| Nissan Pulsar | |
|---|---|
_(cropped).jpg) 2014 Nissan Pulsar (C13) | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Nissan |
| Production | 1978–2005 2014–2018 2016–present (China) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Subcompact car (1978–1995) Compact car (1995–2005, 2014–2018) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Nissan Cherry |
| Successor | Nissan AD/Wingroad (station wagon) Nissan Bluebird Sylphy Nissan Tiida |
TheNissan Pulsar (Japanese:日産・パルサー,Hepburn:Nissan Parusā) is a line of automobiles produced by the Japanese automakerNissan from 1978 until 2000, when it was replaced by theNissan Bluebird Sylphy in the Japanese market.
Between 2000 and 2005, the name "Pulsar" has been used in Australia and New Zealand on rebadged versions of the Sylphy. This arrangement continued until the introduction of theNissan Tiida (C11) in 2005; at this time the Pulsar name was retired. In 2013, Nissan replaced the Tiida in Australia and New Zealand with two new models badged as Pulsar. These were based on theSylphy (B17) sedan andTiida (C12) hatchback, the latter also sold in Thailand under the Pulsar name. In 2014, a European-only replacement for the Tiida was introduced using the Pulsar nameplate.
The original Pulsar was a hatchback to be sold exclusively at a different Nissan Japan dealership network calledNissan Cherry Store as a larger five-door hatchback alternative to theNissan Cherry. Although Pulsar models were front-wheel drive from introduction, Nissan did offerfour-wheel drive as an option on select models internationally.
The Pulsar sold in Japan originally served as the intermediate model offered at Nissan dealershipsNissan Cherry Store between theNissan Violet and the Cherry, while different versions of the Pulsar sold at other Japanese networks served as the base model, with other larger Nissan products. Various Pulsar-based models were exported as international market conditions dictated, sometimes labeled as "Sunny", "Cherry" or "Sentra", while the internationally labeled product was actually a Pulsar and not a Japanese market Sunny or Cherry.
The name "Pulsar" is taken frompulsar (portmanteau of pulsating star), a highly magnetized, rotatingneutron star.
| N10, N11 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Also called | Datsun 100A/120A/130A/140A/150A Datsun 310 (US) Datsun Cherry (Europe) Datsun Pulsar Nissan Langley |
| Production | May 1978 – April 1982 |
| Assembly |
|
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Layout | Transverse front-engine, front-wheel-drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,395 mm (94.3 in) |
| Length | 3,890–3,940 mm (153.1–155.1 in) |
| Width | 1,620 mm (63.8 in) |
| Height | 1,360 mm (53.5 in) |
| Curb weight | 840 kg (1,852 lb) |
The N10 model Pulsar, introduced in May 1978, replaced the earlierCherry F-II internationally, and benefited from the engineering efforts of thePrince Motor Company which developed the Nissan Cherry before the company merged with Nissan in 1966. It retained therack-and-pinion steering of the Cherry, as well as the independent suspension withcoilover struts in front and coil sprungtrailing arms at the rear.[1] The Pulsar was asubcompact car to augment the Sunny sedan. The Sunny and the Pulsar ranges were sold at different Nissan Japan dealerships, calledNissan Satio Shop for the Sunny, andNissan Cherry Shop for the Pulsar.
It retained the Cherry name in Europe and many other export markets, even being sold as the "Cherry Europe" in some markets such as Belgium to separate it from the Cherry F-II which remained on sale for a while. The "Cherry"-badged version was first introduced at the DutchAutoRAI show in February 1979 and went on sale shortly thereafter.[2] An unusual styling feature for the car was its long nose, which was due to Nissan envisaging that the car would also be built with a longitudinal rear-wheel-drive layout for developing markets; however, only front-wheel-drive models were actually built. At the time of introduction, the Pulsar only had a four-doorfastback-styled sedan bodywork, and either a 1.2- or a 1.4-liter engine.[1] The three-door and coupé hatchbacks arrived in September 1978. Many export markets also offered a 1.0-liter (A10) option, with 45 PS (33 kW) while the 1.2-liter A12 offered 52 PS (38 kW).[3] This was the first passenger car Nissan assembled in their new Greek plant, where local partner TEOKAR built it with the 1.0 and 1.2-liter engines from 1980 on.[4]
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This model was known as the Datsun Cherry or Datsun 100A/120A/130A/140A/150A in Europe and most of Asia, and the Datsun 310 in the US and Canada. It was exported to Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, andMalaysia with the Datsun Pulsar name. It entered the Australian market in October 1980, with the facelift arriving in October 1981.[5] In New Zealand the facelift model was locally assembled from late 1981, effectively replacing the previous generation100A which was built and sold locally in the mid-1970s. The Datsun Pulsar was also locally assembled in South Africa and in Malaysia byTan Chong Motor.[6] Some late South African Pulsars use the square Skyline-style head- and taillights from the Langley, including on the well-equipped Pulsar Panache model.
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Another Pulsar derivative was introduced to Japan, called theNissan Langley, from 1980, and was introduced as a "miniSkyline", and exclusive toNissan Prince Shop. The Japanese-market Langley assumed duties of the first generation, Sunny-based coupe called theNissan Silvia when the second generation Silvia was upgraded to the largerNissan Violet platform; both the Silvia and the Langley remained exclusive toNissan Prince Store locations. The Langley was given its name fromSamuel Pierpont Langley the inventor of thebolometer, a device used to measure electromagnetic radiation from the Sun, and was well regarded for his work insolar physics. Because of its sporting intentions, the Langley was equipped with an independent suspension at all four wheels, usingMacPherson struts in the front, and atrailing arm coil suspension for the rear. The engine choices consisted of the A14 and E15 series engines with multi-point fuel injection on top level trim packages, but only in a three-door hatchback.
