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RAF Northolt

Coordinates:51°33′11″N000°25′06″W / 51.55306°N 0.41833°W /51.55306; -0.41833
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(Redirected fromNortholt Aerodrome)
Royal Air Force station in Greater London, England

RAF Northolt
Ruislip, Greater London in England
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson holding a bilateral summit with the Prime Minister of Canada,Justin Trudeau, inside the RAF Northolt Officers' Mess, 7 March 2022
Latin:Aut portare aut pugnare prompti
("Ready to carry or to fight")[1]
Site information
TypeRoyal Air Force station
OwnerMinistry of Defence
OperatorRoyal Air Force
Controlled byNo. 2 Group (Air Combat Support)
WebsiteOfficial website
Location
RAF Northolt is located in Greater London
RAF Northolt
RAF Northolt
Shown within Greater London
Coordinates51°33′11″N000°25′06″W / 51.55306°N 0.41833°W /51.55306; -0.41833
Site history
Built1915 (1915)
In use1915–present
Garrison information
Occupants
Airfield information
IdentifiersIATA: NHT,ICAO: EGWU,WMO: 03672
Elevation124 ft (38 m)AMSL
Runways
DirectionLength and surface
07/251,684 m (5,525 ft) Groovedasphalt
Source: RAF Northolt Defence Aerodrome Manual[2]

Royal Air Force Northolt or more simplyRAF Northolt (IATA:NHT,ICAO:EGWU) is aRoyal Air Forcestation inSouth Ruislip, 2nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi)[3] fromUxbridge in theLondon Borough of Hillingdon, westernGreater London, England, approximately 6 mi (10 km) north ofHeathrow Airport. AsLondon VIP Airport, the station handles many private civil flights (private planes of up to 29 passengers) in addition to Air Force flights.[4][5][6][7]

Northolt has one runway in operation, spanning 1,687 m × 46 m (5,535 ft × 151 ft), with a groovedasphalt surface.[3] This airport is used for government andVIP transport to and from London.

Northolt predates the establishment of the Royal Air Force by almost three years, having opened in May 1915, making it the oldest RAF base. Originally established for theRoyal Flying Corps, it has the longest history of continuous use of any RAF airfield. Before the outbreak of theSecond World War, the station was the first to take delivery of theHawker Hurricane. The station played a key role during theBattle of Britain, when fighters from several of its units, includingNo. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron, engaged enemy aircraft as part of the defence of London. It became the first base to have squadrons operatingSupermarine Spitfire aircraft withinGerman airspace.

During the construction of Heathrow Airport, Northolt was used for commercial civil flights, becoming the busiest airport in Europe for a time and a major base forBritish European Airways. More recently the station has become the hub of British military flying operations in the London area. Northolt has been extensively redeveloped since 2006 to accommodate these changes, becoming home to theBritish Forces Post Office, which moved to a newly constructed headquarters and sorting office on the site. Units currently based at RAF Northolt areNo. 32 (The Royal) Squadron, theKing's Colour Squadron,600 (City of London) Squadron, No 1 Aeronautical Information Documents Unit, theAir Historical Branch and theCentral Band of the RAF.

History

[edit]

Construction

[edit]

FollowingLouis Blériot's first flight across theEnglish Channel in 1909, theBritish Army considered the necessity of defending the United Kingdom from a future air attack. By May 1910,Claude Grahame-White and other aviation pioneers were flying from the flat areas aroundRuislip, although they soon sought an aerodrome for London, which was eventually built atHendon. A proposal was made in 1912 for the area around where RAF Northolt now stands to be developed as "Harrow Aerodrome". The company established to develop the site was listed on theLondon Stock Exchange but the idea did not progress any further.[8]: 13 

The outbreak of theFirst World War necessitated a new aerodrome for the Royal Flying Corps. The Corps had received theRoyal Warrant on 13 April 1912, whereupon MajorSefton Brancker of theWar Office conducted aerial surveys in 1914 of Glebe Farm inIckenham, and Hundred Acres Farm and Down Barnes Farm in Ruislip, looking for the most effective operating base for new squadrons. He settled on a site near Northolt Junction railway station; in January 1915 the government requisitioned the land. It is rumoured that the government official tasked with acquiring the land arrived at the site with his map upside down, leading to the government requisitioning and developing land on the wrong side of the railway line,[8]: 16  including the old Hill Farm.[9]

