Nerima (練馬区,Nerima-ku) is one of the 23special wards ofTokyo,Japan. It is mainly a residential ward, located in the northwest of the Wards Area of Tokyo (東京都区部, Tōkyō-to kubu). In English, the ward translates "ward" as "city" and refers to itself as Nerima City, as do some of the other special wards of Tokyo. In Japanese, it still refers to itself as Nerima Ward.
As of 1 June 2025[update], the ward has an estimated total population of 749,451 people. It has 399,800 households, and 21.6% of the ward's population is elderly (over the age of 65).[1] The total area of the ward is 48.08 km2,[9] which gives a population density of 15,591 persons per km2.
The ward is roughly rectangular, measuring 10km east to west and 4km to 7km north to south, with an area of 48.08km2.[9] It accounts for about 7.7% of the total area of the 23 wards, making it the 5th largest of the 23 wards.
To the northwest, there is a small exclave calledNishi-Ōizumimachi, enclaved within the city ofNiiza inSaitama Prefecture. The ward is working to incorporate the exclave into Saitama Prefecture, but residents are opposed to the plan.[10]
The entire ward lies within theMusashino Plateau and features soil composed ofloam formed fromvolcanic ash.[11] The highest point in the 23 wards is in Nerima Ward, aroundMusashi-Seki Park. There are two peaks in the plateau at an altitude of about 58m in Sekimachi-Minami 4th Street andSekimachi-Kita 4th Street.
The main rivers are theShakujii River and theShirako River, and the difference in elevation is small. In the past, the Naka-Arai River, theSenkawa Aqueduct, and the Tagara Irrigation Canal flowed through the ward, but have dried out since.[12] Groundwater from the Musashino Plateau surfaces as springs, creating the Sambōji Pond, Shakujii Pond, andFujimi Pond.[13]
Nerima Ward has implemented anaddressing system based on the Act on Residential Addresses (Act No. 119 of May 10, 1962) in most areas.[14] Based on this system, the ward comprises 46 neighborhoods (町,machi), each further divided into numbered neighborhood blocks calledchōme (丁目) or Streets, which have localneighborhood associations calledchōnaikai (町内会).
The neighborhoods are as follows, arranged by postal code and postal area:
During summer months, the Nerima Ward experiences intense heat, with many days exceeding 35°C and peak temperatures sometimes reaching 38°C. During winter months, it recorded a low of -7.0°C in 2018, and between January and March each year, low-pressure systems approaching from the south often bring snowfall, when the costal wards in downtown Tokyo receives only rain or sleet.
These temperature variations, combined with drainage from local rivers and irrigation canals, create ideal conditions for agriculture. Nerima has become renowned for its specialty crops, including Nerima daikon, cabbage, blueberries, and grapes.Annual precipitation typically ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 millimeters, showing no clear long-term trends.
Climate data for Nerima (2013−2020 normals, extremes 2012−present)
Toshimaen (closed permanently on August 31, 2020)[18] was an amusement park in Nerima Ward. The majority of the former Toshimaen site was purchased by theTokyo Metropolitan Government after its closure, and is planned to be developed as a large park that serves as a base for use in event of a disaster.[19] Another part of it was used to reopen asThe Making ofHarry Potter - Warner Bros. Studio Tour Tokyo.[20]
The Making ofHarry Potter - Warner Bros. Studio Tour Tokyo
Toshimaen reopened asWarner Bros. Studio Tour Tokyo – The Making of Harry Potter, announced in August 2020 and opened on June 16, 2023,[20]Warner Bros. Studio Tour Tokyo – The Making of Harry Potter is the second such park in the world, after the one inLondon, which opened in 2012. It is located in Nerima Ward, on part of the now-defunctToshimaen amusement park site.[21] Similar to its counterpart in London, the 30,000 square-meter attraction in Tokyo offers visitors a walking tour through some of the recreated famous film sets including the Great Hall, the Forbidden Forest, and the Diagon Alley. It also displays film sets, costumes, and props that were used in theHarry Potter films. In addition to Harry Potter, it also covers theFantastic Beasts spin-offs.[22] Steam locomotive4920Dumbleton Hall, which is identical tothe locomotive used in the Harry Potter movies, will be an exhibit.[23]
People first began living in Nerima during thePaleolithic period. Archaeological evidence that bears witness to this has been discovered throughout the ward,[24] such as the Paleolithic spear-point stone tools excavated from the Musashi-Seki site, which are registered as cultural property of the ward.[25]
During theHeian period, most of Nerima was part of Toshima District (豊嶋郡,Toshima-gun), which included the city of Edo, inMusashi Province. By the end of the Heian period, theToshima clan had control of the district.