The N10 series Pulsar was available as a three- or five-doorhatchback, a short-lived four-door fastbacksedan, a five-doorvan orstation wagon, and a three-door fastback-styled coupé with a wraparound rear window introduced at the end of 1978. The van was first released in November 1978, while the export-only wagon models first appeared in early 1979.[7] Originally the lineup consisted only of the four-door sedan which utilized the same body profile as the later hatchback models; in August 1978 the coupé and three-door hatchback models were added, along with a fuel injected version of the 1.4-liter engine.[8] One year later a five-door hatchback appeared, replacing the four-door sedan which was immediately discontinued.[9]
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Most markets outside Japan did not receive all versions: for instance, the three- and five-door hatchbacks and the coupé were the only models to be offered in the US. Most markets never got any fuel injected versions. The 1.0-literA10 (later also updated to an OHC engine, called E10) was never available in Japan, mainly restricted to markets where tax codes made smaller engines necessary. An interesting anomaly of the French automotive taxation system is that while the A12A-engined Cherry sedans were considered as "6 CVs", the coupés with the same engine were markedly cheaper to own as they were classified as "5 CVs".[7] An unusual feature at the time of introduction was the split folding rear seat fitted to better equipped models, increasing versatility.[10]
A late-term facelift in March 1981 brought Nissan's newly developed OHC E-series engines in for the last twelve months of production, which also introduced the more conventional (and industry standard) drivetrain with an end-on transmission with unequal length driveshafts - the A-Series engine cars continued to use the transmission-in-sump layout that had been used in the previous generation Cherry models. The facelift involved a new grille and rectangular headlamps. The updated 1982 model Pulsar five-door hatchback with E-series engine was assembled in New Zealand at Nissan's new factory-owned assembly plant inWiri, Auckland. Only one well-equipped model was offered, with a five-speed manual gearbox.
In 1982 "Nissan" badges began to appear on the cars, due to Nissan phasing out the Datsun name at that time for its international markets. Production of the N10 series ceased in mid-1982, to be replaced by the all-new N12 Cherry/Pulsar.
In Japan the five-door van received the VN10 chassis code when shown in November 1978, but was then re-released in August 1979 in a version which met the 1979 commercial vehicle emissions standards — this model was designated VN11. While domestic market passenger models only received the slightly larger A12A engine, the vans and many export markets retained the smaller A12 engine (and the option of the larger A14) as also used in the preceding Cherry F-II.[11] The van was unusual in the Japanese market for the period in being front-wheel drive; Nissan made the most of this and gave it a special rear suspension to allow for a very low loading floor. To further lower the rear opening the rear bumper was also extremely slim. This generation Pulsar van also provided the basis for the first generation of thePrairie people carrier. This van bodywork, with more comfortable fittings, was also used for the wagon model as sold in export markets. After the March 1981 facelift, the van also received the updated E13 and E15 OHC engines and now carried the VUN10 and VMN10 chassis codes. The three-door panel van model seems to have only been sold in the export.
In North America the N10 Pulsar was originally sold only with the largest, 1.4-liter engine and only with four- or five-speed manual transmissions. Called the Datsun 310, in Canada it was also available with Pulsar striping on the rear quarters. Equipment levels were Deluxe or GX, and originally only the three-door hatchback or hatchback coupé bodywork were available.[12] Only the three-door (called a "two-door sedan hatchback" in period materials[13]) was ever available in Deluxe trim, with the GX being optional and all other bodystyles only sold in GX trim. A four-speed manual was installed in all sedans, while the GX Coupé received a five-speed unit. The three-door GX was unusual in receiving manual, remotely controlled (from the center console, behind the parking brake) rear side windows.[14] A five-door hatchback ("sedan hatchback") model was added to the line during the 1980 model year, only in GX trim.
For 1981 the Pulsar received a facelift in North America, with a sloping, horizontal bar grille and rectangular headlights in place of the previous round units. A larger 1.5-liter engine replaced the earlier 1.4-liter unit, although in desmogged form it only produced 65 hp (48 kW).[12] This was still a pushrod unit (unlike the new E-series which was on its way into the Pulsar in the rest of the world), with a two-barrel carburetor and a catalytic converter.[14] The 310 never stood a great chance in North America, where the cheaper and somewhat larger rear-wheel-drive210-series always outsold it. The lack of an automatic option was a further hindrance in the US market.
| N12 | |
|---|---|
 Nissan Cherry 3-door (Europe) | |
| Overview | |
| Also called | Nissan Cherry (Europe) Nissan Langley Nissan Liberta Villa Alfa Romeo Arna (Europe) Holden Astra (LB/LC) |
| Production | 1982–1986 1983–1987 (Australia) |
| Assembly |
|
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-doorcoupé (Nissan Pulsar EXA) 3/5-doorhatchback 4-doorsedan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan Pulsar EXA (N12) |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,415 mm (95.1 in) |
| Length | 3,960 mm (155.9 in) |
| Width | 1,620 mm (63.8 in) |
| Height | 1,390 mm (54.7 in) |
| Curb weight | 820 kg (1,808 lb) |
A more angular version was announced in April 1982, making its European debut in October. By this time, Nissan had more or less standardised its naming policy worldwide, so as a Nissan it tended, except in European markets, to be known as the Pulsar. In Europe it retained the "Cherry" moniker, and in Malaysia and South Africa it was sold as the Nissan Langley. This generation Pulsar hatchback, three-door and five-door, was sold in North America only for model year 1983.[15] Some unusual options were carried over from the previous generation, such as having the rear locks (on four-door models) remote operated by cable from the front seat. The rearchild locks could also be controlled with a slider mounted beneath the driver's seat.[16]
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New Pulsar models were introduced in the Japanese home market with three- or five-door hatchback bodywork, as well as thePulsar EXA two-door coupé. In June a four-door sedan arrived as well. Most Pulsars sold had flush-fitting, aerodynamic rectangular headlights, but the lowest-spec cars received smaller rectangular units set deeper within the grille surround. There was no van model of the N12 Pulsar; instead, Nissan Cherry stores sold a version of theB11-series AD Van as the "Pulsar AD." In May 1983 the 1.7-liter CD17 diesel and a 115 PS (85 kW) turbocharged petrol model were introduced. At the same time, adoor mirror was fitted to some models rather than the traditional fender-mounted unit.[17] The law had been changed only two months earlier, allowing for such fitment, and the Pulsar was the first Japanese car to take advantage of the change. The lowest-spec models, like the Pulsar TC, continued to use fender mirrors until the end of N12 production.[18]
The series was facelifted at the end of March 1984, with wider and slimmer headlights. There were no longer two types of headlamps available. This is also when the Pulsar Milano trim level was introduced.[19] This was a three-door hatchback with a more European and Italianate flair - while Alfa Romeo were not involved in its development, calling the model by the name of Alfa Romeo's hometown was a nod at the collaboration. In May 1985 the turbocharger was changed to a water-cooled design.
