| Operation Braganza | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of theWestern Desert campaign of theSecond World War | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Italy |  United Kingdom | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Enrico Frattini | Brian Horrocks | ||||||
| Units involved | |||||||
| 185th Infantry Division "Folgore" | XIII Corps | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | 328 men | ||||||
| Operation Braganza | |
|---|---|
| Location | Deir el Munassib 30°33′N28°53′E / 30.550°N 28.883°E /30.550; 28.883 |
| Objective | Capture ground near Dier al Munassib |
| Date | Began night of 29 September 1942 |
| Executed by | 131st (Queen's) Infantry Brigade with armour from4th Armoured Brigade, nine field regiments and a medium battery of artillery |
| Outcome | Failure |
| Casualties | 12 officers and 260 other ranks killed, wounded and missing |
Operation Braganza was launched on the night of 29 September 1942 byLieutenant-GeneralBrian Horrocks, commandingBritish XIII Corps. It was intended as a preliminary toOperation Lightfoot, part of theSecond Battle of El Alamein. The objective was to capture an area of ground nearDeir el Munassib inEgypt, to be used for extra artillery deployment. This would involve the131st (Queen's) Infantry Brigade from the44th (Home Counties) Division, supporting armour from the4th Armoured Brigade, nine field regiments and one medium battery of artillery.
The artillery barrage commenced at 05.25. While the 1/6th Battalion,Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) — on the northern side of the battle — and the 1/7th Battalion — on the eastern side — encountered very little opposition, in the south the 1/5th was badly handled when they ran into positions held by the paratroopers of the185th Infantry Division "Folgore". The brigade made little ground, taking 328 casualties in the process.[1][2]
There were then attempts to relieve the survivors and renew the attack. In the northern part of the battle, these were successful, when the132nd (Kent) Infantry Brigade took over, it was found that, despite little fighting, there had been a great many casualties from heatstroke in the 131st Brigade. When, on the following day, the relief operations and attempts to renew the attack in the south broke down, Lieutenant-General Horrocks called off the operation. As a result of the losses from the operation, some of the formations were unfit for the battle (Operation Lightfoot) and Lieutenant-GeneralBernard Montgomery, theBritish Eighth Army commander, had to change his plans of keeping divisions together. During the remaining period of training, this often led to bewildering interchange of units, which also created considerably extra difficulties for the command structure.
