North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League
Abbreviation	D-NPL
Chairperson	Adam Goldwyn
Senate leader	Kathy Hogan
House leader	Zac Ista
Founded	1956 (1956)
Merger of	North Dakota Democratic Party andNonpartisan League
Headquarters	1325 23rd St S Suite B Fargo, ND 58103 46°51′37″N96°49′04″W / 46.860146°N 96.81786°W /46.860146; -96.81786
National affiliation	Democratic Party
Colors	Blue
North Dakota Senate	5 / 47 [1]
North Dakota House of Representatives	11 / 94 [2]
Election symbol
Website
demnpl.com
Politics of North Dakota Political parties Elections

TheNorth Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party (abbreviatedDemocratic-NPL or simplyD-NPL) is theNorth Dakota affiliate of the nationalDemocratic Party. It was formed by the 1956 merger of the state Democratic Party with theNonpartisan League; the state previously had a three-party political system. The D-NPL is one of only two state Democratic Party affiliates to have a different name from the central party, the other being the neighboringMinnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.

The party holds 5 seats in theNorth Dakota Senate, and 11 seats in theNorth Dakota House of Representatives.

The North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party has roots in theProgressive Era of American history. At the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, progressives – including lawyers, merchants, editors, and professors – joined both theRepublican Party, which had strong control of state politics, as well as the stateDemocratic Party, the progressive faction of which called itself "the party of the laborer and the farmer."^[3] Although they did not alter the control of the Republican Party during this era, progressives found support in the Norwegian-settled state, especially in the east.^[3] By 1906, progressive sympathies were growing in opposition to what most saw as complete control of state politics by the railway companies.^[3] The initial organization and calls for reform laid a foundation that would soon grow into a statewide socialist workers' movement that eventually spread throughout the Midwest.

The prewar decade was marked by a series of progressive successes, starting with progressive DemocratJohn Burke'selection asgovernor in 1906. RepublicanAlexander McKenzie's conservativepolitical machine still controlled the Senate, but the House of Representatives was filled with progressive Democrats and Republicans, who managed to introduce many anti-railroad bills despite staunch opposition by lobbyists. Progressive reforms and legislation were passed during this time, including adirect primary law, a joint resolution for a constitutional amendment for initiative and referendum power, apublic library commission law, and laws to enforce prohibition. Subsequent years would see the end of Alexander McKenzie and his Republican political machine. By 1908, the first State electoral primaries solidified his retirement. That year the Republican Party, free from McKenzie's conservative influence, crafted a progressive party platform. Progressive Democratic Governor John Burke enjoyed support of progressive Republicans.^[3]

North Dakota again demonstrated its progressive sympathies in 1912, when the state held the first United StatesPresidential Preference Primary on March 19.^[3] North Dakota Republicans favored progressive presidential candidateRobert M. La Follette overTheodore Roosevelt andWilliam Howard Taft. Though an angry Roosevelt formed theProgressive Party after losing the Republican nomination to Taft, he had little support from North Dakota, where many Progressives distrusted his backers,George Walbridge Perkins of theJ. P. Morgan group andInternational Harvester. Because of such opposition,Woodrow Wilson carried the state in November. RepublicanLouis B. Hanna was elected governor in 1912 and 1914. Once in office, he and his legislative allies halted the creation of a state-operated grain elevator, which may have convinced progressives to unite in 1915.^[3]

WhenArthur C. Townley came toBismarck, North Dakota, in 1915, he saw strife between a conservative legislature and farmers' interest groups. With his background in organizing farmers for theSocialist Party (socialist activity had begun in North Dakota in 1900 when Arthur Basset organized a socialist club in Fargo^[3]), Townley brought his expertise to North Dakota.^[4] He knew that with the recent strife in Bismarck between a conservative legislature and theAmerican Society of Equity and its farm following, the time was ripe for a political revolution. Townley resolved to organize the farmers so that they could control the primaries, whether it be Republicans or Democrats or both. This was the organization of theFarmers Nonpartisan League (later called the National Nonpartisan League). Townley organized the farmers of the state together for united action in nominating at the primaries and electing at the polls the men of their own choosing and men who would carry out their programs.^[4]