TheNissan Langley, in its second generation, was a Pulsar sold atNissan Prince Store locations next to theSkyline, and shared many styling influences from the Skyline. The market acceptance of the Langley inspired Nissan to sell a second badge engineered version atNissan Store as theNissan Liberta Villa.[20] This model partially replaced the largerNissan Stanza clone called the Nissan Violet Liberta. The Liberta Villa was only available as a sedan, offered as a smaller companion to theNissan Leopard (itself a Skyline clone). The top trim package was the SSS turbo with theE15ET engine, and the top two trim packages offered multi-port fuel injection with the base model offering a carburetor—all with the 1.5-liter petrol engine. As with the Pulsar and the Langley, theCD17 diesel engine was also offered on the Liberta Villa.
In Singapore the Pulsar was clearly defined as a class below the Sunny (even though a Pulsar sedan is longer than a Sunny and sits on a longer wheelbase). While the Sunny could be had with 1.3 or 1.5-liter engines, the Pulsar was only available with the 1-litre E10 engine. It was also fitted with the small recessed lights used for the lowest-cost models. In Singaporean specifications, the E10 engine produces 52 bhp (39 kW; 53 PS) DIN and was also available together with air conditioning.[21]
The Australian market Pulsar N12 series arrived in October 1982.[22] Offered as a five-door hatchback, 1.3-liter TC and 1.5-liter TS specifications featured. These early cars were manufactured in Japan.[23] May 1983 saw the debut of an update to the Australian range.[22] Now produced locally, the update heralded minor trim changes, suspension and steering revisions and new seats. Specification levels were overhauled with the Pulsar E opening up the range with its 1.3-liter engine, followed by the 1.5-liter GL and GX. In October 1983 the sedan body was introduced in GL and GX guises (1.5-liter). A turbocharged Pulsar ET five-door arrived in April 1984, sharing its engine and trim with the EXA.[24] It was only available with a five-speed manual. The ET also had alloy wheels, a modified suspension and various aerodynamic improvements. The engine was imported fully built from Japan, which placed a limit on how many ETs could be built without falling afoul of laws on local content.[25]
The next update came in August 1984[22] alongside a badge engineered twin, theHolden Astra (LB)—a scheme devised under theButton car plan.[26] To differentiate the Pulsar, Nissan Australia applied the upmarket Japanese market Langley body details for its facelift.[26] The headlamps were now fitted as quad units and narrower horizontal tail lamps distinguished the rear styling. Other changes included an increase in specification, minor suspension calibrations, and refreshed interior trims. Sedan versions had their facelift delayed until November that year, and the ET hatchback lingered on with the older styling until the demise of the N12 in 1987.[27] The Australian-built Pulsar ET was also exported to New Zealand, beginning in 1985.[28]
The final Australian N12 update arrived in April 1986 prior to the 1987 N13 introduction.[22] The Holden version was known as theLC Astra.[29] The revisions brought further trim changes, tweaks to the five-speed manual transmission, new colours, a new entry-level DX model, a change from GX to GXE, and the introduction of a larger displacement 1.6-liter engine tuned for unleaded petrol replacing the 1.3- and 1.5-liter leaded units used previously. The ET model also saw its 1.5-liter turbocharged engine updated for unleaded fuel.[26][30]
The N12 was assembled in New Zealand at Nissan NZ's plant inWiriSouth Auckland from 1982, and facelifted in 1984 when the main change was a switch to the now compulsory laminated windscreen. This generation was offered in both three and five door hatchback form with both 1.3- and 1.5-literNissan E-series engines shared with the also locally assembled Sunny sedan (NZ did not import the equivalent Pulsar sedan). TheHolden Astra badged variant was not sold in New Zealand. The EXA Coupé was a limited official Nissan import new but thousands more Japanese market specification models arrived in the later 1980s and early 1990s when the NZ market was opened up to used imports.
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The European market Cherrys were available with engines ranging from a 1.0-liter, 50 PS (37 kW) petrol unit via a 1270 cc 60 PS, a 1488 cc 70 PS up to the 114 PS (84 kW) turbocharged 1.5-literE15ET and also included the dieselCD17.[31] In early 1983, a 1.7-liter diesel option was introduced; this was the first Cherry diesel. Only a small "diesel" badge on the bootlid betrayed the engine option.[32] To accommodate the extra 65 kg (143 lb) over the front axle, the diesel received stronger front springs and a model-specific, slightly larger, single-spoke steering wheel to counteract what would have otherwise been a heavier steering.[33]
The Cherry Turbo was an attempt at breaking into the then very popular GTi category, but being a somewhat half-hearted effort it did not have much of an impact in the marketplace. The Turbo sat on comparatively skinny Dunlop tires and had few changes aside from its many stickers and the turbocharger. Period tests complained about peaky power delivery (and the same long gear ratios as for the regular Cherry), torque steer, and a harsh ride.[34] The Pulsar/Cherry underwent a light facelift in July 1984.[35]
This model was also built in Italy byAlfa Romeo as theArna (named after the joint venture which created it, Alfa Romeo Nissan Autoveicoli), using Alfa Romeoboxer engines. Confusingly, the Italian models were also sold in the United Kingdom and Spain as the "Nissan Cherry Europe". At Alfa Romeo, the Arna was meant to replace lesser versions of the popularAlfasud, but never had the Italian car's appeal. The Cherry Europe also failed in its "home" market (Europe) lacking the build quality and reliability of its Japanese built twin car.
