Newark, Ohio | |
|---|---|
 Licking County Courthouse | |
| Motto: Land of Legend ⏤ Past and Future | |
 Location of Newark in Licking County and the state of Ohio | |
  Newark  Newark | |
| Coordinates:40°04′45″N82°23′50″W / 40.07917°N 82.39722°W /40.07917; -82.39722 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Ohio |
| County | Licking |
| Settled | 1802 |
| Incorporated | 1813[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Jeff Hall (R)[2] |
| • President of Council | Jeff Harris (R)[citation needed] |
| Area | |
• Total | 21.37 sq mi (55.34 km2) |
| • Land | 20.88 sq mi (54.09 km2) |
| • Water | 0.48 sq mi (1.25 km2) |
| Elevation | 853 ft (260 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 49,934 |
| • Density | 2,390.9/sq mi (923.12/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 43055, 43056, 43058, 43093 |
| Area codes | 740,220 |
| FIPS code | 39-54040[5] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1086473[4] |
| Website | http://www.newarkohio.gov/ |
Newark (/ˈnjuːərk/NEW-ərk) is a city inLicking County, Ohio, United States, and itscounty seat.[6] It is located 40 miles (64 km) east ofColumbus at the junction of the forks of theLicking River. The population was 49,934 at the2020 census, making it the18th-largest city in Ohio. It is most known for having the world's largest basket, former headquarters of the now defunctLongaberger Company. The city is part of theColumbus metropolitan area.
It is the site of much of theNewark Earthworks, a major ancient complex built by theHopewell culture. The Great Circle portion and additional burial mounds are located in the neighboring city ofHeath, Ohio. This complex has been designated as aNational Historic Landmark and is operated as a state park by theOhio History Connection.
Cultures ofindigenous peoples lived along the river valleys for thousands of years beforeEuropean contact. From more than two thousand years ago, 100 AD to 500 AD, people of theHopewell culture transformed the area of Newark and Heath. They built manyearthen mounds andenclosures, creating the single largestearthwork complex in theOhio River Valley. TheNewark Earthworks, designated aNational Historic Landmark, have been preserved to document and interpret the area's significant ancient history. The earthworks cover several square miles and about 206 acres. This is operated as a state park by theOhio History Connection.[7]
The Observatory Mound, Observatory Circle, and the interconnected Octagon earthworks span nearly 3,000 feet (910 m) in length. The Octagon alone is large enough to contain four RomanColiseums. TheGreat Pyramid of Giza inEgypt would fit precisely within Observatory Circle. The even larger 1,180-foot (360 m)-diameter Newark Great Circle, located in Heath, is the largest circular earthwork in theAmericas. The 8 feet (2.4 m)-high walls surround a 5 feet (1.5 m)-deep moat. At the entrance, the walls and moat are of greater and more impressive dimensions.[citation needed]
Contemporaryarchaeogeodesy andarchaeoastronomy researchers have demonstrated that the Hopewell and otherprehistoriccultures had advanced scientific understandings which they used to create their earthworks forastronomical observations, markings and celebrations. Researchers analyzed the placements, alignments, dimensions, and site-to-site interrelationships of the Hopewell earthworks to understand what had been done. Today, the Ohio Historical Society preserves the Great Circle Earthworks in a public park near downtown Newark, called Mound Builders Park (or theNewark Earthworks) located at 99 Cooper Ave, Newark, Ohio. The area of the Octagon Earthworks had been leased to a country club, but new arrangements in 1997 provided for more public access to it. Beginning in January 2025, the Octagon Earthworks have now been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site[8][9] and is open to full public access. LaterAmerican Indian tribes inhabiting the area at the time of European contact were distant descendants of the Hopewell peoples.[citation needed]
After exploration by traders and trappers in earlier centuries, the first European-American settlers arrived in 1802, led by Gen.William C. Schenck. He named the new village after hisNew Jerseyhometown.
Nineteenth-century investment in infrastructure resulted in growth in the town after it was linked to major transportation and trade networks. On July 4, 1825, GovernorsClinton of New York andMorrow of Ohio dug the first shovelfuls of dirt for theOhio and Erie Canal project, at the Licking Summit near Newark, Ohio. On April 11, 1855, Newark became a stop along thePittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad that was built to connectPittsburgh toChicago andSt. Louis. On April 16, 1857, theCentral Ohio Railroad connected Newark west toColumbus, and later Newark maintained a station on theBaltimore and Ohio Railroad.