The method of organization was simple, scientific and successful. Organizers carefully went forth in ever increasing numbers to sell the idea to the farmers and to get their support for the new movement. The league grew quickly. The first members were pledged in February 1915. Before midsummer, there were 10,000 members, and before winter set in, there were 26,000 names enrolled.^[4]

The Nonpartisan League membership pledge was $2.50 a year; it later rose to $9 a year. The goals of the league were to use their collective best efforts to secure the nomination and election of men for office within the state who would support legislation to save millions of dollars each year for farmers.^[4]

The League program consisted of five planks:

1. State-owned and operated elevators, flour mills, and packing plants
2. State hail insurance
3. Exemption of farm improvements from taxation
4. Fair grain grades, based upon milling and baking values
5. Rural credits at cost

Each was designed to remedy what the farmers conceived as an abuse, and each was to lower the cost of producing and marketing grain.^[4]

The determination of the league fulfilled their pledge and many of their planks passed legislation. The growth of far-left sympathies was on the rise in North Dakota. The Socialists had considerable success. They brought in many outside speakers;Eugene V. Debs spoke at a largeantiwar rally at Garrison in 1915. By 1912, there were 175 Socialist locals in the state. Rugby and Hillsboro elected Socialist mayors. The party established a weekly paper, theIconoclast, inMinot, North Dakota.^[3]

Throughout the decades, the League pushed for the establishments of state-operated mills, elevators, and banks. The state was not entirely isolationist, just as it was neither entirely liberal nor entirely conservative. By 1952, the Nonpartisan League was itself divided.

Two factions divided the traditionally liberal Nonpartisan League: on one side the insurgents, on the other, the old guard.^[3] Those that called themselves insurgents aligned liberally with pro-farmers' union, pro-organized labor, and pro-Democratic party groups. The insurgents wanted to take the league into the Democratic Party. In 1952, the insurgents formed the Volunteers for Stevenson Committee, to help elect then Democratic CandidateAdlai Stevenson. To the contrary the members of the old guard, also known as theCapitol Crowd, were more conservative, anti-farmers' union, anti-labor, and pro-Republican segment of the league, these members wanted to keep the Nonpartisan League in the Republican Party; they supportedDwight D. Eisenhower in the 1952 presidential race. Over the next four years legislative polarization grew and the Nonpartisan League eventually split in two; in 1956 North Dakota was fundamentally realigned into a two-party system. That year, the Nonpartisan League finally moved into the Democratic Party, and all Republicans joined in one organization. Two statewide parties vied for the votes of North Dakota citizens. Creation of the Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party was codified in March during the League Convention; 173 to 3 voted yes to file candidates in the Democratic column. The new party introduced a full slate of candidates for state office and adopted a liberal platform that included the repeal of theTaft–Hartley Act, creation of a $1.25 an hourminimum wage, and a graduatedland tax on property worth $20,000 or more. Two months later in May 1956 the Democratic Convention accepted the Nonpartisan League's candidates and adopted its platform. Republicans in North Dakota also united after conservative supports broke away from the league.^[3]

The Executive Committee of the NPL still formally exists within the party structure of the North Dakota Democratic–NPL. It was at one point headed by former State Senator"Buckshot" Hoffner (D-NPL, Esmond), Chairman, and former Lt. GovernorLloyd Omdahl, Secretary.