| N13 | |
|---|---|
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| Overview | |
| Also called | Nissan Cherry (Greece) Nissan Langley Nissan Liberta Villa Nissan Sentra (Malaysia, New Zealand) Nissan Sunny (Europe) Holden Astra (LD) |
| Production | 1986–1990 July 1987 – 1991 (Australia) |
| Assembly |
|
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 3-doorhatchback 5-door hatchback 4-doorsedan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, all-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan EXA (N13) |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 4-speedmanual 5-speedmanual 3-speedautomatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,431 mm (95.7 in) |
| Length | 4,229 mm (166.5 in) |
| Width | 1,679 mm (66.1 in) |
| Height | 1,295 mm (51.0 in) |
In 1986, Nissan's design chief refused to follow the smoother, aerodynamic look of other cars, and told his design team to come up with an affordable, subcompact car.[citation needed] A squarer Pulsar N13 series was released as a result; innovations included a permanently four-wheel drive model with aviscous coupling which appeared in May 1986. In February 1987 a version with three viscous couplings was introduced: one for each axle and one in between. This was originally limited to a production of 200 cars, at a price increase 50 percent higher than for the regular four-wheel-drive version.[37] For 1988 it became a regularly available model; this was very similar to theAttesa system which first appeared in theBluebird soon thereafter. In 1986, the Pulsar won theCar of the Year Japan award. Capitalizing on the popularity of the largerR31 series Nissan Skyline, this generation shares many visual styling cues with the larger car.
The N13 seriesEXA was spun off as its own model internationally, but retained the Pulsar NX name in the United States. It was designated as the N13 series, despite actually being based on theNissan Sunny (B12) chassis.
The Pulsar was sold in Japan as a three- and five-door hatchback, plus a four-door sedan. There was no turbocharged version of the N13 Pulsar, with Nissan choosing to focus on multivalve engines instead. In April 1988, the 1.5-litre engines were changed to the newGA generation.
The Langley and the Liberta Villa (both sold as sedans and three-door hatchbacks)[38] also continued sales in Japan as upmarket versions of the Pulsar, with a limited engine lineup. Both the Langley and Liberta Villa had slightly different bodywork to the Japanese-specification Pulsar—although most parts were interchangeable. Langley and Liberta Villa three-doors sported completely redesigned rear-ends, which were slightly longer and tapered off in anotchback-like manner and were much sportier in appearance with their more steeply raked rear windows. The sedans featured reshaped upper doors (windows), rear windshields, rear quarter panels, and are noted for the repositioning of the license plate to the rear bumper from the boot lid. The Langley and Liberta Villa were themselves differentiated by their own frontal styling. Compared to the Pulsar, the Langley had narrower trapezoidal-shaped headlamps and a unique grille—whereas the Liberta Villa had narrow rectangular-shaped lights and again its own grille design. The N13 Langley and Liberta Villa featured other options such as a limited-slip differential, luxurious interior and the much sought-after black headlights on the Langley, centre grille and roundSkyline-style taillights, with the equipment shared in the Liberta Villa. The Japanese-market Langley five-door hatchback was dropped with the N13.
In Malaysia, the N13 Pulsar was sold as theNissan Sentra, which was introduced in 1987 to replace the slow selling B12 Sentra. From mid-1989 it became available with the 12-valve GA16S engine, in a model called the SLX Super-valve.
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The Pulsar–Astra relationship continued in Australia, with the series there continuing to use the more upmarket Langley sedan as the donor vehicle. The sedan version was called the Pulsar Vector. The five-door hatchback was also offered, but this model differed from the Japanese Pulsar with reshaped upper doors (windows) and rear quarter panels. The development of the model was a collaboration with Holden, using theFamily II engine built in Australia.[39] Nissan introduced a facelift in 1989. After Holden ended their cooperation with Nissan in 1989 (and took up with Toyota instead), sales of the Holden Astra came to an end. Nissan Australia, however, kept using the GM engines until the succeeding N14 version was introduced.
four-cylinder engines offered in the Australian built version were:
In New Zealand, the previous Sunny and Pulsar ranges were replaced by a single model line now called theNissan Sentra—which were based on the Japanese market Pulsar and again mostly locally assembled, all with Japanese-manufactured Nissan engines. Versions in New Zealand were available in four body shapes; three-door hatchback (SG, SR), five-door hatchback (SGS, ZXE), four-door sedan (SG, SGS, ZXE), and a five-door "Sportwagon" (SG, SGS).
Six engines were offered over this generation:
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In Europe, the N13 Pulsar was usually sold under theNissan Sunny name - however, this was not the same car as theNissan Sunny (B12) sold elsewhere around the same time. In Greece the N13 Pulsar retained the Cherry nameplate.[36] Some markets (such as Greece) received a lineup starting with a 1.0-liter engine, but in most countries the 1.3 was at the bottom of the lineup. A carburetted 1.6 was also on offer (fuel injected and catalysed in some countries), as was the 1.7-liter diesel engine. Equipment levels for the non-sporting models were L, LX, SLX and SGX. Four-wheel-drive was also available in the sedan. While the Pulsar was generally sold with Sunny badging in Europe, the Sunny Wagon (B12) was sold as part of the same Sunny family.