TheHeisey Glass Company started in Newark in 1895. The factory operated there for 62 years, until the company's demise in 1957 due to changing tastes. TheNational Heisey Glass Museum, operated by the Heisey Collectors of America, Inc., is located on Sixth Street in Newark.
In 1909, the Arcade was opened. Modeled after innovative European retail buildings, it became one of Newark's first successful retail emporiums. Later versions of buildings that contained a variety of shops indoors became known as shopping malls. At 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2), the Arcade is one-third the size of an average modernWal-Mart.
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 21.37 square miles (55.35 km2), of which 20.88 square miles (54.08 km2) is land and 0.49 square miles (1.27 km2) is water.[10] Newark is located at40°3′47″N82°25′0″W / 40.06306°N 82.41667°W /40.06306; -82.41667 (40.063014, −82.416779).[11]
| Climate data for Newark, Ohio (1991–2020 normals and extremes 1934–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 76 (24) | 77 (25) | 85 (29) | 90 (32) | 95 (35) | 101 (38) | 106 (41) | 101 (38) | 103 (39) | 90 (32) | 81 (27) | 76 (24) | 106 (41) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 60.4 (15.8) | 63.0 (17.2) | 72.1 (22.3) | 81.2 (27.3) | 86.7 (30.4) | 92.1 (33.4) | 92.5 (33.6) | 91.6 (33.1) | 88.6 (31.4) | 81.2 (27.3) | 70.4 (21.3) | 61.4 (16.3) | 93.7 (34.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 36.4 (2.4) | 39.6 (4.2) | 49.7 (9.8) | 62.8 (17.1) | 72.7 (22.6) | 81.1 (27.3) | 84.3 (29.1) | 82.8 (28.2) | 76.3 (24.6) | 64.4 (18.0) | 51.7 (10.9) | 40.7 (4.8) | 61.9 (16.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 27.3 (−2.6) | 29.7 (−1.3) | 38.6 (3.7) | 49.9 (9.9) | 60.2 (15.7) | 69.1 (20.6) | 72.6 (22.6) | 71.0 (21.7) | 63.9 (17.7) | 52.2 (11.2) | 41.1 (5.1) | 32.2 (0.1) | 50.7 (10.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 18.2 (−7.7) | 19.7 (−6.8) | 27.4 (−2.6) | 37.1 (2.8) | 47.7 (8.7) | 57.1 (13.9) | 60.9 (16.1) | 59.1 (15.1) | 51.5 (10.8) | 40.0 (4.4) | 30.5 (−0.8) | 23.7 (−4.6) | 39.4 (4.1) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −2.1 (−18.9) | 2.8 (−16.2) | 12.0 (−11.1) | 24.3 (−4.3) | 34.8 (1.6) | 44.9 (7.2) | 51.5 (10.8) | 49.9 (9.9) | 39.3 (4.1) | 28.2 (−2.1) | 17.8 (−7.9) | 8.1 (−13.3) | −4.7 (−20.4) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −24 (−31) | −26 (−32) | −7 (−22) | 12 (−11) | 23 (−5) | 32 (0) | 41 (5) | 38 (3) | 25 (−4) | 14 (−10) | −4 (−20) | −21 (−29) | −26 (−32) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 3.21 (82) | 2.56 (65) | 3.61 (92) | 4.01 (102) | 4.24 (108) | 4.69 (119) | 4.56 (116) | 3.89 (99) | 3.24 (82) | 3.11 (79) | 2.99 (76) | 3.29 (84) | 43.40 (1,102) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 7.2 (18) | 3.9 (9.9) | 2.2 (5.6) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.51) | 1.6 (4.1) | 15.2 (39) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 12.7 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 10.3 | 8.8 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 11.8 | 133.1 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 3.9 | 3.3 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 10.7 |
| Source:NOAA[12][13] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1810 | 232 | — | |
| 1820 | 410 | 76.7% | |
| 1830 | 999 | 143.7% | |
| 1840 | 2,705 | 170.8% | |
| 1850 | 3,654 | 35.1% | |
| 1860 | 4,675 | 27.9% | |
| 1870 | 6,698 | 43.3% | |
| 1880 | 9,600 | 43.3% | |
| 1890 | 14,270 | 48.6% | |
| 1900 | 18,157 | 27.2% | |
| 1910 | 25,404 | 39.9% | |
| 1920 | 26,718 | 5.2% | |
| 1930 | 30,596 | 14.5% | |
| 1940 | 31,487 | 2.9% | |
| 1950 | 34,275 | 8.9% | |
| 1960 | 41,790 | 21.9% | |
| 1970 | 41,836 | 0.1% | |
| 1980 | 41,162 | −1.6% | |
| 1990 | 44,389 | 7.8% | |
| 2000 | 46,279 | 4.3% | |
| 2010 | 47,573 | 2.8% | |
| 2020 | 49,934 | 5.0% | |
| Sources:[14][15][5] | |||
In terms of population, Newark, Ohio is the second-largest Newark in the United States, afterNewark,New Jersey. Newark, Ohio is part of theColumbus, Ohio metropolitan area. The median income for a household in the city was $52,570, with 16.8% of the population below the poverty line.[16]
As of thecensus[17] of 2010, there were 47,573 people, 19,840 households, and 12,057 families residing in the city. Thepopulation density was 2,278.4 inhabitants per square mile (879.7/km2). There were 21,976 housing units at an average density of 1,052.5 per square mile (406.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.8%White, 3.3%African American, 0.3%Native American, 0.6%Asian, 0.3% fromother races, and 2.6% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino people of any race were 1.2% of the population.
