| One Woodward Avenue | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Office |
| Architectural style | International Style |
| Completed | 1962 |
| Owner | Bedrock Detroit |
| Height | |
| Roof | 430 feet (130 m) |
| Top floor | 345 ft (105 m) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 28 |
| Floor area | 447,725 sq ft (41,595.0 m2)[1] |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Minoru Yamasaki SmithGroup |
Michigan Consolidated Gas Company Building | |
| Location | 1 Woodward Avenue Detroit,Michigan |
| Coordinates | 42°19′44″N83°2′44″W / 42.32889°N 83.04556°W /42.32889; -83.04556 |
| Part of | Detroit Financial District (ID09001067) |
| Designated CP | December 14, 2009 |
One Woodward Avenue (formerly known as theMichigan Consolidated Gas Company Building andAmerican Natural Resources Building) is a 28-story officeskyscraper indowntownDetroit, Michigan. Located in the city'sFinancial District, it overlooksHart Plaza and theInternational Riverfront. It was designed byMinoru Yamasaki in theInternational style, and completed in 1962.
Minoru Yamasaki designed the new headquarters for the Michigan Consolidated Gas Company in 1962. The Michigan Consolidated Gas Building was his first skyscraper, and he used elements from this design for the originalWorld Trade Center inNew York City. His design forMcGregor Memorial Conference Center atWayne State University is also highly regarded by architects.[2]
In the 1980s, the building became the American Natural Resources Building when that company was formed as the parent of Michigan Consolidated Gas. At this time, a pedestrian bridge was added over West Larned Street at the 14th floor to connect the ANR offices to Michigan Consolidated, which had relocated to the adjacentGuardian Building. When the ANR offices moved from the building in the 1990s, it was given its current name.
In December 2012,Quicken Loans founderDan Gilbert announced that his company,Rock Ventures, had purchased the building and that Quicken Loans would occupy eight-floors in the structure.[3] The building joins the nearbyQube,First National Building,Chrysler House, and1001 Woodward in Rock Ventures' real estate portfolio.
October 28, 2014,Fifth Third Bank announced plans to relocate its Michigan Regional Headquarters fromSouthfield to Downtown Detroit in what will be named theFifth Third Bank Building at One Woodward. The bank occupies approximately 62,000 sq ft (5,800 m2) of the structure and has also pledged an investment totaling $85 million to the city of Detroit to accompany the transition to its new regional headquarters.[4]
The main structure sits on a raised platform that conceals the loading dock and service entrances. It contains 26 usable floors, adouble-height mechanical penthouse, and one floor below ground, reaching a height of 430 feet (130 m) The lobby rises two stories from the base and is enclosed by glass panels framed in chrome. Accent panels have the same hexagonal design as the window frames on the upper stories. The lobby walls are recessed from the building facade to create aloggia on all four sides of the building. The floor of the loggia is covered with white marble cut in a hexagonal design and flows uninterrupted to the interior lobby floor and up the walls of the elevator banks. The ceiling of the main level consists of coffered square panels that have a recessed light fixture. Beneath each light bulb, a four-armed anodized aluminum frame holds a blue plexiglass sphere that diffuses the light and casts color onto the white floor. These specialized light fixtures, which Yamasaki developed with the assistance of sculptor Lee DuSell, were meant to portray the jet of blue flame often seen with gas appliances. Yamasaki had meant the light fixtures to be a tribute to the clients, and original tenants of the building; The Michigan Consolidated Gas Company.[5]
The two elevator lobbies have a dropped ceiling that rises to a gable point and again reflects the windows of the upper stories. The lobby holds only planters and a security desk, against the original wishes of gas company executives. In their request for designs, they wished the lobby to include a showroom for gas appliances with a large sign proclaimingGas is best, the company's slogan at the time. During his presentation, Yamasaki was able to convince company leaders that the clean lines of an unadorned lobby would enhance the company's image more than a showroom. For this reason, the newsstand traditionally seen in large office buildings is located on the lower level.
Yamasaki commissionedGiacomo Manzù, anItaliansculptor with important liturgical commissions inSt. Peter's Basilica inVatican City, to craft the gracefulPasso di Danza (Step of the Dance) for the Jefferson Avenue entrance.[6] The sculpture originally stood in the center of a reflecting pool that had gas torches on its surface. Because of leakage into the loading dock below, much of the pool was filled with plantings in the 1980s. On at least one occasion, the sculpture was the target of pranksters who painted large green footprints leading to it fromThe Spirit of Detroit statue across Woodward Avenue to suggest a late-night visit.[7]
The façade of the structure consists of piers clad in white marble that tie into the base and divide each side into four bays. The windows of the upper floors are only 12 inches wide and set into pre-cast panels made of concrete and marble chips that cover two floors. Although the windows extend nearly floor-to-ceiling, their narrowness avoids the feeling ofacrophobia, a condition to which Yamasaki is said to have been subject.[8] The top and bottom of the window openings meet in a stylized arch, resulting in a delicate lattice appearance that Yamasaki re-used in his designs for theIBM Building inSeattle, theOberlin Conservatory of Music, and the World Trade Center towers. The lattice is uninterrupted from the second through 28th floors, although on the mechanical floors above 26, the spaces in the lattice remain open instead of being glazed. These floors are enclosed by a recessed wall and the space between the outer and inner walls is illuminated after dark. From the building's opening through the early 1980s, the 26th floor was occupied by an upscale restaurant known asThe Top of the Flame.[9]
Air-conditioning and mechanical equipment on the roof are concealed by a similar lattice work and also illuminated after nightfall. During much of the year, the lighting is white; however, the color is changed for special events, being red and green during December and red, white, and blue prior to theU.S. Independence Day andCanada Day holidays.
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