 | This article or sectionappears to contradict itself on threshold for daily urine output qualifying as oliguria (variously given as 80-100mL/<400mL/<500mL in intro/Definition section). Please see thetalk page for more information.(May 2021) |
| Oliguria | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Hypouresis |
| Specialty | Urology |
Oliguria orhypouresis is the low output ofurine specifically more than 80 ml/day but less than 400ml/day.[1] The decreased output of urine may be a sign ofdehydration,kidney failure,hypovolemic shock,hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,urinary obstruction/urinary retention,diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),pre-eclampsia, andurinary tract infections, among other conditions.
Beyond oliguria isanuria, which represents an absence of urine, clinically classified as below 80 or 100 ml/day.[1]
The term oliguria is derived fromoligo-meaning "small, little," + -uria, from the Greek wordouron, meaning"urine".[2]
Oliguria is defined as a urine output that is less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants,[3] less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children,[3] and less than 400 mL[3] or 500 mL[4] per 24h in adults - this equals 17 or 21 mL/hour. For example, in an adult weighing 70 kg it equals 0.24 or 0.3 mL/kg/h. Alternatively, however, the value of 0.5 mL/kg/h is commonly used to define oliguria in adults as well.[4]
Perform ultrasound examination of the kidney to rule out obstructive processes.[citation needed]
The mechanisms causing oliguria can be categorized globally in three different categories:[citation needed]
Patients usually have a decrease in urine output after a major operation that may be a normal physiological response to:[citation needed]
Oliguria, when defined as less than 1 mL/kg/h, ininfants is not attributed tokidney failure.[5]