Oranienburg (German pronunciation:[oˈʁaːni̯ənˌbʊʁk],German:Konzentrationslager (KZ) Oranienburg) was an earlyNazi concentration camp, one of the firstdetention facilities established by theNazis in thestate of Prussia when theygained power in 1933. It held the political opponents of theNazi Party from theBerlin region, mostly members of theCommunist Party and theSocial Democratic Party and scores of undesirables.[1][2]
It was established in the center of the town ofOranienburg on the main road to Berlin when theSA took over a disused brewery grounds. Passers-by were able to look inside the prison perimeter. Prisoners were marched through the town to performforced labour on behalf of the local council.[1]
The prison was taken over by theSS on 4 July 1934, when the SAwas suppressed by the regime. It was closed and subsequently replaced in the area bySachsenhausen concentration camp in 1936. At closure, the prison had held over 3,000 inmates, of whom 16 had died.
52°44′57″N13°14′12″E / 52.7493°N 13.2367°E /52.7493; 13.2367
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