Odotheus (inZosimusAedotheus) was aGreuthungi king who in 386 led an incursion into theRoman Empire. He was defeated and killed by the Roman generalPromotus.[1] His surviving people settled inPhrygia.
After the major Gothic entry into the Roman Empire in 376, there still remained substantial numbers of Goths in several kingdoms north and east of the lowerDanube.[2] In the year 386 the king Odotheus led his people into the Empire, possibly fleeing Hunnic hegemony, but Heather (1996:103) disputes this. The incursion was described as a heavy assault against the Romans and constituted the second opposition on the Lower Danube frontier, since other Gothic groups also fought the Romans on the same front.[3] An account cited that the Greuthungi were crushed when they tried to cross the Danube.[4] It is also said that many of these armed troops perished in an ambush since the Danube crossing was partially successful.[5] This incident was noted inClaudian'sPanegyric, which was delivered to honorEmperor Honorius' fourth consulate.[6]
Odotheus was brought to battle and killed by the general Promotus.Zosimus gives two versions (4.35 and 4.38-9), generally thought to be of the same story; the second version calls themGrothingi and speaks of a betrayal (or entrapment) by Promotus.The survivors of his people were settled inPhrygia; some were drafted into theArmy and some became agricultural labourers.[7]
In 399,Tribigild, a Gothic commander in Roman service who led a unit of these Phrygian survivors of Odotheus' kingdom,[8] rose in revolt.Michael Kulikowski suggests the Goths of Tribigild were in fact survivors of the massacres in Asia Minor of 378/9, after theBattle of Adrianople.[9]Gainas, another Gothic general sent to suppress him, suborned Tribigild's revolt for his own purposes. After some initial successes, Gainas was suppressed and fled north of the Danube, only to be killed by the Hunnic chieftainUldin.[10] Thus perished many of Odotheus' remaining people; the fate of the rest in Phrygia is unknown.
The Greuthungi's settlement in Phrygia facilitated the so-called Gothicization of the Danubian provinces and, later, Asia Minor.[5]
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