Nowshahr Persian:نوشهر Nowshahr | |
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City | |
     | |
 Seal | |
  Nowshahr | |
| Coordinates:36°38′51″N51°29′35″E / 36.64750°N 51.49306°E /36.64750; 51.49306[1][2] | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | Mazandaran |
| County | Nowshahr |
| District | Central |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor, City Council |
| • Mayor | Jafar Ghomi Avili |
| • Representative inMajles | Kamran Pouladi |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,717.5 km2 (663.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2016)[3] | |
• Total | 49,403 |
| • Density | 28.764/km2 (74.500/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Postal code | 46516 |
| Area code | 011 |
| Website | noshahr |
Nowshahr (Persian:نوشهر)[a] is a city in theCentral District ofNowshahr County,Mazandaran province,Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[5] It is a port city[6] on the southern coast of theCaspian Sea.
Ruyan is a region in the west of Mazandaran province. This land includesKojur, Kalārestāq andTonekabon. The city of Kojur was the center of the land of the Ruyans. Ruyan has always been part ofTabaristan, nowadays called Mazandaran province. Ruyan was also called Rostamdār, Ostandār and Rostamdele.[7]
The city ofChalus and its associated towns and villages were part of the Nowshahr township prior to 1996, after which they formed the new township of by legislation from the national parliament.
The largest ethnic group in Nowshahr is theMazandarani people and they speak the Kojuri dialect of the language. They are also fluent inPersian, the official language of Iran.[8]
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 40,578 in 11,550 households.[9] The following census in 2011 counted 43,378 people in 12,695 households.[10] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 49,403 people in 16,287 households.[3]
Nowshahr has ahumid subtropical climate (Köppen:Cfa,Trewartha:Cf), with warm, humid summers and cool, damp winters.[citation needed]
| Climate data for Nowshahr (1991-2020, extremes 1977-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.8 (94.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 34.0 (93.2) | 35.4 (95.7) | 36.6 (97.9) | 28.0 (82.4) | 26.0 (78.8) | 36.6 (97.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.6 (52.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 13.1 (55.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 26.9 (80.4) | 29.1 (84.4) | 29.6 (85.3) | 26.6 (79.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 17.3 (63.1) | 13.6 (56.5) | 20.1 (68.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) | 7.8 (46.0) | 9.9 (49.8) | 13.7 (56.7) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.6 (74.5) | 25.7 (78.3) | 26.0 (78.8) | 23.0 (73.4) | 18.5 (65.3) | 13.2 (55.8) | 9.5 (49.1) | 16.5 (61.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) | 4.7 (40.5) | 7.2 (45.0) | 10.9 (51.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.6 (72.7) | 19.9 (67.8) | 15.1 (59.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 6.1 (43.0) | 13.3 (55.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) | −5.2 (22.6) | −3.0 (26.6) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 11.0 (51.8) | 14.8 (58.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 11.8 (53.2) | 6.0 (42.8) | −2.0 (28.4) | −1.5 (29.3) | −5.2 (22.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 106.5 (4.19) | 94.5 (3.72) | 87.0 (3.43) | 60.0 (2.36) | 34.5 (1.36) | 44.0 (1.73) | 49.1 (1.93) | 53.4 (2.10) | 177.7 (7.00) | 253.5 (9.98) | 232.1 (9.14) | 132.8 (5.23) | 1,325.1 (52.17) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 11.1 | 8.8 | 93.7 |
| Average snowy days | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 81 | 83 | 85 | 84 | 82 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 83 | 84 | 83 | 82 | 82.2 |
| Averagedew point °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) | 4.9 (40.8) | 7.3 (45.1) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.9 (60.6) | 19.7 (67.5) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.2 (72.0) | 19.9 (67.8) | 15.6 (60.1) | 10.3 (50.5) | 6.5 (43.7) | 13.3 (56.0) |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 127 | 109 | 122 | 141 | 200 | 224 | 212 | 203 | 150 | 155 | 131 | 124 | 1,898 |