Although the Democratic Party was still the minority, the number of Democrats in the state legislature increased greatly. Before the league moved into the Democratic Party, there were only five Democrats among the 162 members of both houses of the legislature in 1955. In 1957, the number grew to 28. By 1959, the numbers continued to grow reaching 67, despite dropping to 62 members in 1961. Nevertheless, for the first time in history, North Dakota was becoming a two-party state.^[3]

North Dakota has one of the lowest unemployment rates of all 50 states.^[5] TheNonpartisan League laid a foundation of enrichedpublic ownership and responsibility in such institutions as a state bank. One study has drawn conclusions that publicly operated institutions such as the state bank have helped North Dakota weather economic storms.^[6]

TheBank of North Dakota was created to address market failures associated with monopoly power among large financial and business institutions in the early twentieth century. This market power meant that small farming operations had inadequate access to credit. One of the goals of the Nonpartisan League was to remedy limited access to credit by establishing this institution. A measure of the public good brought about by the Bank's establishment that still stands today is what some have identified as the Bank's role in reducing the impact of economic recession. The public-private relationship establishes roles assigned according to what each sector does best, allowing the mutual benefit of public and private banks balancing out inequality and building equality, thus creating an economic safety net for North Dakota citizens. These early roots of the Democratic-Nonpartisan League party have been celebrated for establishing a foundation that rights the state in times of national crisis and provides economic security to generations of the state's farmers.

• Senate Minority Leader:Kathy Hogan
• Assistant Senate Minority Leader:Josh Boschee
• Senate Minority Caucus Chair:Ryan Braunberger
• House Minority Leader:Zac Ista
• Assistant House Minority Leader:Gretchen Dobervich
• House Minority Caucus Chair:Jayme Davis

As of the 69th session of theNorth Dakota Legislative Assembly (2024-2026), the Democratic–NPL Party has a total of 11 House members.

The 11 members are as follows:^[2]

The five members of theNorth Dakota Senate are as follows:^[1]

• 1959–1960Quentin Burdick

• 1965–1967Rolland W. Redlin
• 1971–1973Arthur A. Link

• 1981–1992Byron Dorgan
• 1993–2011Earl Pomeroy

• 1960–1992Quentin N. Burdick
• 1992Jocelyn Burdick
• 1992–2013Kent Conrad
• 2013–2019Heidi Heitkamp

• 1987–1992Kent Conrad
• 1992–2011Byron Dorgan

North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party gubernatorial election results

Election	Gubernatorial candidate/ticket	Votes	Vote %	Result
1956	Wallace E. Warner	104,869	41.54%	LostN
1958	John F. Lord	98,763	46.90%	LostN
1960	William L. Guy	136,148	49.44%	WonY
1962	William L. Guy	115,258	50.44%	WonY
1964	William L. Guy	146,414	55.74%	WonY
1968	William L. Guy	135,955	54.82%	WonY
1972	Arthur A. Link	143,899	51.04%	WonY
1976	Arthur A. Link/Wayne Sanstead	153,309	51.58%	WonY
1980	Arthur A. Link/Wayne Sanstead	140,391	46.39%	LostN
1984	George A. Sinner/Ruth Meiers	173,922	55.32%	WonY
1988	George A. Sinner/Lloyd Omdahl	179,094	59.88%	WonY
1992	Nicholas Spaeth/Julie Hill	123,845	40.62%	LostN
1996	Lee Kaldor/Barbara Pyle	89,349	33.81%	LostN
2000	Heidi Heitkamp/Aaron Krauter	130,144	44.97%	LostN
2004	Joe Satrom/Deb Mathern	84,877	27.39%	LostN
2008	Tim Mathern/Merle Boucher	74,279	23.53%	LostN
2012	Ryan Taylor/Ellen Chaffee	109,048	34.31%	LostN
2016	Marvin Nelson/Joan Heckaman	65,855	19.39%	LostN
2020	Shelley Lenz/Ben Vig	90,789	25.38%	LostN
2024	Merrill Piepkorn/Patrick Hart	94,043	25.98%	LostN

• Fargo:Tim Mahoney

• List of political parties in North Dakota
• Politics of North Dakota
• North Dakota Republican Party – North Dakota affiliate of theRepublican Party
• Political party strength in North Dakota

• North Dakota Democratic-NPL website

• Democratic Party (United States) by state
• Political parties in North Dakota
• Political parties established in 1956
• 1956 establishments in North Dakota
• North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party
• State and local socialist parties in the United States
• Socialism in North Dakota
• Progressivism in the United States
• Liberalism in the United States

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