Olga Kennard | |
|---|---|
 Kennard on the 50th anniversary of the CCDC in 2015 | |
| Born | Olga Weisz (1924-03-23)23 March 1924 |
| Died | (aged 98) |
| Alma mater | Newnham College, Cambridge |
| Known for | Crystallography of organic molecules |
| Spouses | |
| Children | 2 |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Crystallography |
| Institutions | University of Cambridge,Cavendish Laboratory,Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre |
Olga Kennard, Lady Burgen (néeWeisz; 23 March 1924 – 1 March 2023) was a Hungarian-born British scientist who specialised incrystallography. She was the founder of theCambridge Crystallographic Data Centre.
Kennard's research focused on determining the structures of organic molecules, including the first three-dimensional structure ofadenosine triphosphate[1] and particularly the different forms ofDNA.[2]
Together withJD Bernal she believed in the value of collating scientific data in a central archive, this began theCambridge Structural Database (CSD), collating crystal structures of mainly organic molecules. Kennard was also involved, at CSD, in the founding of theProtein Data Bank, and of the EMBL nucleotide sequence data library (later,European Nucleotide Archive).[3]
Kennard was born in Budapest, Hungary on 23 March 1924,[4] to Joir and Catherina Weisz.[5] She moved to the United Kingdom at the age of 15 with her family in the face of growing antisemitism in Hungary. In the UK she was educated at Hove County School for Girls andPrince Henry VIII Grammar School,Evesham. She attendedNewnham College, Cambridge, studyingNatural Sciences at a time when women did not formally receive a degree.[6][7] She went on to gain an MA in 1948.
Following her studies, Kennard worked as a research assistant at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge from 1944 to 1948, working withMax Perutz on the structure ofhemoglobin.[8] After this she moved to London, working at theMedical Research Council RC Vision Research Unit from 1948 to 1951. In this role she studiedrhodopsin andvitamin A withHamilton Hartridge.[7] Subsequently, she was a research assistant, establishing a crystallographic lab at the MRCNational Institute for Medical Research.[9]In 1961 Kennard returned to work in Cambridge (where she had lived whilst working in London) to the University'schemistry department to set up a Crystallography Unit. She remained in this department until retirement but never held a University post as she was seconded from the MRC.[7][10] During her career she produced over 200 scientific papers and wrote several books.
In 1972, Kennard was among a small group of crystallographers who set up the European Crystallographic Committee (now theEuropean Crystallographic Association) and she became its president from 1975–81.[11]
Kennard was best known as a founder of theCambridge Structural Database and first director (from 1965 to 1997) of the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. The resource was borne of her belief that "collective use of data would lead to the discovery of new knowledge which transcends the results of individual experiments".[12]
Kennard held an MRC special appointment from 1974 to 1989 and was visiting professor at theUniversity of London from 1988 to 1990.[6]
Kennard was awarded a doctorate of science by Cambridge in 1973 and elected aFellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1987[13] and appointed anOfficer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) "for services to Scientific Research on the Structure of Biological Molecules" in the1988 Birthday Honours.[10][14] In recognition of her work, an Olga Kennard Research Fellowship in crystallography was created, administered by the Royal Society. The awardee from 2017–22 was Jon Agirre (University of York).[15]
In 1993 she was elected a member of theAcademia Europaea.[16]
In 2003 the University of Cambridge made her aDoctor of Lawhonoris causa.[17]
In 2020, theIUCr awarded Dr Kennard the 12thEwald Prize for her "invaluable pioneering contribution to the development of crystallographic databases".[18]
Kennard was married to SirArnold Burgen, her second husband, until his death in May 2022. Her first husband was David Kennard, to whom she was married from 1948 to 1961, together having two daughters.[5] Her niece is English actressRachel Weisz.
After retirement, Kennard was appointed a trustee of theBritish Museum in 2004, a position held until 2012.She was an 'architecture aficionado' and lived in aGrade II listed house designed by Danish architect, Erik Sorensen.[19]
TheNational Portrait Gallery holds her portrait.[20]
Kennard died on 1 March 2023, at the age of 98.[21][22]
olga kennard.
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