The top version, called the Sunny GTi, initially had the 1.6-litre 16-valve engine with 110 PS (81 kW) at 6,400 rpm in thecatalysed version.[40] The version sold in countries unencumbered by emissions regulations produces 122 PS (90 kW) at 6,600 rpm.[41] The GTi was quite discreet, with external changes limited to side skirts and small spoilers front and rear, as well as alloy wheels. When introduced, it was not a particularly strong contender in the GTi market; to rectify this Nissan later introduced a more powerful and torquier 1.8-litre version.
| Engine | Displacement | Layout | Power | Cat. | Notes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | cc | kW | PS | hp | at rpm | ||||
| E10S | 1.0 | 988 | carb 8VSOHCI4 | 37 | 50 | 49 | 6000 | – | Greece, UK |
| E13S | 1.3 | 1,270 | 44 | 60 | 59 | 5600 | – | ||
| GA14DS | 1.4 | 1,392 | carb 12V SOHC I4 | 59 | 80 | 79 | 6200 | ○ | |
| E16S | 1.6 | 1,597 | carb 8V SOHC I4 | 62 | 84 | 83 | 5600 | – | 4x4 available |
| GA16DS | 1,597 | carb 12V SOHC I4 | 69 | 94 | 93 | 6000 | – | 4x4 available | |
| 64 | 87 | 86 | Low compression | ||||||
| GA16i | TBI 12V SOHC I4 | 66 | 90 | 89 | 6000 | ● | 4x4 available | ||
| CA16DE | 1,598 | EFI 16VDOHC I4 | 90 | 122 | 120 | 6600 | – | ||
| 81 | 110 | 108 | 6400 | ● | |||||
| CA18DE | 1.8 | 1,809 | 95 | 129 | 127 | 6400 | – | ||
| 92 | 125 | 123 | ● | ||||||
| CD17 | 1.7 | 1,680 | diesel 8V SOHC I4 | 40 | 55 | 54 | 4800 | – | |
| N14 | |
|---|---|
_LX_5-door_hatchback_(2015-07-14)_01.jpg) | |
| Overview | |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 1990–1995 1991–1992 (Australia) |
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Yoshio Maezawa[42] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 3/5-doorhatchback 4-doorsedan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, all-wheel-drive |
| Platform | Nissan B platform |
| Related | Nissan AD Nissan Sentra (B13) Nissan Sunny (B13) Nissan NX |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,430 mm (95.7 in) |
| Length | 3,975 mm (156.5 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (66.5 in) |
| Height | 1,400 mm (55.1 in) |
| Curb weight |
|
In 1990, the N14 model saw Nissan turn to a more rounded design. The Langley and the Liberta Villa were replaced with theNissan Primera, assigning the Primera toNissan Prince Shop locations.
This version of the car was launched in theUnited Kingdom as the Nissan Sunny from March 1991 and was the last generation of Sunny to be sold in Europe, where it was replaced late in 1995 by theAlmera. One anomaly from this period resulted from Nissan taking control of its British import and distribution business fromAutomotive Financial Group (AFG); the acrimonious split between Nissan andOctav Botnar resulted in AFG sourcing the vehicle badged as the Pulsar and selling it concurrently in the UK alongside the "official" version (badged as the Sunny) by the newly established Nissan Motor GB. The European top-of-the-line model was the 2.0 GTI, equipped with the naturally aspiratedSR20DE engine with 143 PS (105 kW) rather than the 1.8-litre version used in the home market. While powerful, the Sunny GTI was better equipped and more cosseting than its in-class competitors, with more sedate handling as well.[43]
This version continued to be offered inCKD kit form in New Zealand as theSentra (unrelated to the version sold in North America). In Europe, the Sunny name continued, applied to three-door hatchback, five-door hatchback and four-door sedan models, alongside the separate model lineSunny California station wagon from Japan (called either the Sunny Estate or Sunny Traveller). This was the last generation of the Pulsar (now with Sunny badges, as in the rest of Europe) to be assembled in Greece, where TEOKAR went out of business in April 1995.[4]
There was no N14 Pulsar offered in the United States or Canada either. Instead, the North American Pulsar for those markets evolved into what was known as theNX1600. The NX cars are coupés sharing the same chassis, engines, body electronics, and even dashboard with the Pulsar N14.
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In Japan, the N14 range was large, comprising eight different models with a total of eighteen available variations, including six different engines, three body shapes, and two drivetrains.
| Model | Engine | Drivetrains | Bodies |
|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | GA13DS | FWD | 3 or 4 door |
| M1 | GA15DS or CD17 | FWD or 4WD | 3 or 4 door |
| K1 | GA15DS or CD17 | FWD or 4WD | 4 or 5 door |
| J1J | GA15DS | FWD | 4 door |
| X1 | GA15DS | FWD or 4WD | 3 door |
| X1R | GA16DE | FWD | 3, 4 or 5 door |
| GTI | SR18DE | FWD | 3, 4 or 5 door |
| GTI-R | SR20DET | 4WD | 3 door |
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In Australia, the N14 (aka ES) was available in four-door sedan and five-door hatchback. Nissan Australia assembled the range that sold from October 1991 to February 1993 at their factory inClayton South, Victoria. Similar models with unique specifications and Sentra badging were shipped to New Zealand where a wagon version, sourced from Japan and assembled locally, was also offered. After Nissan closed the Clayton South plant in October 1992 for financial reasons, the models (known as the "Series 2") were imported from Japan and sold in Australia until September 1995, while Nissan NZ imported its own versions in CKD form to sell alongside the locally assembled wagon until the plant in Wiri, South Auckland, shut down in 1998. Unlike the N13 Pulsar/Astra,Holden in Australia did not use a variant of this Pulsar, instead choosing to use arebadged variant of the rivalToyota Corolla, which they sold as theHolden Nova until the late 1990s when they reintroduced the Astra name for their variant of theOpel Astra. The Pulsar N14 was awarded AustralianWheels magazine'sCar of the Year in 1991, an honor it shared with theHonda NSX.
