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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Omniscan |
| Other names | 2-[bis[2-(carboxylatomethyl-(methylcarbamoylmethyl)amino)ethyl]amino]acetate; gadolinium(+3) cation |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | negligible |
| Metabolism | not metabolized |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 77.8 minutes |
| Excretion | Kidney |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H28GdN5O9 |
| Molar mass | 591.68 g·mol−1 |
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Gadodiamide, sold under the brand nameOmniscan, is agadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA), used inmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures to assist in the visualization of blood vessels.
Gadodiamide is acontrast medium used for cranial and spinalmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for general MRI of the body after intravenous administration. It provides contrast enhancement and facilitates visualisation of abnormal structures or lesions in various parts of the body including thecentral nervous system (CNS). It crosses intact theblood brain barrier.[4]
Gadodiamide is one of the main GBCA associated withnephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a toxic reaction occurring in some people withkidney problems.[5] No cases have been seen in people with normal kidney function.[6]
A 2015 study foundgadolinium deposited in the brain tissue of people who had received gadodiamide.[7] Other studies usingpost-mortemmass spectrometry found most of the deposit remained at least 2 years after an injection and deposit also in individuals with no kidney issues.
In vitro studies found it to beneurotoxic.[8]
An Italian task force recommended that breastfeeding mothers precautionally avoid anycontrast agent, such as gadodiamide, that has been associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.[9]
Like other gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), gadodiamide may cause a range of adverse reactions. The most common include mild symptoms such as nausea, headache, or injection site discomfort. However, rare but serious reactions have been reported.
Gadodiamide can cause severe allergic or hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis—a potentially life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention and treatment with epinephrine (adrenaline). Post-marketing surveillance and case studies have documented such events in patients who received gadodiamide.[10]
Data from the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) also list anaphylaxis and other hypersensitivity reactions among the reported adverse effects associated with gadodiamide.[11]
Patients with a known history of allergic reactions to contrast media or other drugs should inform their healthcare provider before undergoing imaging studies with gadodiamide. In high-risk individuals, premedication and pre-screening protocols may be considered to mitigate the risk of severe reactions.
Gadodiamide was suspended along withgadopentetic acid (Magnevist) by theEuropean Medicines Agency in 2017.[12]
