Nukkariyya (Arabic:النُّكارية,lit. 'al-Nukkāriyya'),“Deniers,” also called the Nakkara or al-Nakkariyya[1] orYazidiyya[2][3] was one of the main branches ofIbadi Islam, founded in 784 by Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin al-Ifrani.[4][5] Led byAbu Yazid al-Nukkari, they revolted against the rulingFatimids inIfriqiya (today's Tunisia and eastern Algeria), conqueringKairouan in 944 and laying siege toSousse, but were ultimately defeated in 947.[6] The Nukkari were known as "Yazidiyya" due to their founder, Yazid al-Irfani, and had no connection to theAdawiyya Kurds, who were called Yazidiyya due to their reverence ofYazid ibn Muawiya.[7] Remnants of the Nukkari are thought to have survived on the island ofDjerba.[5] They split from mainstream Ibadism, i.e. the Wahbi.[8] The parent branch of Nukkari, Wahbi Ibadism, was the most mainstream of theschools of thought within Ibadism,[9] due to the fact that most preserved Ibadi texts can be attributed to Wahbi affiliated scholars.[10]
The dating of early Wahbi writings such as kutub al-rudud and siras (letters) has led some analysts such as Salim al-Harithi to claim Ibadism as the oldest sect within Islam. However others suggest Ibadism only took on characteristics of a sect and a full-fledged madhab during the demise of theRustamid dynasty.[9] The term Wahbi is chiefly derived as an eponymous intimation to the teachings of Abdullah bin Wahb al-Rasibi. Although the term Wahbi was initially considered superfluous as Ibadism was largely homogenous, its usage increased upon the advent of the Nukkari secession in order to differentiate the Wahbis from the off-shoot Ibadis. The most common epithet Wahbi Ibadi clerics enjoined their adherents to apply to themselves is the termahl al istiqama meaningthose on the straight path. They rejected the usage ofahl al -sunnah as early usage assigned the termsunnah as the practise of Muawiyah cursing Ali ibn Abi Talib from the pulpits, although during the Umayyad era, this meaning changed.[9]
^J. Hoffman, Valerie (2012).The Essentials of Ibadi Islam (Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East). Syracuse University Press. p. 19.ISBN978-0815632887.
^Al-Damurdashi's Chronicle of Egypt: 1688 - 1755, Aḥmad ad-Damūrdāšī, 1991, pp. 40
^تاريخ المغرب العربي، Volume 3، Saʻd Zaghlūl ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd، 1979، pp. 191
^نشأة الفرق وتفرقها: الزيدية، الإمامية الإثنى عشرية، الإسماعيلية الباطنية، الإباضية، المعتزلة، الأشعرية، الماتريدية، الظاهرية؛ كمال الدين نور الدين مرجوني، 2011, pp. 126-127
Islam portal