| Model | Bodies | Engine | Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| GLi | 4 or 5 door | GA16DE | 1991-1993[44] |
| LX | 4 or 5 door | 1993-1995[45] | |
| Solaire | 4 or 5 door | 1994-1995[45] | |
| Q | 5 door | GA16DE or SR20DE (option) | 1991-1995[44] |
| TI | 4 or 5 door | 1991-1995[44] | |
| SSS | 5 door | SR20DE | 1991-1995[44] |
Sold as the Sunny in the Europe from February 1991, the N14 was fitted with different engines from their Japanese counterparts, to better suit local regulations and markets. The AD Van (Y10) was sold as the Sunny Wagon, with the 1.6-litre petrol or 2.0-litre diesel engines, with entirely different sheetmetal.[46] Four-wheel-drive was available on the 1.6-liter Wagon and four-door sedan versions as well as the turbocharged GTi-R (introduced in June 1991).[47] With the introduction of stricter, Europe-wide emissions standards (Euro 1) in 1992, the uncatalyzed versions were generally discontinued. The range was lightly facelifted in February 1993, at which time fuel injected versions of the 1.4 and 1.6 were also introduced. The four-wheel-drive versions switched to the fuel injected engine; the 4WD sedan was discontinued in mid-1994.
The N14 Sunny was generally discontinued by September 1995, as the newAlmera replaced it. The Y10-based Sunny Traveller/Wagon continued to be on offer in an dwindling number of markets until 2000 since there was no Almera wagon on offer. The Sunny Wagon received light changes in April 1996.
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| Engine | Displacement | Layout | Power | Cat. | Years | Notes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | cc | kW | PS | hp | at rpm | |||||
| GA14DS | 1.4 | 1,392 | carb 16VDOHCI4 | 63 | 86 | 85 | 6000 | – | 1991–1992 | Some sources state 82 PS |
| 55 | 75 | 74 | ● | 1991–1995 | ||||||
| GA14DE | EFI 16V DOHC I4 | 64 | 87 | 86 | ● | 1993–1995 | ||||
| GA16DS | 1.6 | 1,596 | carb 16V DOHC I4 | 70 | 95 | 94 | 6000 | – | 1991–1992 | |
| 66 | 90 | 89 | ● | 1991–1995 | until 2000 in the Wagon | |||||
| GA16DE | EFI 16V DOHC I4 | 75 | 102 | 101 | ● | 1993–1995 | until 1996 in the Wagon | |||
| SR20DE | 2.0 | 1,998 | EFI 16V DOHC I4 | 105 | 143 | 141 | 6400 | ○ | 1991–1995 | Un-catalyzed version has identical power figures[47] |
| SR20DET | EFIturbo 16V DOHC I4 | 162 | 220 | 217 | ● | 1991–1992 | ||||
| CD20 | 2.0 | 1,973 | diesel SOHC I4 | 55 | 75 | 74 | 4800 | – | 1991–1995 | until 2000 in the Wagon |
In South Africa the N14 (aka ES) was built locally by Nissan South Africa. It was only available with FWD as a four-door sedan (badged Sentra) and five-door hatchback (badged Sabre). Originally released in 1994 and given a cosmetic facelift in 1997 rather than being replaced with the N15, it was produced until 2000 and was also exported toNamibia.
The N14 series also saw the introduction of the GTI-R three-door hatchback (sold in Japan as a Pulsar with chassis code E-RNN14, and sold in Europe as a Sunny with chassis code EGNN14). This was ahomologation variant produced between 1990 and 1994 in order to enter theWRC underGroup A rules.[48] It featured aturbocharged 2.0-litreSR20DET engine producing 169 kW (230 PS; 227 hp) and 29 kg⋅m (280 N⋅m; 210 lb⋅ft). The body is largely the same as the standard N14 three-door model, but distinguished by the largerear wing andbonnet scoop. It has anATTESAall-wheel drive system and a unique variant (coded54C) of theSR20DET engine. With apower-to-weight ratio of 0.083 weighing 1,220 kg (2,690 lb) and all-wheel-drive, the standard GTI-R is able to accelerate from0–100 km/h in 5.4 seconds,[49] cover the standingquarter-mile in 13.5 seconds,[50][51] and reach a (manufacturer claimed) top speed of 232 km/h (144 mph).[49]
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There were several different models of the GTI-R sold to the general public,[52][53] identifiable by the model number found on theVIN plate located on thefirewall in the engine bay.
Other versions:
The Pulsar GTI-R was manufactured in Japan between August 1990 until November 1994.[59] The Sunny GTI-R was produced from February 1992 until October 1993.[53] The first year of production (1990–1991) was the largest[59] due to Nissan needing to fulfil theFIAGroup A regulations at the time (5,000 models total, with 500 of them homologation models) in order to enter the car as a manufacturer in theWRC.