Easterly view of the aerodrome in 1917

Construction of the new aerodrome, to be named "RFC Military School, Ruislip", began in January 1915. It opened on 3 May 1915, becoming known as Northolt and home to No. 4 Reserve Aeroplane Squadron which relocated fromFarnborough. Most early RAF airfields were named after the nearest railway station, in this case Northolt Junction, later named Northolt Halt and nowSouth Ruislip station; so the airfield became "Northolt" despite being in neighbouring South Ruislip. In the same year the airfield was extended westwards, and aircraft began flying sorties in defence of London againstZeppelin raids.No. 18 Squadron was formed in the same month as Northolt and equipped with Bleriot Experimental biplanes, whose slow speed led to heavy losses in combat with the GermanFliegertruppe.[8]: 16 

In 1916,No. 43 Squadron was formed under the command of MajorSholto Douglas. Aircraft equipping the squadron included theSopwith 1½ Strutter, built by theFairey Aviation company, then inHayes. The Strutter made its first test flight from Northolt in 1916 withHarry Hawker at the controls.[8]: 20  Fairey conducted test flights at Northolt from 1917 until 1928 when theAir Ministry gave the company notice to vacate the aerodrome.[10] Flights later resumed from theGreat West Aerodrome owned by Fairey inHarmondsworth, which was eventually developed as Heathrow Airport.[8]: 32  No. 43 Squadron went on to fly sorties over France from 17 January 1917, taking part in theBattle of Vimy Ridge between 4 and 8 April 1917.[8]: 21 

No. 600 Squadron andNo. 601 Squadron of the fledglingRoyal Auxiliary Air Force were formed at Northolt in 1925 under the command ofSquadron LeaderLord Edward Grosvenor. Both squadrons were deployed toRAF Hendon in 1927, although 600 Squadron returned in 1939. ThePrince of Wales, later King Edward VIII and subsequently theDuke of Windsor, made his first flight in aBristol F.2 Fighter from Northolt on 27 April 1929.[8]: 41 

Second World War and the Battle of Britain

[edit]
303 Polish Squadron pilots (May 1942, RAF Northolt)[a]

Northolt became an active base during the Second World War for Royal Air Force andPolish Air Force squadrons in their defence of the United Kingdom. It was the first RAF station to operate the Hawker Hurricane, withNo. 111 Squadron receiving the first four aircraft in December 1937,[11] and reaching its full complement by February 1938.[12] In the lead-up to war, the RAF implemented a policy of adding concrete runways to important airfields; by 1939 Northolt had a new 800-by-50-yard (732 by 46 m) concrete runway.[13]: 37  Later in 1939 RAF Hendon became one of its satellite airfields.[13]: 58  Polish pilots were taught English atRAF Uxbridge, where they also practised formation flying using tricycles with radios, compasses and speed indicators.[8]: 58 

On 15 September 1940 during theBattle of Britain, No. 1 SquadronRCAF,No. 229 Squadron,No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron,No. 504 Squadron, and part ofNo. 264 Squadron were based at the station, all under the control ofNo. 11 Group RAF, headquartered at RAF Uxbridge.[12] All flew Hawker Hurricanes except No. 264 Squadron's contingent, which operated theBoulton Paul Defiant. During the Battle of Britain, Polish 303 Squadron was the highest scoring Hurricane Sqd in Fighter Command, with its Czech pilot SergeantJosef František becoming the fourth highest scoring RAF "ace" during the battle.[11] TheLuftwaffe bombed the airfield in August 1940 as well as other sector airfields in the area, includingBiggin Hill,Hornchurch andNorth Weald, as part of a concentrated effort against the airfields and sector stations of No. 11 Group RAF.[12] A total of 4,000 bombs were recorded as falling within two miles (3 km) of the airfield over a fifteen-month period, although only two were recorded as hitting the airfield itself.[14] Under the leadership of the station commander,Group CaptainStanley Vincent, the airfield was camouflaged to resemble civil housing. Vincent had been concerned that camouflaging the airfield as open land would look too suspicious from the air; Northolt was surrounded by housing and so a large open area would draw attention. A fake stream was painted across the main runway while the hangars were decorated to look like houses and gardens.[15] The result was so effective that pilots flying to Northolt from other airfields often struggled to find it.[8]: 52 