There were 19,840 households, of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.7% weremarried couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.94.
The median age in the city was 37.3 years. Twenty-four percent of residents were under the age of 18; 9.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 26% were from 45 to 64; and 14.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.
Newark is the site of several major manufacturers.Holophane, founded in 1898, is one of the world's oldest manufacturers of lighting-related products. The main factory ofOwens CorningFiberglas is also located in Newark.State Farm Insurance had Regional Headquarters here. ThePark National Bank Corporation is headquartered in downtown Newark.
Several industrial parks have been developed and house such major companies asKaiser Aluminum,Dow Chemical Company,General Electric,Covestro,Boeing, THK,Harry & David, Communicolor,Diebold,Anomatic, International Paper, and Tamarack Farms Dairy.Longaberger, a major basket-maker, had their new corporate headquarters in Newark designed as a gigantic "medium market basket," their most popular model.
The main shopping center in the area is theIndian Mound Mall, located in nearbyHeath. The mall is named for the internationally known, ancient complex called theNewark Earthworks, built 2,000 years ago by theHopewell culture of central Ohio.[18] It is aNational Historic Landmark and major elements of the earthworks are located less than a mile away from the shopping mall named for them.
Newark City School District serves the city of Newark. Newark High School's enrollment is approximately 1,400 students, and it competes at the OHSAA D1 level. Newark High School has a storied tradition in academics and sports, as well as performing arts. Newark High School has won four OHSAA basketball titles (1936, 1938, 1943, 2008) and 3 AP football titles. The Pride of Newark Marching Band has made an unprecedented 42 consecutive years to the OMEA state finals. The Pride has earned a superior rating at State Marching Band finals in 31 years, including four straight seasons (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018). The Newark High School Sinfonia, under the direction of Susan Larson, tied for first runner-up at the National Orchestra Cup in New York City on April 5, 2009. The Sinfonia was featured in a front-page article of the April 14, 2009, edition ofThe New York Times, and received an invitation to the White House in the fall of 2009.
A regional campus ofOhio State University is also located in the city. TheOhio State University at Newark, founded in 1957, enrolls over 2,800 students and is the most diverse campus in the Ohio State system.[citation needed] Today, the campus features eleven buildings, including a recreation center and two residence halls. It offers Associate of Arts degrees, as well as Bachelor of Arts degrees in seven majors and master's degrees in education and social work. It also serves as a doorway to over 200 majors on theOhio State University campus inColumbus. The Newark Campus shares its facilities with a two-year technical college, COTC (Central Ohio Technical College). It serves some 3,000 other students in 45 certificate and associate degree programs.
Newark is also home to a number of private religious schools, including St. Francis de Sales School, Blessed Sacrament School andNewark Catholic High School.
C-TEC (Career and Technology Education Centers of Licking County) offers high school and adult programs.
There are two public library branches in Newark. They are a part of the Licking County Library System.[19]
Licking County Transit provides demand-response and deviated fixed route transit service in the region.[20][21]GoBus'Columbus-Wooster route provides service to Newark.
Newark travel guide from WikivoyageMunicipalities and communities ofLicking County, Ohio,United States | ||
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| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
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