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Oda Nobukatsu | |
|---|---|
織田 信雄 | |
 | |
| Daimyō of Uda-Matsuyama | |
| In office 1615–1630 | |
| Preceded by | Fukushima Takaharu |
| Succeeded by | Oda Takanaga |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1558 |
| Died | June 10, 1630(1630-06-10) (aged 71–72) |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Spouse | Kitabatake Tomonori's daughter |
| Parents |
|
| Nickname | "Oda Nobuo" |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Oda clan Toyotomi clan Tokugawa shogunate |
| Unit | Kitabatake clan |
| Battles/wars | Tenshō Iga War Battle of Shizugatake Battle of Komaki and Nagakute Siege of Odawara Korean Campaign Siege of Osaka |
Oda Nobukatsu (織田 信雄, 1558 – June 10, 1630) also known asKitabatake Tomotoyo was a Japanesesamurai of theAzuchi–Momoyama period. He was the second son ofOda Nobunaga. He was adopted as the head of theKitabatake clan fromIse Province. He survived the decline of theOda clan from political prominence, becoming adaimyō in the earlyEdo period. Though often described as an incompetent general, Nobukatsu was a skilled warrior. In thebattle of Komaki and Nagakute, he used a 13th-centurytachi of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school, to slay a samurai known asOkada Sukesaburō. The blade came to be known as "Okada-giri Yoshifusa", now a national treasure.
In 1570, Nobukatsu became an adopted heir of theKitabatake clan and married a daughter of the former lord of Kitabatake,Tomonori. The true nature of this marriage was a condition of truce forced by the Oda clan to the Kitabatake clan.
In 1575, Nobukatsu officially became the head of the family. The next year, he killed his father-in-law, imprisoned the previous lord, who was his father by adoption, and completely took over the Kitabatake clan.
In 1579, eager to achieve fame, Nobukatsu directed a firstinvasion of Iga,Iga Province, which only ended in disastrous failure and severe rebuke from his father.
Two years later in 1581, Nobunaga himself led the second invasion with an army of several ten thousand, destroyed the whole region and placing control ofIga province in Nobukatsu's hands.[1][2]
When Nobunaga and his heir,Nobutada, died at theHonnō-ji incident in 1582, problems arose about who would succeed the lordship ofOda clan. When Nobukatsu and his younger brother,Nobutaka, quarreled over the matter, a council decided on the infant son of Nobutada,Oda Hidenobu. The opinion ofToyotomi Hideyoshi was most influential on this decision.[3]
At this point, Nobukatsu changed his surname back to Oda. He succeeded his father as lord ofOwari,Mino andIse Provinces.
In 1583, during the succeeding chaotic years, Nobukatsu joined with Hideyoshi to destroyOda Nobutaka.[3]: 313 However, soon their relationship became hostile too, and Nobukatsu allied withTokugawa Ieyasu to fight Hideyoshi in theBattle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584. After more than a half year of battles, Hideyoshi persuaded Nobukatsu to make peace, offering him the security of the dominion. Nobukatsu took this offer and practically became a retainer of Hideyoshi.
Later in 1590, when he served at theOdawara Campaign, he refused to accept Hideyoshi's order to change his dominion, and later he not only lost his original domain but was also forced to become a monk under the supervision of some Toyotomi retainers. A few years later, Hideyoshi's anger eased and Nobukatsu regained some land to rule.
In 1598, he became the guardian ofToyotomi Hideyori after Hideyoshi's death.
However in 1615, he betrayed theToyotomi clan at theSiege of Osaka, and surrendered toTokugawa Ieyasu. As a result, he was permitted to remain adaimyō by the Tokugawa shogunate. Though he is often described as an incompetent general, he managed to survive the series of upheavals.
After the establishment of theTokugawa shogunate, he became the lord of theUda-Matsuyama Domain inYamato Province (modern-dayNara Prefecture), and comfortably lived the rest of his life.
Nobukatsu appears as a mere fool in the comedy filmThe Kiyosu Conference (2013), but is portrayed somewhat sympathetically in the action filmMumon: The Land of Stealth (2017).
| Preceded by | Kitabatake family head 1572–1582 | Succeeded by none |
| Preceded by | 1st(Oda) Lord of Uda-Matsuyama 1615–1630 | Succeeded by |