| Source 1:NOAA[11] (snowfall 1981-2010[12]) | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:Iran Meteorological Organization[13] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Noushahr (1977–2010, extremes 1977-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.8 (94.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 34.0 (93.2) | 35.4 (95.7) | 36.6 (97.9) | 28.0 (82.4) | 26.0 (78.8) | 36.6 (97.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.0 (51.8) | 10.7 (51.3) | 12.3 (54.1) | 16.8 (62.2) | 21.5 (70.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 28.8 (83.8) | 28.9 (84.0) | 26.3 (79.3) | 22.1 (71.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 13.6 (56.5) | 19.6 (67.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.4 (45.3) | 7.5 (45.5) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.7 (56.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.8 (73.0) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.5 (77.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 18.4 (65.1) | 13.6 (56.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 16.2 (61.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 4.3 (39.7) | 6.6 (43.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.6 (67.3) | 21.9 (71.4) | 22.0 (71.6) | 19.4 (66.9) | 14.6 (58.3) | 9.8 (49.6) | 5.8 (42.4) | 12.8 (55.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) | −5.2 (22.6) | −3.0 (26.6) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 11.0 (51.8) | 14.8 (58.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 11.8 (53.2) | 6.0 (42.8) | −2.0 (28.4) | −1.5 (29.3) | −5.2 (22.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 104.1 (4.10) | 87.4 (3.44) | 80.4 (3.17) | 50.7 (2.00) | 47.1 (1.85) | 49.5 (1.95) | 33.1 (1.30) | 64.8 (2.55) | 169.2 (6.66) | 243.5 (9.59) | 199.9 (7.87) | 143.1 (5.63) | 1,272.8 (50.11) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 3.4 (1.3) | 2.3 (0.9) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.1) | 6.3 (2.5) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.7 | 11.9 | 13.6 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 9.4 | 10.8 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 131.9 |
| Average snowy days | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 84 | 85 | 87 | 86 | 84 | 81 | 79 | 81 | 84 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 84 |
| Averagedew point °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) | 4.8 (40.6) | 7.0 (44.6) | 11.1 (52.0) | 15.5 (59.9) | 19.6 (67.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.3 (72.1) | 20.0 (68.0) | 15.7 (60.3) | 10.8 (51.4) | 6.8 (44.2) | 13.3 (56.0) |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 122.5 | 111.9 | 114.0 | 140.8 | 190.0 | 206.8 | 206.6 | 179.8 | 147.1 | 147.1 | 129.9 | 119.8 | 1,816.3 |
| Source 1:Iran Meteorological Organization[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:NOAA[15] (snowfall 1981-2010[16]) | |||||||||||||
The city has been slow to industrialise due to environmental considerations and having an already vibrant economy based on tourism, ship transport and agriculture. Nevertheless there are local food processing, timber treatment and steel industries.[citation needed] Recently, a trailer assembly plant has opened in cooperation with theMAZ ofBelarus.
The Dual-use port of Noshahr was built by a Dutch contracting firm in the late 1920s and is one of Iran's most active ports on theCaspian Sea.[17]
Noshahr Airport, previously a military airbase and currently a civilian-only airport is located on the western part of the city.
With its humid, subtropicalclimate, sea bathing in the waters of the Caspian, and the natural environment of its mountains, Nowshahr has long been a destination for domestictourism in Iran. It attracts visitors by the hundreds of thousands every year to its hotels and private villas, by virtue of its transport links with the other cities ofNorthern Iran. During the reign ofMohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, Nowshahr was known unofficially as the 'second capital' or 'summer capital' of Iran because it was the city in which the Shah and most high-level government officials chose to live and work during the summer months.
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Noshahr was home to theShamoushak who competed in thePersian Gulf Pro League from 2003 to 2006. Shamoushak folded its football team in 2013.[18][19]
The city is home to Imam Khomeini University for Naval Sciences, some branches and campuses of Azad University of Nowshahr andChalus, and Royan Institute of Higher Education.
Media related toNowshahr at Wikimedia Commons
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