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All 577 seats in theNational Assembly 289 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Legislative elections are scheduled to be held in France by 2029 to elect all 577members of the 18thNational Assembly of theFifth French Republic.[1] However, given thecurrent political crisis, a dissolution of the National Assembly for asnap election is possible before even thepresidential election.[2][3][needs update]
Article 12 of theFrench Constitution grants thePresident of France the authority to dissolve the National Assembly after consultations with the Prime Minister and the presidents of theAssembly and theSenate.[4] Voting must be held between 20 and 40 days after the declaration of the dissolution. Since the establishment of theFifth Republic in 1958, this article has been invoked six times by four Presidents:1962 and1968 byCharles de Gaulle.1981 and1988 byFrançois Mitterrand.1997 byJacques Chirac, and most recently in2024 byEmmanuel Macron.[5]
The2024 elections resulted in ahung parliament and fourminority governments led byMichel Barnier,François Bayrou, andSébastien Lecornu, all being appointed byEmmanuel Macron. Both Barnier and Bayrou's governments collapsed as a result ofconfidence votes. Lecornu initially resigned 14 hours after presenting his first government, before being reappointed by Macron four days later.
The absence of a stable majority means the current government constantly lives under the threat of a vote of no confidence as well as losing parliamentary votes, leading to speculations of snap elections taking place well ahead of 2029.[6][7][8]
The 577 members of theNational Assembly, known asdeputies, are elected for five years by atwo-round system in single-memberconstituencies. A candidate who receives an absolute majority of valid votes and a vote total greater than 25% of the registered electorate is elected in the first round. If no candidate reaches this threshold, a runoff election is held between the top two candidates plus any other candidate who received a vote total greater than 12.5% of registered voters. The candidate who receives the most votes in the second round is elected.[9]
| Polling firm | Date | Sample size | EXG | NFP | DVG | ECO | ENS | DVC | LR | DVD | DLF | RN andallies | REC | Others | Lead | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFI | LE | PCF | PS | UDR | RN | ||||||||||||||
| — | 10 Oct 2025 | Second Lecornu government formed | |||||||||||||||||
| Ifop[10] | 7–8 Oct 2025 | 1,386 | 1% | 24% | 4% | – | 14% | – | 12% | 3% | 1% | 35% | 4% | 2% | 11% | ||||
| 1% | 8% | 19% | 3% | – | 13% | – | 11% | 2.5% | 1% | 36% | 3.5% | 2% | 19% | ||||||
| 1% | 10% | 17% | 3% | – | 13% | – | 11% | 2% | 1% | 36% | 4% | 2% | 19% | ||||||
| OpinionWay[11] | 6–7 Oct 2025 | 1,012 | 2% | 24% | – | – | 16% | – | 13% | – | – | 34% | 5% | 6% | 10% | ||||
| 2% | 13% | 13% | – | – | 15% | – | 13% | – | – | 33% | 5% | 6% | 18% | ||||||
| 2% | 9% | 18% | – | – | 14% | – | 12% | – | – | 33% | 6% | 6% | 15% | ||||||
| — | 5–6 Oct 2025 | First Lecornu government dissolved | |||||||||||||||||
| — | 8–9 Sep 2025 | Bayrou government dissolved;First Lecornu government formed | |||||||||||||||||
| Ifop[12] | 5–8 Sep 2025 | 1,089 | 1.5% | 24% | 5% | – | 14% | – | 12% | 2.5% | 2% | 34% | 3.5% | 1.5% | 10% | ||||
| 1% | 9% | 19% | 3% | – | 14% | – | 12% | 2% | 2% | 33% | 4% | 1% | 14% | ||||||
| Cluster17[13] | 5–7 Sep 2025 | 1,133 | 1% | 25% | 5.5% | – | 14% | 1% | 13% | 2% | 1.5% | 29% | 4% | 4% | 4% | ||||
| 1% | 11% | 16% | 3% | – | 13% | 1% | 13% | 2% | 1.5% | 29% | 4.5% | 5% | 13% | ||||||
| 1% | 14% | 14% | 3% | – | 12.5% | 1% | 12% | 3% | 1.5% | 29% | 4% | 5% | 15% | ||||||
| Harris[14] | 4–5 Sep 2025 | 2,017 | 1% | 26% | 6% | – | 16% | – | 10% | – | – | 33% | 5% | 3% | 7% | ||||
| 1% | 10% | 19% | 4% | – | 16% | – | 10% | – | – | 33% | 5% | 3% | 14% | ||||||
| Ifop[15] | 29 Aug–1 Sep 2025 | 1,369 | 1% | 25% | 5% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 2% | 1.5% | 33% | 4% | 0.5% | 8% | ||||
| 1% | 11% | 15% | 4% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 3% | 1.5% | 32% | 3.5% | 1% | 17% | ||||||
| Elabe[16] | 28–29 Aug 2025 | 1,563 | 2% | 23.5% | 6.5% | – | 14% | – | 10.5% | 2.5% | – | 31.5% | 5% | 4.5% | 8.0% | ||||
| 1.5% | 10% | 16.5% | 5% | – | 13.5% | – | 10.5% | 3% | – | 31% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 14.5% | ||||||
| Elabe[17] | 3–5 Jun 2025 | 1,496 | 2% | 21% | 6.5% | – | 15.5% | – | 10% | 3.5% | – | 32.5% | 3% | 6% | 11.5% | ||||
| 1.5% | 10% | 16% | 3.5% | – | 15.5% | – | 10.5% | 3% | – | 33% | 2.5% | 4.5% | 17% | ||||||
| Ifop[18] | 3–4 Jun 2025 | 1,385 | 0.5% | 21% | 7% | – | 18% | – | 11% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 35% | 2% | 1.5% | 14% | |||
| 1% | 11% | 13% | 4% | – | 18% | – | 11% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 0.5% | 35% | 2% | 1.5% | 17% | |||||
| 0.5% | 9% | 5% | 3% | 12% | 3% | – | 16% | – | 10% | 2% | 1% | 0.5% | 34% | 2.5% | 1.5% | 18% | |||
| Ifop[19] | 5–6 Feb 2025 | 1,377 | 1% | 14% | 13% | 2% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 35% | 3% | 1% | 21% | ||
| 1.5% | 8% | 19% | 2.5% | – | 15% | – | 12% | 1% | 1% | 0.5% | 35% | 3% | 1.5% | 16% | |||||
| — | 4–13 Dec 2024 | Barnier government dissolved;Bayrou government formed | |||||||||||||||||
| — | 5 Sep 2024 | Beginning ofFrench political crisis:Attal government dissolved;Barnier government formed | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 Election Results[20] | 30 Jun 2024 | — | 1.14% | 28.21% | 1.57% | 0.57% | 21.28% | 1.22% | 6.57% | 3.60% | 0.28% | 3.96% | 29.26% | 0.75% | 1.60% | 1.05% | |||
... to keep the government functioning until July 2025, the next time that general elections can be held.
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