Olopatadine, sold under the brand namePatanol among others, is an antihistamine medication used to decrease the symptoms ofallergic conjunctivitis andallergic rhinitis (hay fever).[2] It is used aseye drops or as anasal spray.[2] The eye drops generally result in an improvement within half an hour.[2]
Olopatadine was patented in 1986 and came into medical use in 1997.[6] It is available as ageneric medication.[2] In 2023, it was the 269th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900,000 prescriptions.[7][8]
Olopatadine is an active ingredient in eye drops designed to alleviateallergic conjunctivitis, a condition characterized by itchy, red, and watery eyes. It is intended to serve as a superior alternative to eye drops that containcorticosteroids. By utilizing olopatadine, the goal is to minimize the side effects associated with corticosteroids. These side effects include elevatedintraocular pressure, which can lead toglaucoma, and an increased susceptibility to infections.[9]
In nasal sprays, olopatadine is used either as a standalone active ingredient, or in a combination with mometasone, a corticosteroid. A fixed-dose combination of olopatadine hydrochloride 665 μg and mometasone furoate 25 μg is called "GSP301".[10][11][12]
Olopatadine nasal spray may cause side effects such as nosebleeds, painful nasal sores, fever, urinary discomfort, nasal congestion, cough, throat irritation, a bitter taste, drowsiness, headaches, rashes, and repeated instances of painful urination.[14][15]
Olopatadine was patented in 1986 byKyowa Hakko Kogyo and came into medical use in 1997.[6]
In the United States, Pataday Twice Daily Relief was first approved by the FDA in 1996, under the name Patanol as a prescription drug and was indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis (referring to ocular redness and itching due to allergies).[1] Pataday – now Pataday Once Daily Relief – was first approved by the FDA in 2004, as a prescription drug and was indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.[1] These drugs are mast cell stabilizers, which work by preventing the release of histamine and therefore prevent or control allergic disorders.[1]
In February 2020, Pataday Twice Daily Relief and Pataday Once Daily Relief were switched to beover-the-counter drugs in the United States when the FDA granted the approvals of the nonprescription products toAlcon.[1]
A package of generic formulation of olopatadine eye drops sold under the brand name Pallada
Brand names include Pallada, Pazeo, Pataday, Patanol S, Patanol, Opatanol, Olopat, Patanase.[18][19] It is also available as an oral tablet in Japan under the tradename Allelock, manufactured byKyowa Hakko Kogyo.[20]
^Chen R, Zheng D, Zhang Y, Sima G (2022). "Efficacy and safety of twice-daily olopatadine–mometasone combination nasal spray (GSP301) in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis".European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.279 (4):1691–1699.doi:10.1007/s00405-021-07085-w.PMID34591150.
^Segall N, Lumry W, Prenner B, Caracta C, Tantry S (2018). "Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Olopatadine/Mometasone Combination Nasal Spray in Patients with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis".Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.121 (5): S60.doi:10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.199.
^Ueno K, Kubo S, Tagawa H, Yoshioka T, Tsukada W (July 1976). "6,11-Dihydro-11-oxodibenz [b,e] oxepinacetic acids with potent antiinflammatory activity".Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.19 (7):941–6.doi:10.1021/jm00229a017.PMID940112.
^Gonzalez-Estrada A, Reddy K, Dimov V, Eidelman F (August 2017). "Olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis".Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.18 (11):1137–1143.doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1346085.PMID28656804.
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