Celestial object in the constellation Chamaeleon
An artist's concept of OTS 44's dust disk OTS 44 is afree-floating planetary-mass object orbrown dwarf located at 530 light-years (160 pc) in theconstellation Chamaeleon near thereflection nebula IC 2631 . It is among the lowest-mass free-floating substellar objects, with approximately 11.5 times the mass ofJupiter , or approximately 1.1% that of theSun .[ 3] [ 4] [ 3]
OTS 44 was discovered in 1998 by Oasa, Tamura, and Sugitani as a member of the star-forming regionChamaeleon I .[ 5] [ 6] Spitzer Space Telescope and theHerschel Space Observatory , OTS 44 emits anexcess of infrared radiation for an object of its type, suggesting it has a circumstellar disk of dust and particles of rock and ice.[ 1] [ 2] [ 7] [ 2] Very Large Telescope show that the diskis accreting matter at the rate of approximately 10−11 of the mass of the Sun per year.[ 2] planetary system . Observations withALMA detected the disk inmillimeter wavelengths. The observations constrained the dust mass of the disk between 0.07 and 0.63M E [ 8] M E (5.2M L M E (24M L ) for dust particles of 1 μm in size.[ 9]
SCR 1845-6357 , a binary system comprising a red dwarf and a brown dwarfCha 110913-773444 , an astronomical object that may be a free-floating planet surrounded by what appears to be a protoplanetary diskJ1407b , an object possibly similar to OTS 44 that transited the starV1400 Centauri 2MASS J11151597+1937266 , a relative nearby free-floating planetary-mass object with a diskKPNO-Tau 12 , a low-mass brown dwarf or planetary-mass object with a disk^a b c Luhman, K. L.; et al. (February 2005), "Spitzer Identification of the Least Massive Known Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk",The Astrophysical Journal ,620 (1):L51 – L54 ,arXiv :astro-ph/0502100 Bibcode :2005ApJ...620L..51L ,doi :10.1086/428613 ,S2CID 15340083 ^a b c d e f g Joergens, V.; Bonnefoy, M.; Liu, Y.; Bayo, A.; Wolf, S.; Chauvin, G.; Rojo, P. (2013-10-01). "OTS 44: Disk and accretion at the planetary border".Astronomy and Astrophysics .558 : L7.arXiv :1310.1936 Bibcode :2013A&A...558L...7J .doi :10.1051/0004-6361/201322432 .ISSN 0004-6361 . ^a b c d e f Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Rojo, P.; Allard, F.; Pinte, C.; Dumas, C.; Homeier, D. (2014). "A library of near-infrared integral field spectra of young M-L dwarfs".Astronomy & Astrophysics .562 (127): A127.arXiv :1306.3709 Bibcode :2014A&A...562A.127B .doi :10.1051/0004-6361/201118270 .S2CID 53064211 . ^ Luhmann, K. L.; Peterson, D. E.; Megeath, S. T. (2004). "Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Least Massive Known Brown Dwarf in Chamaeleon".The Astrophysical Journal .617 (1):565– 568.arXiv :astro-ph/0411445 Bibcode :2004ApJ...617..565L .doi :10.1086/425228 .S2CID 18157277 . ^ Tamura, M.; Itoh, Y.; Oasa, Y.; Nakajima, T. (1998). "Isolated and Companion Young Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus and Chamaeleon Molecular Clouds".Science .282 (5391):1095– 7.Bibcode :1998Sci...282.1095T .doi :10.1126/science.282.5391.1095 .PMID 9804541 . ^ Oasa, Y.; Tamura, M.; Sugitani, K. (1999)."A Deep Near-Infrared Survey of the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud Core" .The Astrophysical Journal .526 (1):336– 343.Bibcode :1999ApJ...526..336O .doi :10.1086/307964 ^ "Blurring the lines between stars and planets: Lonely planets offer clues to star formation" .MPIA Science Release 2013-09 . Retrieved1 September 2014 .^ Bayo, Amelia; Joergens, Viki; Liu, Yao; Brauer, Robert; Olofsson, Johan; Arancibia, Javier;Pinilla, Paola ; Wolf, Sebastian; Ruge, Jan Philipp; Henning, Thomas; Natta, Antonella (May 2017)."First Millimeter Detection of the Disk around a Young, Isolated, Planetary-mass Object" .Astrophysical Journal Letters .841 (1): L11.arXiv :1705.06378 Bibcode :2017ApJ...841L..11B .doi :10.3847/2041-8213/aa7046 hdl :10150/624481 ISSN 0004-637X .S2CID 73605838 . ^ Wu, Ya-Lin; Bowler, Brendan P.; Sheehan, Patrick D.; Close, Laird M.; Eisner, Joshua A.; Best, William M. J.; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Kraus, Adam L. (2022-05-01)."ALMA Discovery of a Disk around the Planetary-mass Companion SR 12 c" .The Astrophysical Journal .930 (1): L3.arXiv :2204.06013 Bibcode :2022ApJ...930L...3W .doi :10.3847/2041-8213/ac6420 ISSN 0004-637X .