ThePolish War Memorial near RAF Northolt

ThirtyAllied airmen including servicemen from Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand, Poland and the United Kingdom were killed flying from RAF Northolt during the Battle of Britain, of whom ten were Polish.[8]: 7  ThePolish War Memorial dedicated to all Polish airmen who lost their lives during the Second World War, stands near the southeastern corner of the airfield. Its name is also commemorated at the adjacent eponymous junction onWestern Avenue.[16]

Squadrons based at RAF Northolt during the battle shot down a total of 148 Luftwaffe aircraft and damaged 52. A further 25 were claimed by pilots and recorded as "probables".[8]: 67  Group Captain Vincent became one of the few RAF airmen to shoot down an enemy aircraft in both World Wars. He was a long-serving RAF man who had claimed an aerial victory over theWestern Front in the First World War. By the time of the Battle of Britain he was too old for operational flying. Nevertheless, he took to the skies during one raid and brought down a German aircraft.[13]: 50–51 

Group CaptainStanley Vincent brought down a German aircraft while serving as station commander in 1940

After the Battle of Britain, the station remained a base for daytime fighter operations, withNo. 302 Polish Fighter Squadron,No. 229 Squadron andNo. 615 Squadron all arriving before 3 November 1940.No. 308 Polish Fighter Squadron andNo. 306 Polish Fighter Squadron later joined No. 303 during 1941 to form the No. 1 Polish Fighter Wing. Polish Fighter Squadrons based at Northolt in 1942 took part inOperation Jubilee (theraid on Dieppe) on 19 August alongside Nos. 302 and 308 from nearbyRAF Heston. Reconnaissance squadronsNo. 16 Squadron andNo. 140 Squadron operating Supermarine Spitfires andde Havilland Mosquitos moved to Northolt in 1944.No. 69 Squadron with theirVickers Wellingtons modified for photographic reconnaissance arrived later. All three reconnaissance squadrons were combined to form No. 34 (PR) Wing.[8]: 72 

In 1943, the station became the first to fly sorties usingSupermarine Spitfires (Mk IXs) in German airspace in support of bomber operations.[17] On 25 March,RAF Ferry Command becameRAF Transport Command and thereafter used Northolt as a London base for the transfer of new aircraft from factories to airfields. Runway 26/08 was extended in February that year to accommodate the larger transport aircraft required by the Command. Northolt continued as a Sector Fighter Station until February 1944. As a result of this and the new larger runway, the smaller 02/20 runway closed in April 1944.[8]: 71–72 

RAF Northolt became home to Prime MinisterWinston Churchill's personal aircraft, a modifiedDouglas C-54 Skymaster, in June 1944. The aircraft was used to fly him to meetings with other Allied leaders.[8]: 74  Between 20 and 21 July 1944, a convertedConsolidated B-24 Liberator bomber named "Marco Polo" made the first non-stop intercontinental flight, flying from London to Washington, DC, then returning to Northolt fromLa Guardia Airport within 18 hours. In November of the same year, anAvro York flew non-stop from Northolt to Cairo in 10 hours and 25 minutes. A new runway, 31/13, was surveyed the following month and built in March 1946.[8]: 75 

Post-war civil and military use

[edit]

Starting in 1946 the airfield was used by civil aviation during the construction of nearby Heathrow Airport.[11] During this period, Northolt became a major base forBritish European Airways (BEA), which used the nearby Bourne School as its headquarters.[8]: 77  Other airlines includingAer Lingus,Alitalia,Scandinavian Airlines System andSwissair used the airfield for scheduled services across Europe.[8]: 77 

In December 1946, after taking off during a heavy snowstorm, aDouglas Dakota 3 operated byRailway Air Services, flying from Northolt toGlasgow,crashed onto the roof of a house inSouth Ruislip. All the crew and passengers escaped unharmed by climbing through the loft of the house and leaving via the front door.[8]: 79  No residents were injured, even though the owner of the house next door was standing at her front gate when the aircraft came down. The owners of the house had not moved in at the time of the crash as they were due to be married a few days later. The house was later named "Dakota Rest", and still stands today.[18]

In June 1951, BEA introduced helicopter services toHay Mills Rotor Station in Birmingham and to London Heathrow, operated by a pair ofWestland-Sikorsky S51s.[19][20]

311 hangar at RAF Northolt was used for the opening sequence in the 1983Bond filmOctopussy

