English architect (1939–2025)
Sir Nicholas Grimshaw CBE RA modernist buildings, including London'sWaterloo International railway station and theEden Project in Cornwall.[ 2] Royal Academy from 2004 to 2011.[ 3] Grimshaw Architects (formerly Nicholas Grimshaw & Partners) from its foundation to 2019, when he was succeeded byAndrew Whalley . He was a recipient of theRIBA Gold Medal .
Early life and education [ edit ] Nicholas Grimshaw was born inHove ,East Sussex , on 9 October 1939.[ 2] [ 1] [ 4] Thomas Wrigley Grimshaw ) was a physician who campaigned for the installation ofDublin 's drainage and sanitation system after showing a link between waterborne diseases and streams joining theRiver Liffey .[ 5] [ 6]
The artistJohn Atkinson Grimshaw was another of his ancestors.[ 6]
Grimshaw's father died when he was two, and he grew up with his mother, a grandmother who was also a painter,[ 7] Guildford .[ 4] Meccano , building tree houses and boats.[ 8]
Grimshaw was educated atWellington College in Berkshire.[ 9] Edinburgh College of Art before winning a scholarship to attend theArchitectural Association School of Architecture (AA) in London, where he won further scholarships to travel to Sweden in 1963 and the United States in 1964.[ 9] Peter Cook , one of the founders ofArchigram .[ 1] Terry Farrell , he joined theRoyal Institute of British Architects two years later in 1967.
TheEden Project , designed by Nicholas Grimshaw Grimshaw worked with Farrell for 15 years before establishing his own firm,Nicholas Grimshaw & Partners , in 1980.[ 9] Royal Institute of British Architects national award for his design of theFinancial Times [ 9] Seville Expo in 1992, he was appointed aCBE in 1993, and the following year saw his Waterloo railway terminal awarded the accolade of RIBA President's Building of the Year as well as theMies van der Rohe Award for European Architecture .[ 10] [ 4] [ 11] [ 3] American Institute of Architects .[ 4]
His architecture practice continued to grow, with offices in London, Paris, Los Angeles, New York, Dubai, Melbourne and Sydney.[ 12] Phaidon Press :Architecture, Industry and Innovation deals with the years 1965–1988;[ 13] Structure, Space and Skin covers 1988–1993;[ 14] Equilibrium looks at work up until 2000.[ 15]
In December 2004, Grimshaw was elected president of theRoyal Academy of Arts , a position he held until 2011.[ 3] National Institute for Research into Aquatic Habitats (NIRAH).[ 16] Andrew Whalley succeeded Grimshaw as chairman of Grimshaw Architects.[ 17]
Grimshaw was considered one of the pioneers ofhigh-tech architecture , which grew out of themodernist movement .[ 1] [ 18]
Grimshaw cited 19th-century architectsJoseph Paxton andIsambard Kingdom Brunel as influences,[ 1] Buckminster Fuller and the modernism ofCharles and Ray Eames .[ 4] [ 19] geodesic domes of theEden Project ,[ 4] Paddington station paid homage to its original design by Brunel.[ 20]
Personal life and death [ edit ] In 1972, he married Lavinia Russell, an expert onChinese culture and the daughter of art criticJohn Russell and Countess AlexandrineApponyi .[ 4] [ 21] [ 22]
Grimshaw died on 14 September 2025, at the age of 85.[ 23] [ 4] [ 24]
National Space Centre ,Leicester Waterloo International railway station Thermae Bath Spa : the main building, 2006Grand Union Walk Housing – Flats behind Sainsbury's supermarket, Camden Town, 1988 Projects include:
125 Park Road , London (1970); joint project withTerry Farrell [ 25] Herman Miller Factory, Bath (1976); joint project with Terry Farrell[ 25] BMW (UK) headquarters,Bracknell (1979); joint project with Terry Farrell[ 25] Oxford Ice Rink ,Oxford (1984)[ 26] Clifton Hill Sports Centre,Exeter (1984)[ 27] Financial Times Printworks,Blackwall, London (1988)[ 26] RankXerox Research Centre,Welwyn Garden City (1988)[ 13] Sainsbury's supermarket ,Camden Town , London (1988)[ 26] Stockbridge Leisure Centre,Liverpool (1988)[ 13] British PavilionExpo '92 , Seville, Spain (1992)[ 28] Waterloo International railway station , London (1993)[ 26] Compass Centre ,Heathrow Airport (1993)[ 29] South West Media Group (Western Morning News ,Plymouth Herald ) Headquarters and Printworks. Known as"The Ship", Derriford ,Plymouth (1993)[ 28] RAC Regional Headquarters ,Bristol (1994)[ 30] Pier 4A,Heathrow Airport (1993)[ 28] Berlin Stock Exchange (Ludwig Erhard Haus), Berlin, Germany (1998)[ 30] Lord's Cricket Ground Grandstand, London (1998)[ 29] North Woolwich pumping station,London Docklands (1988)[ 14] Bilbao bus station,Bilbao , Spain (1996)[ 31] Paddington station redevelopment, London (1999)[ 20] Eden Project , Cornwall (2001)[ 2] Frankfurt Trade Fair Hall,Frankfurt , Germany (2001)[ 32] Enneus Heerma Bridge , Amsterdam, Netherlands (2001)[ 33] National Space Centre ,Leicester (2001)[ 33] Donald Danforth Plant Science Center ,St. Louis , United States (2002)[ 2] 25Gresham Street , London (2003)[ 29] Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Goodwood plant and headquarters (2003)[ 33] Five Boats,Duisburg , Germany (2005)[ 33] Zurich Airport Expansion (2004)[ 30] The Core,Eden Project (2005)[ 2] Southern Cross railway station ,Melbourne , Australia (2007)[ 18] Caixa Galicia Art Gallery,A Coruña , Spain (2006)[ 33] Thermae Bath Spa ,Bath (2006)[ 30] Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center ,Troy, New York (2008)[ 32] igus Headquarters and Factory,Cologne , Germany (2000)[ 33] University College London Cancer Institute, England (2007)[ 29] London School of Economics New Academic Building, England (2008)[ 33] London South Bank University K2 (Keyworth II) Building, England (2009)[ 34] [ 35] Eco Hotel Concept, United States (2011)[ 33] St Botolph Building , London, England (2010)[ 33] Mobilizarte Mobile Pavilion, Brazil (2012)[ 36] Cutty Sark [ 33] Fulton Center , Manhattan, New York (2014)[ 18] Pulkovo Airport , Saint Petersburg, Russia (2014)[ 33] Grimshaw was made aKnight Bachelor in the2002 New Year Honours for services to architecture. He received an honorary doctorate fromHeriot-Watt University in 2004.[ 37] Royal Gold Medal in 2019.[ 38]
^a b c d e Risen, Clay (19 September 2025)."Nicholas Grimshaw, 85, Dies; British Architect Known for High-Tech Designs" .The New York Times . ^a b c d e Steve Rose (12 October 2007)."Bubble vision" .The Guardian . ^a b c "Nicholas Grimshaw PPRA" .Royal Academy of Arts . Archived fromthe original on 4 April 2015. Retrieved17 September 2025 .^a b c d e f g h "Sir Nicholas Grimshaw, visionary architect behind the Eden Project and Waterloo Eurostar terminal" .The Daily Telegraph . 15 September 2025. Retrieved15 September 2025 .^ "Thomas Wrigley Grimshaw" .Grimshaw Origins and History . Archived fromthe original on 27 April 2025.^a b Amery 1995 , p. 9.^ "Sir Nicholas Grimshaw: 'It's quality that matters more than anything" .The Independent . 13 June 2010.^ "Desert Island Discs - Nicholas Grimshaw" . BBC. 19 December 2003.^a b c d L'enjeu capital(es): les métropoles de la grande échelle Centre Pompidou . 2009. p. 101.ISBN 978-2-84426-432-9 ^ Weinfass, Ian (11 March 2024)."Grimshaw unveils London Waterloo Station masterplan" .Architects' Journal . Retrieved20 September 2025 . ^ "Architecture & Emerging: 1994 Jury Proceedings" .EUmies Awards . Retrieved20 September 2025 .^ Knight, Martine Hamilton (2024).Photography for Architects: Effective Use of Images in Your Architectural Practice ISBN 978-1-000-95700-6 ^a b c Amery 1995 , table of contents.^a b Moore 1993 , table of contents.^ Pearman 2000 .^ "NIRAH" .Grant Associates . Archived fromthe original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved27 October 2017 .^ Menking, William (11 June 2019)."Andrew Whalley to become new chairman of Grimshaw Architects" .The Architect’s Newspaper . ^a b c Templeton, Patrick (16 September 2025)."British architect Nicholas Grimshaw Dies at 85" .Architectural Record ^ Smith, Charles Saumarez (13 February 2019)."Sir Nicholas Grimshaw (1)" .CharlesSaumarezSmith.com .^a b Slessor, Catherine (16 September 2025)."Geodesic genius: Nicholas Grimshaw brought futuristic grandeur to trains, planes, gardens – and shopping" .The Guardian . ^ Grimes, William (24 August 2008)."John Russell, Art Critic for The Times, Dies at 89" .The New York Times . ^ Baldock, Hannah (14 September 2000)."Nick Grimshaw" .Building the original on 10 November 2024. ^ "Nicholas Grimshaw dies aged 85" . Building Design. 15 September 2025. Retrieved15 September 2025 .^ Bakare, Lanre (29 September 2025)." .The Guardian .ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved2 October 2025 . ^a b c Farrell, Terry (1994).Terry Farrell: Selected and Current Works ISBN 9781875498161 ^a b c d Grimshaw & Davey 2009 , p. 115.^ Cherry, Bridget; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2002).The Buildings of England: Devon ISBN 978-0-300-09596-8 ^a b c Grimshaw & Davey 2009 , p. 116.^a b c d Allinson, Kenneth (24 September 2008).Architects and Architecture of London ISBN 978-1-136-42965-1 ^a b c d Grimshaw & Davey 2009 , p. 117.^ "Bilbao Intermodal Station" . Industrial Gradhermetic. Retrieved21 September 2025 .^a b Grimshaw & Davey 2009 , p. 118.^a b c d e f g h i j k "List – Projects" .grimshaw.global . Retrieved21 September 2025 .^ "Grimshaw's South Bank K2 exhibits peak performance" .Building Design . 10 December 2009. Retrieved21 September 2025 .^ "London South Bank University" .Pilkington Project References . Pilkington. Retrieved21 September 2025 .^ Waite, Richard (27 April 2011)."Grimshaw bags Brazilian mobile art pavilion" .Architects' Journal . ^ "Heriot-Watt University Honorary Graduates" (PDF) . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on 17 November 2015.^ Wainwright, Oliver (27 September 2018)."Architect Nicholas Grimshaw wins RIBA gold medal" .The Guardian .
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