Nissan redirected funding toLe Mans and the development of theR390, and NME moved their focus to the FWD Sunny GTI in the WRC F2 category (A7 class) where they had success withAlister McRae winning the 1995BRC. It is generally agreed that the Group A GTI-R campaign failure was due to the combination of the uncompetitiveDunlop tyres, the inefficiency of the top-mountedintercooler when engine power was increased to Group A standards (especially in hot weather), and the political and cultural issues between Nissan Japan and the newly created NME.[61]
| 1991 results (Group A) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Round 4 | Round 6 | Round 9 | Round 14 | |
| 39th MartiniSafari rally Kenya | 38thAcropolis Rally | 41st1000 Lakes Rally | 47th LombardRAC Rally | |
| Stig Blomqvist | 5th | DNF (differential) | 8th | DNF (suspension) |
| David Llewellin | DNF (accident) | 9th | 10th | DNF (electrical) |
| Mike Kirkland | 7th | |||
| 1992 results (Group A) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 3 | Round 9 | Round 14 | |
| 60thRallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo | 41st InternationalSwedish Rally | 25thRallye de Portugal | 42nd1000 Lakes Rally | 48th LombardRAC Rally | |
| Stig Blomqvist | 3rd | DNF (engine) | DNF (accident) | ||
| Tommi Mäkinen | 9th | DNF (accident) | DNF (gearbox) | 8th | |
| François Chatriot | 7th | 6th | |||
| 1992 results (Group N) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Round 3 | Round 4 | Round 6 | Round 8 | Round 9 | Round 12 | Round 14 | Final Classification | |
| 26th Rallye de Portugal | 40th Martini Safari Rally Kenya | 39th Acropolis Rally | 12th Rally Argentina | 42nd 1000 Lakes Rally | 24th Rallye Côte d'Ivoire Bandama | 48th Lombard RAC Rally | ||
| Grégoire De Mévius | 3rd | 1st | DNF (Late for start) | 3rd | DNF (Engine) | 2nd | 1st | |
| Hiroshi Nishiyama | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | ||||
| N15 | |
|---|---|
.JPG) Pre-facelift Nissan Pulsar sedan (Japan) | |
| Overview | |
| Also called | Nissan Sentra (New Zealand) Nissan Almera (Europe) Nissan Lucino (Japan) |
| Production | 1995–2000 |
| Assembly | Japan:Yokosuka, Kanagawa (Oppama Plant) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 3/5-doorhatchback 4-doorsedan |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, all-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan Primera (P11) Nissan Sentra (B14) |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,535 mm (99.8 in) |
| Length | 4,120 mm (162.2 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (66.5 in) |
| Height | 1,385 mm (54.5 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,040–1,280 kg (2,293–2,822 lb) |
In 1995, the N15 Pulsar was launched as a compact car, rather than subcompact, and sold in Europe as theNissan Almera. The New Zealand Nissan Sentra changed name to Pulsar after the Nissan assembly plant in Wiri, Auckland closed down in 1998, in favor of imports from Japan. Again, four- and five-door models were offered, with three-door models being available in Europe and Japan only, and not Australia and New Zealand. North American customers did not receive this car, with the Sunny-basedSentra B14 being sold there instead.
The chassis designation "N" series carried over to theBluebird Sylphy (N16) in 2000 for the Japanese market.
The Australasian versions included the LX, SLX, Q and SSS variants. New Zealand specific versions included the S and SE variant. The SSS model (5-door hatch only) featured the SR20DE engine featuring 105 kW (141 hp)/179 Nm.
The station wagon continued to be from the Sunny, later spun off in Japan into theNissan Wingroad.
In Japan, the N15 was available under numerous nameplates, giving Nissan in Japan the opportunity to sell the Pulsar at two different Japanese network dealerships, calledNissan Cherry Store that sold the Pulsar, andNissan Satio Store that sold the Lucino. Hatchback models were badged Pulsar Serie.
Japanese market N15 Pulsar and Lucino models had drivers airbag as standard. Passenger airbag was an option in 1995 and standard from 1996 onwards. Speedometer became digital from 1998.Tachometer was not present on Pulsar Serie Rezzo, Pulsar CJ-I, CJ-II and Lucino BB models. Air conditioning was standard on almost all models, but could be requested without. Manual adjusting windows were available on Pulsar Serie Rezzo, Pulsar CJ-I, CJ-II and Lucino BB models, otherwise electric windows were standard.Sunroof was available option on Pulsar Serie X1, Pulsar Serie X1R, Pulsar GTI, Pulsar VZR and Pulsar / Lucino SR-V models (hatch only).Manual controlled air conditioning controls were standard, climate control was available as option and standard on Pulsar Serie X1R, Pulsar GTI and Pulsar VZ-R.
AnAutech Trimmed version of the Pulsar SRV and Lucino SRV known as the "Aero Sport" was also available. Equipped with the standard SR20DE, compression Ratio : 10.0, maximum power 150PS (110KW). Indicative features included the placement of the spare-wheel on the rear boot lid, inclusion of rubber side moldings over the wheel arches, large rear spoiler, extra rubber door protectors, And unique decals on the sides of the car. As a result of shifting the spare-wheel to the boot lid, the number plate had to be relocated in the rear bumper, meaning a bumper was produced specific for this model. Extra features on this model were limited to the additional body kit.
Configurations:
The N15 Nissan Pulsar came with the following engine options:
GA14DE — 1400 cc DOHC MPFI. Featured in the European Nissan Almera LX, Almera S.
GA15DE — 1500 cc DOHC MPFI. Featured in the New Zealand Sentra S, JDM Pulsar Serie Rezzo, JDM Pulsar Serie X1, JDM Pulsar CJ-I, JDM Pulsar CJ-II, JDM Pulsar SR-V, JDM Lucino BB, JDM Lucino JJ and JDM Lucino SR-V. There was a 4-wheel drive variant of the GA engine series available in the JDM Pulsar SR-V and JDM Lucino SR-V 5-door hatch and some JDM Pulsar CJ-I, Pulsar CJ-II and JDM Pulsar X1 4-door sedans.
GA16DE — 1600 cc DOHC multi-point EFI (sometimes ECCS featured). Featured in the Australian and New Zealand new models Sentra SE, Sentra SLX Sentra Q and JDM Pulsar X1R hatch and sedan variants, and the European Almera SR, ALMERA SRI.
SR18DE — 1800 cc DOHC multi-point EFI. Featured in the JDM Pulsar GTI 3-door hatch and 4-door sedan, JDM Pulsar SR-V 5-door hatch models. 4-wheel drive variant of SR engine series available in JDM Pulsar SR-V model.
SR20DE – 2000 cc DOHC multi-point EFI. Featured in Australian and New Zealand (Australian assembled) Sentra and Pulsar SSS variant delivered with silver/red rocker cover, also called "Red Top" 105 kW (141 hp) at 6400 rpm / 179 N⋅m (132 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm-4800 rpm[clarification needed] / 0–100 km/h (62 mph) 8.2 seconds / Curb weight 1,142 kg (2,518 lb).
