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| Occupational medicine | |
|---|---|
| MeSH | D009787 |
| Occupation | |
|---|---|
| Names |
|
Occupation type | Specialty |
Activity sectors | Medicine |
| Description | |
Education required |
|
Fields of employment | Hospitals,Clinics,Government Agencies,Corporations, |
Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM), previously calledindustrial medicine,[1][a] is a board certified medical specialty under the American Board of Preventative Medicine that specializes in the prevention and treatment of work-related illnesses and injuries.[2]
OEM physicians are trained in both clinical medicine andpublic health.[3] They may work in a clinical capacity providing direct patient care to workers throughworker's compensation programs or employee health programs and performing medical screening services for employers.[2][3] Corporatemedical directors are typically occupational medicine physicians who often have specialized training in the hazards relevant to their industry.[3] OEM physicians are employed by the US military in light of the significant and unique exposures faced by this population of workers.[3] Public health departments, theOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and theNational Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) commonly employ physicians specialized in occupational medicine.[4] They often advise international bodies, governmental and state agencies, organizations, and trade unions.[5][citation needed]
The specialty of Occupational Medicine rose in prominence following the industrial revolution.[6] Factory workers and laborers in a broad host of emergent industries at the time were becoming profoundly ill and often dying due to work exposures which prompted formal efforts to better understand, recognize, treat and preventoccupational injury anddisease.[7]
More recently occupational medicine gained visibility during theCOVID-19 pandemic as spread of the illness was intricately linked to the workplace necessitating dramatic adjustments in workplace health, safety andsurveillance practices.[8]
In the United States, theAmerican College of Preventive Medicine oversees board certification of physicians in Occupational and Environmental Medicine[9]
Occupational medicine aims to prevent diseases and promote wellness among workers.[10] Occupational health physicians must:[10]
OM can be described as:
The first textbook of occupational medicine,De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of Workers), was written by Italian physicianBernardino Ramazzini in 1700.[citation needed]
Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of theRussian Academy of Sciences (Moscow)
Australasia
| Occupational diseases andinjuries |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occupational hygiene | |||||
| Professions | |||||
| Agencies and organizations |
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| Standards | |||||
| Safety |
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| Legislation | |||||
| See also |
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| General |
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| Preventive healthcare | |||||||
| Population health | |||||||
| Biological and epidemiological statistics | |||||||
| Infectious and epidemic disease prevention | |||||||
| Food hygiene and safety management | |||||||
| Health behavioral sciences | |||||||
| Organizations, education and history |
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Aspects of occupations | |
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