During 1952 a total of 50,000 air movements were recorded, making the airfield the busiest in Europe.[17] By then the only scheduled airlines were BEA and Aer Lingus. The RAF maintained a presence throughout its use by civil airlines, making it the longest continuously used airfield in the history of the Royal Air Force.[8]: 79  En route from Northolt toDublin, on 10 January 1952, a civilDouglas C-47 Skytrain operated by Aer Lingus and named "St. Kevin" flew into an area of extreme turbulence caused by amountain wave generated bySnowdon. As a result, the plane crashed into a peat bog nearLlyn Gwynant inSnowdonia, killing all 20 passengers and three crew in the company's first fatal accident.[21]

Civil flights ceased when the central area at Heathrow opened in 1954 with Northolt reverting to sole military use in May that year.[8]: 80  Northolt's operations became constrained by its proximity to the new much larger civil airport at Heathrow.[8]: 90  No. 1 Aeronautical Information Documents Unit (AIDU) moved to the station in 1956 from the neighbouringRAF West Ruislip station.[11] The unit had been established in 1953 to provide information on airfields, communications and navigational aids for the benefit of aircraft safety. AIDU was originally under the command of RAF Transport Command but this was moved to Home Command in March 1957.[8]: 85 

On 1 June 1960, anAvro Anson aircraft suffered engine failure soon after take-off from Northolt and crash-landed on top of the nearbyExpress Dairies plant in South Ruislip. There were no fatalities.[8]: 90  Later that year, on 25 October, aPan AmBoeing 707, heading for Heathrow, mistakenly landed at Northolt with forty-one passengers on board.[22][8]: 89  ALufthansa Boeing 707 also attempted to land at the station on 28 April 1964 but was dissuaded by a red signal flare fired by personnel from Air Traffic Control. In the days before navigational aids such asinstrument landing systems (ILS) and theglobal positioning system (GPS) were available, the lettersNO (for Northolt) andLH (for Heathrow) were painted on twogasometers on the approach to each airfield, one atSouthall for the approach to Heathrow's diagonal runway (coded 23L) and one at South Harrow for the approach to Northolt's runway (then coded 26), in an effort to prevent a recurrence of such errors.[8]: 90  By the 1980s movements of privately owned aircraft, mainly corporate jets, outnumbered military aircraft. Civil flights were limited to 28 per day,[23] with a maximum of 7,000 a year. This limit remained in force in 2008.[24]

Spitfire gate guardian pictured in 1973, later restored and moved to Florida

Northolt received its firstgate guardian, a Spitfire F.Mk 22, in September 1963. Purchased from the RAF in 1969 for use in the filmBattle of Britain, it was replaced by a Spitfire Mk XVI on 2 June 1970. This aircraft remained at the station until its removal on 8 September 1989 for restoration to full flying condition. TheKermit Weeks'Fantasy of Flight Museum inPolk City, Florida, purchased the aircraft whereupon the station received afibreglass replica of a Spitfire Mk IX as a replacement.[8]: 108 

Servicing ofNo. 32 Squadron passed from the RAF to the private company Fields Aviation Services in April 1985, then to Lovaux Aircraft Servicing in 1990. In 1991, the Station Flight was established, taking delivery of twoBritten-Norman Islanders in December which entered service in January 1992.[8]: 99  No. 32 Squadron celebrated itsDiamond Jubilee in 1991, at a time when personnel became involved in operations during theGulf War.No. 38 Group RAF assumed control of RAF Northolt on 2 November 1992 following a wider restructuring of the RAF. On 16 December 1994, the new southside Operations Building opened, replacing the old Northolt Airport Terminal building. With the reorganisation ofRAF Strike Command on 1 April 2000, No. 38 Group was disbanded and Northolt came under the control ofNo. 2 Group RAF.[8]: 102 

Modern use

[edit]