Autech Version SR20DE — 1998 cc DOHC multi-point EFI. Only Sold locally in Japan. Was used in Pulsar Serie and Lucino Japanese Variants (576 produced total). These cars were delivered from Nissan as standard front wheel drive N15 GTI's, and delivered to Autech for Tuning. The cars were than striped, seam welded for added rigidity, and Autech body kits including unique Front bumper, Side skirt and Rear wing. Autech interiors including unique pattern interior, Autech labeled clusters, and Finally Autech Sr20DE engines were installed. Which is why they are stamped SR18DE, as this is the original size of the engine from the GTI. The tuned SR20DE found in these cars, were engines that Autech had from producing the P10 Primera Autech, However, due to multiple factors, Primarily stricter emission standards, and also Nissan about to release the SR16VE, it was de-tuned from the original P10 Autech, losing 5HP and 3NM of torque as well as a less aggressive power curve to meet the stricter emission standards. Featured compression ratio of 11.5:1, 264 duration at 11.4 mm lift camshafts, unique valve springs, portwork, and unique pistons to achieve high compression. Power is stated as 175 bhp (130 kW) at the flywheel. 191 N⋅m (141 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm.
SR16VE — NEO VVL (Nissan Ecologically Orientated Variable Valve Timing and Lift). Featured in the 3 & 4 JDM Pulsar/Lucino Serie VZ-R, as well as the B14 Sunny. Producing 175 PS (129 kW; 173 hp) from its 1.6L. Identifiable by the unique blue valve cover.
VZR Autech A Pulsar/ Lucino Variant of the VZ-R, Equip with the standard SR16VE from the VZR producing 175 PS (129 kW; 173 hp), with an additional body kit & interior pieces. Additional extras include, Unique Autech front bumper & fog lights, side skirts, bumper end caps, N1 Spoiler, Fujitsubo Muffler, Unique trimmed Seats / Door Trim, Momo Steering Wheel, Leather Gear knob & Hand Break lever with Red stitching, Autech labeled cluster.
SR16VE N1 — Featured in the JDM Pulsar VZ-R N1, which was a racinghomologation version intended to compete with theHonda Civic Type R. Producing 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) from its 1.6 LSR16VE engine, it held the highest specific output ever for a naturally aspirated production car, at 123.125 hp/liter until theHonda F20C engine was released in theHonda S2000. The "Version2" (VerII) was introduced offering a few chassis and mechanical tweaks as well as an option orange trimmed interior with GTR Skyline front seats. N1's available in Black, White and Red.
CD20 — 2000 cc SOHC CRDi Diesel engine Featured in the European Almera GX.
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In Australia and New Zealand, Nissan continued to use the Pulsar name for the N16 series that was labelledNissan Bluebird Sylphy in Japan.
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The B17 series Sylphy sedan was marketed as the Nissan Pulsar for the Australian and New Zealand markets from 2013. The model was discontinued in these two markets in April 2017, alongside theL33 Altima with no successor.[64]
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The C12 Pulsar hatchback was released in 2013 as a rebadgedNissan Tiida for Australia, New Zealand and Thailand. The C12 model was discontinued in Australia and New Zealand in April 2016 alongside theK13 Micra hatchback with no successor. It was also discontinued in Thailand in 2018, while it continues to be marketed in Taiwan as the Nissan Tiida.
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| C13 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Also called | Nissan Tiida (Russia & China) |
| Production | 2014–2018 (Europe) 2015 (Russia) 2016–present (China) |
| Assembly |
|
| Body and chassis | |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive |
| Platform | Renault–Nissan CMF-CD platform[65] |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,700 mm (106.3 in) |
| Length | 4,387 mm (172.7 in) |
| Width | 1,768 mm (69.6 in) |
| Height | 1,520 mm (59.8 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,265 kg (2,789 lb) |
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On 16 May 2014, Nissan revealed the C13 series Pulsar for the European market. Based on theCMF platform, this model does not replace theC12 version, but is a European-only alternative.[66][67] The C13 Pulsar signifies Nissan's reentry into the highly competitive compact hatchback segment, following the withdrawal of theTiida from the market in 2011. It marks the first time the Pulsar nameplate has officially been used in mainland Europe, rather than the Cherry, Sunny and Almera nameplates that have been used in Europe over the generations. European sales began in March 2015. Pulsars for sale in Europe were built at Nissan'sBarcelona plant in Spain.[68]
Initially, the C13 Pulsar was available with a 113 bhp (84 kW) 1.2-liter DiG-T petrol engine with CVT transmission or a 1.5-liter diesel unit producing 104 bhp (78 kW).[69][70] In October 2014, Nissan introduced the 1.6-liter DIG-T which develops 140 kW (188 hp) and went on sale since March 2015.[71]
The model was marketed in Russia since March 2015 as the Nissan Tiida, where it was assembled inIzhevsk from January 2015,[72][73] but production only lasted until December of the same year due to low sales.[74] It is also sold in China as the C13 series Nissan Tiida since 2016 after being displayed at the April 2016Auto China. In other Asian markets, the Nissan Pulsar is launched in Singapore since January 2017.
The Pulsar was discontinued in Europe on 12 September 2018 due to poor demand, with Spanish production having ended in June of the same year. The Almera sedan was also discontinued in the Russian market alongside the Pulsar with sales and production ending in October 2018.[74] The model is still sold in China under the Tiida nameplate with a 1.6-litre NA engine.
| Year | Europe[75] |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 8,021 |
| 2015 | 43,267 |
| 2016 | 31,699 |
| 2017 | 25,183 |
| 2018 | 16,161 |
| 2019 | 560 |
| 2020 | 2 |
Media related toNissan Pulsar at Wikimedia Commons
