receive the award. The Order of Saint Alexander was granted the highest esteem and was not usually bestowed upon people below the rank of Lieutenant-General or an equal political status. It also granted hereditary nobility. Additionally it was, including Polish KingAugustus II the Strong and KingFrederick IV of Denmark–Norway^[1]

Legacy

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The Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky was abolished after the 1917Russian Revolution, along with all other orders and titles of the Russian Empire.

In 1942, theSoviet Union revived the order as a purelymilitary decoration and renamed it the more secularOrder of Alexander Nevsky, and theRussian Federation revived it in 2010.

The heads of the Russian Imperial House in exile have continued to award the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky.Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, a pretender to the Russian throne and to the headship of the Russian Imperial House, continues to award a Russian Imperial Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky as a dynastic order of knighthood.^[3] These actions are disputed by some members of the Romanov family.^[4]

In 2010, researchers in Saint Petersburg and Moscow published a book listing all the names of the recipients of the original order. The combined number of honorees spanning the years 1725 to 1917 totaled 3,674.^[5]

InsigniaOrder St Alexander Nevsky

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Cross version, edition 1820–1830 (front)
version issued in 1865 in gold on black enamel
Star version from silver-thread embroidery on white leather, edition ca 1840

Recipients

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References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toOrder of St. Alexander Nevsky.

^^a ^b ^cОрден Святого Александра [Order of Saint Alexander] (in Russian). Retrieved5 February 2015.
^^a ^b"Order of St. Alexander Nevsky". Kaiserzeit. Retrieved7 September 2014.
^"Официальный сайт Российского Императорского Дома". Archived fromthe original on 2009-05-19. Retrieved2016-01-11.
^"The Romanov Fund for Russia".
^Полный список кавалеров ордена святого Александра Невского издан в виде словаря [The Complete List of Recipients of the Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky Compiled in a Dictionary] (in Russian). Retrieved5 February 2015.
^"Hofstaat Seiner Kaiserlichen und Königlichen Apostolischen Majestät",Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie (in German), Vienna: Druck und Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1916, p. 16 – via alex.onb.ac.at

v t e Orders, decorations, and medals of Russia
Honorary titles	Hero of the Russian Federation Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation Mother Heroine Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation Honoured Military Pilot of the Russian Federation Honoured Military Navigator of the Russian Federation Honoured Cultural Worker of the RSFSR Honorary Officer of State Security (USSR) Honored Officer of the Security Agencies (Russia) Honored Employee of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation Honored Employee of the Diplomatic Service (Russia) Honored Worker of Physical Culture of the Russian Federation
Orders	Order of St. Andrew Order of St. George "For Merit to the Fatherland" Order of St. Catherine Order of Gagarin "For Valiant Labor" Order of Alexander Nevsky Order of Suvorov Order of Ushakov Order of Zhukov Order of Kutuzov Order of Nakhimov Order of Courage Order "For Military Merit" Order "For Naval Merit" Order of Pirogov "For Merit in Culture and Art" Order of Honour Order of Friendship Order of Parental Glory
Decorations	Cross of St. George Decoration "For Beneficence" Badge of Distinction "For Mentoring" Decoration For Impeccable Service Guards Badge Academic graduation badge
Medals	"For Merit to the Fatherland" "For Courage" "For Bravery" Suvorov Ushakov Zhukov Nesterov Pushkin Defender of a Free Russia "For Distinction in the Protection of Public Order" "For Distinction in the Protection of the State Borders" "For Bravery in Firefighting" "For Life Saving" "For Work in Agriculture" "For the Development of Railways" "For Merit in the Development of Nuclear Industry" "For Merit in Space Exploration" Order of Parental Glory
Jubilee medals	50 Years of Victory 60 Years of Victory 65 Years of Victory 70 Years of Victory 75 Years of Victory 300 Years of the Russian Navy 850th Anniversary of Moscow 100 Years of the Trans-Siberian Railway 300th Anniversary of Saint Petersburg 1000th Anniversary of Kazan
Presidential certificates	Presidential Certificate of Honour Presidential Certificate of Gratitude
Government certificates	Government Certificate of Honour Gratitude of the Government
Officially defunct dynastic orders	Order of Saint Catherine Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky Order of the White Eagle Order of Saint Vladimir Order of Saint Anna Order of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker Order of Saint Anastasia Order of Saint Stanislaus Order of Saint Michael the Archangel (Insignia of Saint Olga)
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