In August 1996, a SpanishLearjet operated by Mar Aviation overshot runway 25 and collided with a van heading eastward on theA40 Western Avenue; the aircraft was carrying an actress bound forPinewood Studios inBuckinghamshire. The two pilots, the actress and van driver all suffered minor injuries.[25] The ensuing investigation by theCivil Aviation Authority'sAir Accidents Investigation Branch found that both the crew's lack of understanding English and military air traffic control procedures had contributed significantly to the crash. Subsequently, after some thirty years of protracted consideration, an ILS was eventually fitted to Northolt's redefined Runway 25. In addition,aggregate-filled safety pits were installed at each end of the runway by 21 January 1998 to protect road users in the event of anotherbusiness jet or military transport failing to stop or ascend before the end of the runway.[8]: 107  TheHouse of CommonsTransport Select Committee considered the conversion of RAF Northolt to a possible offshoot of Heathrow Airport in the 1990s. While the existing runways would cause aircraft to cross the flight paths of those using Heathrow, new parallel runways were suggested.[26] These suggestions were opposed by thenMP forRuislip-Northwood,John Wilkinson, and eventually progressed no further.[27]

BAe 146 of 32 (The Royal) Squadron in 2013

Much media attention focused on the airfield when the body ofDiana, Princess of Wales, arrived there fromVillacoublay airfield, in Paris, France, afterher death in a car crash in the city on 31 August 1997.[28] TheQueen's Colour Squadron, then based at neighbouring RAF Uxbridge, acted as the bearer party, while the flight was met by theprime ministerTony Blair, thelord chamberlain,Lord Lieutenant of Greater London,secretary of state for defence, the RAF Northolt station commander and the RAF chaplain-in-chief.[8]: 92 

Attention was high again in 2001 whenRonnie Biggs, the seriously ill, fugitiveGreat Train Robber, was flown from Brazil to the airfield to be arrested by waiting police officers. Biggs had escaped from custody in 1965; upon his return he was taken toBelmarsh Prison to complete the remainder of his sentence.[29]

Since 1 June 1998, station commanders have served asaides-de-camp to the Queen.[8]: 93  The station received the Freedom of Entry to theLondon Borough of Hillingdon on 11 May 2000. This allowed military personnel to march through the borough in full uniform, an honour granted by the council in light of 2000 being the 60th anniversary of the Battle of Britain and the 85th anniversary of the opening of RAF Northolt. The neighbouring RAF Uxbridge station had received the same honour in 1960.[8]: 121 

The remains of a Hawker Hurricane flown by Flying OfficerLudwik Witold Paszkiewicz, the first pilot in No. 303 Squadron to shoot down an enemy aircraft, were donated to the station in June 2008. During the Battle of Britain, Paszkiewicz became a flying ace and received theDistinguished Flying Cross after shooting down six aircraft. He was killed in action overBorough Green in Kent on 27 September 1940.[30] No. 303 Squadron recorded its 100th kill less than a month after commencing operations.[31] Polish pilot Squadron LeaderFranciszek Kornicki, who saw wartime service at RAF Northolt, was reunited with the Supermarine Spitfire he had flown at a special ceremony in September 2010.[32]

An additional memorial to British, Polish, Australian and New Zealand aircrew killed during the Battle of Britain was unveiled in September 2010.[33] In October that year, the hangar which had housed Churchill's personal aircraft, the former Squadron Watch office, and the Operations Block were given Grade IIlisted building status.[34] The Operations Block was a prototype of the "Dowding system", which facilitated the chain of command's issuance of orders for the interception of enemy aircraft and a scheme used for the first time during the Battle of Britain. Prior to the listing, the block was renamed the SirKeith Park Building on 20 September in honour of the former No. 11 Group RAF commander who had also served as station commander at Northolt between 1931 and 1932.[35] RAF Northolt is the only airfield used in the Battle of Britain still operated by the RAF.[36]

Aerial view, 2024

In January 2012 it was reported that the future of the station was under review by the Ministry of Defence as part of efforts to reduce defence spending.[37] A proposed use has been as a satellite of Heathrow Airport, although a Ministry of Defence spokesman described that as unlikely.[38]

FourEurofighter Typhoon aircraft arrived at the station fromRAF Coningsby on 2 May 2012 to take part in a security exercise as part of preparations for the2012 Summer Olympics. During the Games, the aircraft were deployed to the station to provide air superiority protection for London, in conjunction with other security measures by the British Armed Forces.[39] The presence of the aircraft during the Olympics became the first time fighter aircraft had been stationed at RAF Northolt since the Second World War.[40] The Typhoons left Northolt on 16 August following the conclusion of the Olympics.[41]

The overnight base of theLondon Air Ambulance moved to RAF Northolt fromDenham Aerodrome in February 2013.[42] The flying time from the station to its daytime base at theRoyal London Hospital inWhitechapel is three minutes shorter than from Denham, which also provides savings for the Air Ambulance charity.[43]