The leyend has it that when Dōkan launched his final assault on Shakujii Castle, the castle's lord Toshima Yasutsune faced inevitable defeat. Yasutsune placed a golden saddle, a treasured heirloom of the Toshima clan, on his snow-white horse and rode to the cliff behind the castle. With Dōkan's soldiers watching from below, he spurred his horse over the edge, plunging into the waters of Sanbōji Pond (located in present-day Shakujii Park), where both horse and rider drowned. Yasutsune had a beautiful second daughter called Princess Teruhime, who was so saddened by her father's death that she threw herself into the same pond and drowned with him. Moved by compassion for the princess, Dōkan ordered a memorial mound built in her honor. Local folklore says that those who climb the old pine tree near Teruhime's mound can glimpse the golden saddle still gleaming at the bottom of the pond. This tree is calledTeruhi-no-Matsu. Today, Nerima Ward commemorates the princess with an annual festival called the Teruhime Matsuri.[27][28]
After the defeat of the Toshima clan, the area came under the influence of theŌta clan, and then theHōjō clan, before transitioning into theTokugawa era.[24]
Farmer cultivating Nerima daikon inTokyo City (Winter, c. 1935)
During theEdo period, Nerima developed as a major suburban farming village in Toshima District, that supplied the city ofEdo withdaikon, burdock, and potatoes, among other products. During this period, the area's specialty, Nerima daikon developed. The earliest reference of Nerima daikon is from the 1683 geography bookMurasak-no-Ippon (edited by Toda Mosui)[29] One of the legends about its origin is related toTokugawa Tsunayoshi, the 5th shogun of theEdo shogunate, who built a villa in the village of Shimo-Nerima before becoming shogun, and brought seeds of Miyashige daikon from Owari to a vacant lot within the villa and cultivated them.[30] TheSenkawa Aqueduct, which is now almost a culvert, was developed by theTokugawa Shogunate in 1696 and became a valuable water resource for agriculture in Nerima at the time.[24]
Map of Kita-Toshima District in 1889. The yellow area is today's Nerima Ward, and the orange area is today's Itabashi Ward.
After theBoshin War, the city of Edo was removed from Toshima District, and was renamedTokyo City. In 1878, during theabolition of the han system in theMeiji era, the rest of Toshima District was divided into Kita-Toshima District (北豊島郡,Kita-Toshima-gun) andMinami-Toshima District (南豊島郡,Minami-Toshima-gun). Nerima was incorporated into Kita-Toshima District under theDistrict, Town and Village Organization Act of 1878 (郡区町村編成法).[24]
On October 1, 1932, Kita-Toshima District merged intoTokyo City as part ofItabashi Ward, including the town of Nerima and the villages of Kami-Nerima, Naka-Arai, Shakujii, and Ōizumi.[24]
During theSecond World War, theImperial Japanese Army operated Narimasu Airfield in the Nerima area inItabashi Ward. At its peak, the earthworks were rushed, with 3,000 people working in day and night shifts each day. The Imperial Japanese Army's 47th Air Squadron, 43rd Airfield Battalion, and the Narimasu Detachment Maintenance Unit of the Tachikawa Branch of the Air Arsenal were based there. Towards the end of the war, it became a place for the Southern Operation Squadron to regain its fighting strength, and the 48th and 231stShinbu Special Attack Units were stationed here and used it as a training ground. In addition, the 101st, 102nd, and 103rd Air Squadrons were also relocated there.Remnants of its wartime infrastructure can still be seen today. Concrete bunkers that once housed aircraft remain visible inHikarigaoka Park, and the runway is now the main street in front of the IMA department store in Hikarigaoka.
During theoccupation of Japan, the occupying Allied forces renamed the former Narimasu Airfield to Grant Heights on March 3, 1947. On April 5, the construction of family quarters for the United States Army Air Forces began, and was finished in June, 1948.
Monument to commemorate the ward's independence fromItabashi Ward
In 1946, shortly after the end of thewar, the local government system was reviewed by a memorandum of the Allied Forces. One of the measures was to merge the then 35 wards of Tokyo into 22 wards. The people of the Nerima area inItabashi Ward had long been troubled by the distance of the Itabashi Ward Office. Since the establishment of Itabashi Ward in 1932, there have been several talks about separating the Nerima region, but they had not been successful.[32] During the review of the ward system, the town council presidents, ward assembly members, and various organization leaders of Nerima, Shakujii, and Ōizumi got together to try to make Nerima independent from Itabashi Ward, but the purpose of the occupying forces was to merge wards, not create new ones. In March, 1947, the wards of Tokyo were merged into 22 wards, with Nerima still being part of Itabashi Ward. After much campaigning, five months after the establishment of the 22 special wards, on August 1st, Nerima Ward was established and declared independent from Itabashi Ward, becoming the23rd special ward ofTokyo. Nerima Ward's independence day is commemorated annually.[24][32]
Teruhime Matsuri (April or May): A festival held annually inShakujii Park in honor of Teruhime, daughter of Toshima Yasutsune, lord ofShakujii Castle during theMuromachi period. People dressed in period costumes as Princess Teruhime, Lord Yasutsune, the wife, members of the Toshima clan, and retainers perform the stage playThe Legend of Teruhime and parade around the park. The roles of the princes, the mother, and the lord are open to the public, and can be played by people living in Nerima Ward.[27][28]
Tori-no-Ichi (November): A festival held at Nerima Ōtori Shrine in the Toyotama-Kita neighborhood every November on the day of the rooster, attracting tens of thousands of people.
Seki-no-Boroichi Market (December): A traditional flea market which has been held every December since 1751 during theEdo period in Honryūji Temple, in theSekimachi-Kita neighborhood, next toMusashi-Seki Station.
Nerima Ward is the birthplace of Japaneseanime,[2][3] where Japan's first full-length color theatrical anime filmThe Tale of the White Serpent (1958) was produced. It is also the birthplace of television anime, where the world's first weekly broadcast full-scale TV anime seriesAstro Boy (black and white) was created in 1963,[5] and Japan's first full-color TV anime seriesJungle Emperor Leo began in 1965.
Nerima Ward, home to Toei Animation (formerly Toei Films) andOsamu Tezuka'sMushi Production (currently unrelated to Tezuka Productions), has 94 anime-related companies (as of 2007),[7] making it Japan's largest concentration of anime-related businesses. Numerous works have been produced here and set in this location.Beyond anime, this area has also been frequently used for filming tokusatsu (special effects) productions, particularly the long-runningSuper Sentai series that has continued for 30 years, andKamen Rider.Since 2002, the annual Nerima Anime Festival has been held in Ōizumi-Gakuen, working with shopping districts and NPOs to promote anime.
In 2004, the Nerima Animation Council was established by about 50 businesses including Mushi Production and Toei Animation to promote anime in Nerima Ward. The council has been aiming to build an anime museum in the ward since its predecessor NPOAnime Museum Association was established in 1994. However, progress has stalled due to concerns about duplication after Toei Animation independently created the Toei Animation Gallery (now Toei Animation Museum) in 2003.
In Nerima Ward's Ōizumi area, there existed theŌizumi Salon, the female manga artist version of Tokiwa-so, where many renowned female manga artists includingMoto Hagio andKeiko Takemiya developed their careers.[34]
Nerima is the setting ofRumiko Takahashi's long running and popular manga and anime seriesRanma ½.Soun Tendo'sdojo, where the main story takes place, is in Nerima Ward. As one of the first series in either media to achieve widespread popularity in the English speaking world,Ranma introduced Nerima to western audiences, with several locations recognizable as backgrounds, such asShakujii River andShakujii Park.
InFujiko Fujio's manga and anime seriesDoraemon,Nobita Nobi and his friends live in Nerima Ward, close to theSeibu Line, in a fictional neighborhood called Tsukimidai-Susukigahara.Suneo Honekawa's address is Tokyo, Nerima Ward, Tsukimidai-Susukigahara 3-10-5 (東京都練馬区月見台すすきