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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Alupent, Metaprel, Orcibest |
| Other names | Metaproterenol (USANUS) |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682084 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth,inhalation |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 3% if inhaled, 40% if taken orally |
| Metabolism | Gastrointestinal andhepatic |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 6 hours |
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| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.701 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C11H17NO3 |
| Molar mass | 211.261 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
| Solubility in water | 9.7 mg/mL (20 °C) |
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Orciprenaline, also known asmetaproterenol, is abronchodilator used in the treatment ofasthma.[1][2] Orciprenaline is a moderately selectiveβ2 adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates receptors of thesmooth muscle in the lungs, uterus, and vasculature supplyingskeletal muscle, with minimal or no effect on α adrenergic receptors. The pharmacologic effects of β adrenergicagonist drugs, such as orciprenaline, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through β adrenergic receptors of intracellularadenylyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion ofATP tocAMP. Increased cAMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators ofimmediate hypersensitivity from many cells, especially frommast cells.
More common side effects of metaproterenol include tachycardia and nervousness.[3][4] Additional side effects with >1% incidence include headache, nausea, and tremor.[3] A non-exhaustive list of rare side effects includes other cardiovascular symptoms, dizziness, fatigue, etc.[3][4]