In April 2013 the Ministry of Defence announced a proposal to increase the number of private flights from 7,000 to 12,000 per year as part of plans to increase the income generated by the airfield. The number of flights would be limited to 40 per day, and the increase would be phased in over three years to 2016.[44]

On 13 September 2022, QueenElizabeth II's coffin arrived at Northolt fromEdinburgh Airport, after which it was taken by road toBuckingham Palace. The flight was welcomed by a party including the Prime MinisterLiz Truss and the Secretary of State for DefenceBen Wallace. An RAF bearer party formed by The Queen's Colour Squadron transferred the coffin from the aircraft to the hearse.[45]

Project MoDEL redevelopment

[edit]
The redeveloped main entrance in 2011

TheMinistry of Defence launchedProject MoDEL (Ministry of Defence Estates London) in 2006 to consolidate many of its London-based operations at RAF Northolt. Under the project,RAF Bentley Priory,[46] RAF Uxbridge,[47] RAF West Ruislip,[48]RAF Eastcote[49] and theInglis Barracks inMill Hill were all closed between 2006 and 2010 with any remaining units transferring to Northolt.[47] The Air Historical Branch, originally established in 1919 to provide a record of air activity during the First World War, was also relocated to RAF Northolt from RAF Bentley Priory in 2008 as part of this project.[50] As a result, the station has been extensively redeveloped with new facilities to support these operations.[51]

The statue, Letter from Home, of a First World War soldier reading a letter was moved from outside Inglis Barracks in Mill Hill to RAF Northolt in June 2007. It is a replica of the statue atPaddington Station and was first unveiled in 1982.[52] Following the relocation of theBritish Forces Post Office and Defence Courier Service from Mill Hill,[53] a new headquarters and main sorting facility were built for their use which opened in November 2007.[54] New hangar facilities for the use of No. 32 Squadron were also constructed, along with new personnel accommodation.[55]

The original 1920s Officers' Mess was refurbished as part of the work,[56] which also saw the relocation of the replica Supermarine Spitfire gate guardian to the passenger terminal, and the unveiling of a new replica Hawker Hurricane gate guardian near the eastern station entrance in September 2010, commemorating the aircrew based at Northolt who had fought in the Battle of Britain.[57]

Upon the closure of RAF Uxbridge, control of theBattle of Britain Bunker passed to RAF Northolt to allow continued public visits.[58] In December 2010 it was agreed that the South Hillingdon branch of theSt. John Ambulance service would move from its existing base in RAF Uxbridge to new premises at Northolt.[59]

The station's new police dog section, featuring kennels and a quarantine building, opened in February 2012, marking the completion of building work.[60]

Runway resurfacing

[edit]

In October 2018, a £23 million contract to resurface Northolt's runway was awarded to Lagan Aviation & Infrastructure as the main contractor, andMott MacDonald in a support role.[61]

The runway closed and work began on 15 April 2019. No. 32 (The Royal) Squadron fixed wing flight relocated toRAF Benson in Oxfordshire, whilst civilian aircraft used alternative civilian airports. Helicopters continued to operate from Northolt during the construction work.[62] The first landing on the resurfaced runway was on 9 October 2019.[63] The runway underwent testing as part of the recommissioning process before officially reopening on 1 November 2019 with commercial operations scheduled to resume on 11 November 2019.[64]

Based units

[edit]

The following flying and notable non-flying units based at RAF Northolt:[65][66][67][68]

Royal Air Force

[edit]

No. 1 Group (Air Combat)

No. 2 Group (Air Combat Support)

Other

British Army

[edit]

Royal Logistic Corps

Strategic Command

[edit]

Defence Intelligence

Defence Equipment and Support

[edit]

Ministry of Defence

[edit]

Role and operations

[edit]

The station is organised into two wings, with a number of lodger units. Within the Operations Wing, the station housesNo. 32 (The Royal) Squadron RAF, and the Comms Fleet Force Headquarters.[69] No. 32 Squadron currently flies twoDassault Falcon 900LX (known as the Envoy IV CC1 in RAF service).[70]

The Support Wing of the station incorporates the Personnel Management Squadron, the Estates Management Squadron, the Station Management Squadron, the Force Development Squadron, Media and Communications, the Finance Department and Safety, Health and Environmental Protection. Its Operations Squadron, the Air Movements Squadron and the Airfield Support Squadron make up the station's Operations Wing.[69]

Lodger Units at Northolt include No. 600 Squadron Royal Auxiliary Air Force, 621 EOD SquadronRoyal Logistic Corps (part of11 Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Search Regiment RLC), No. 1 AIDU (Aeronautical Information Documents Unit), theCentral Band of the Royal Air Force, theService Prosecuting Authority, Naval Aeronautical Information Centre, the British Forces Post Office (BFPO), the Air Historical Branch and the Polish Records Office.[69]

2Excel Aviation operate twoPiper PA-31 Navajos under a civilian contract for the RAF following the sale in 2017 of RAF Northolt's Station Flight's twoBritten-Norman Islander CC.2s.[71][72] The Islanders had operated in electronic intelligence gathering, described by the RAF as performing "photographic mapping and light communications roles".[73]

Squadrons and aircraft

[edit]

Sources:Battle of Britain Airfields (1st Edition)[74] andA History of Royal Air Force Northolt[8]: 8–9 

UnitDatesAircraftVariantNotes
No. 1 Squadron RAFAugust–September 1940Hawker HurricaneI
No. 1 Squadron RCAFAugust–October 1940Hawker HurricaneIRenumbered No. 401 Squadron RCAF in 1941
No. 4 Squadron RAFFebruary–September 1919Royal Aircraft Factory RE 8Returned from operations in France as a cadre
No. 12 Squadron RAFApril 1923 – March 1924De Havilland DH.9AFormed at Northolt then moved toRAF Andover
No. 16 Squadron RAFApril–September 1944Supermarine SpitfireXI and XIMoved out to Normandy, France
No. 18 Squadron RFCMay–August 1915VariousFormed at Northolt then moved to Mousehold
No. 23 Squadron RAFDecember 1936 – May 1938Hawker Demon
No. 24 Squadron RAFJanuary 1927 – February 1933Variety of typesOperated eight different types of aircraft for communications and liaison duties
No. 25 Squadron RAFSeptember 1938 – October 1938Gloster GladiatorI
No. 32 Squadron RAFFebruary 1969 –Percival Pembroke
Bristol Sycamore
Beagle Basset
Hawker Siddeley Andover
Westland Whirlwind
British Aerospace 125
Westland Gazelle
BAe 146
AgustaWestland AW109
Dassault Falcon 900LX
Communications and liaison duties
No. 41 Squadron RAFApril 1923 – October 1935Sopwith Snipe
Armstrong Whitworth Siskin
Bristol Bulldog
Hawker Demon
7F.1
III & IIIA
105A Mk. IIa
I
Posted to theAden Protectorate during theAbyssinian crisis of 1935–36.
No. 43 Squadron RAFMay–September 1940Hawker HurricaneINot based but operated detachments fromRAF Tangmere
No. 65 Squadron RAFOctober 1939 – March 1940Supermarine SpitfireI
No. 69 Squadron RAFMay–September 1944Vickers WellingtonXIIIMoved out to Normandy, France
No. 111 Squadron RAFJuly 1934 – October 1939Bristol Bulldog
Gloster Gauntlet
Hawker Hurricane
No. 124 Squadron RAFJuly–September 1943Supermarine SpitfireVII
No. 140 Squadron RAFApril–September 1944De Havilland MosquitoIX and XVIMoved out to Normandy, France
No. 207 Squadron RAFFebruary 1969 – June 1984Beagle Basset
Hunting Pembroke
De Havilland Devon
Communication and liaison squadron
No. 213 Squadron RAFMarch 1937 – July 1937Gloster GauntletII
No. 229 Squadron RAFSeptember–December 1940Hawker HurricaneI
No. 253 Squadron RAFFebruary–May 1940Hawker HurricaneI
No. 257 Squadron RAFJuly–August 1940Hawker HurricaneI
No. 264 Squadron RAFAugust–October 1940Hawker HurricaneI
No. 302 Polish Fighter SquadronOctober–November 1940
December 1943 – March 1944
Hawker HurricaneIPolish-manned unit
No. 303 Polish Fighter SquadronJanuary–July 1941Supermarine SpitfireI, IIA and IIBPolish-manned unit
No. 306 Polish Fighter SquadronApril–October 1941Hawker Hurricane
Supermarine Spitfire
June 1942 – March 1943Supermarine SpitfireVB then IXPolish-manned unit
No. 308 Polish Fighter SquadronOctober–December 1943Supermarine SpitfireIIAPolish-manned unit
No. 315 Polish Fighter SquadronJuly 1941 – April 1942Supermarine SpitfireIIA, IIB and VBPolish-manned unit
No. 316 Polish Fighter SquadronDecember–April 1942
March–September 1943
Supermarine SpitfireVBPolish-manned unit
No. 317 Polish Fighter SquadronApril–June 1942
July–September 1942
September–December 1943
Supermarine SpitfireVB then IXPolish-manned unit
No. 515 Squadron RAFOctober 1942Boulton Paul DefiantIIFormed then moved to Heston
No. 600 Squadron RAFOctober 1925 – January 1927De Havilland DH.9AFormed at Northolt
August–October 1939
May–June 1940
Bristol BlenheimI
No. 601 Squadron RAFOctober 1925 – January 1927De Havilland DH.9AFormed at Northolt
December 1940 – May 1941Hawker HurricaneI, II
No. 604 Squadron RAFJanuary–May 1940Bristol BlenheimI
June–July 1940Gloster GladiatorI
No. 609 Squadron RAFMay–July 1940Supermarine SpitfireI
No. 615 Squadron RAFOctober–December 1940Hawker HurricaneI

In popular culture

[edit]

As it is near several film studios including those atPinewood, the airfield has been used to represent outside locations in a number of feature films. Scenes of theJames Bond filmsGoldfinger,Thunderball andOctopussy were all filmed at Northolt, and station personnel served as extras in theOctopussy hangar fly-through stunt scene.[8]: 101  The mini-seriesThe Winds of War andThe Bill and the BBC showsWaking the Dead,Doctor Who andRed Dwarf have all used Northolt to represent various fictional airfields.[8]: 101  In early 2010 the station was used for action scenes in the final episode of the conclusion of the BBC series ofAshes to Ashes.[75]

See also

[edit]
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References

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Notes

a^ Appearing in photograph, L-R: Sgt. Stasik,P/O Socha, P/O Kolecki, F/O Lipiński, F/OHorbaczewski, F/O Schmidt, F/Sgt Giermar (on the wing), Flt LtZumbach, Sqn Ldr Kołaczewski, Flt Lt Żak, F/Sgt Popek, F/OBieńkowski, F/O Kłosin, F/O Kolubiński, F/Sgt Karczmarz, F/Sgt Sochacki, F/Sgt Wojciechowski and on the propeller F/O Głowacki.

Citations

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    Ellwood, Tobias (12 March 2019)."RAF Northolt: Repairs and Maintenance: Written question – 228557".UK Parliament. Retrieved12 March 2019.
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Bibliography

  • Bowlt, Eileen, M. (1994)Ruislip Past. London: Historical PublicationsISBN 0-948667-29-X
  • Bowlt, Eileen. M. (1996)Ickenham and Harefield Past. London: Historical PublicationsISBN 0-948667-36-2
  • Bristow, Mark. (2005)A History of Royal Air Force Northolt. RAF Northolt: No. 1 AIDU
  • Cotter, Jarrod (2008).Royal Air Force celebrating 90 years.Stamford, UK:Key Publishing.ISBN 978-0-946219-11-7.
  • Edwards, Ron. (1987)Eastcote: From Village to Suburb. Uxbridge: London Borough of HillingdonISBN 0-907869-09-2
  • Jefford, C. G. (1988)Battle of Britain Airfields (1st ed.) Shrewsbury: Airlife PublishingISBN 1-85310-053-6
  • Sherwood, Philip. (1990)The History of Heathrow. Uxbridge: London Borough of HillingdonISBN 0-907869-27-0
  • Townsend Bickers, Richard. (1990)The Battle of Britain. London: Salamander BooksISBN 0-86101-477-4

Further reading

[edit]
  • Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore. (1984)Action Stations: Military Airfields of Greater London v. 8. London: Patrick StephensISBN 0-85059-585-1
  • Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore. (1986)Fight for the Sky: Stories of Wartime Fighter Pilots. London: Patrick StephensISBN 0-85059-749-8
  • Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore. (2004)Fighter Pilots in World War II: True Stories of Frontline Air Combat. London: Leo CooperISBN 1-84415-065-8

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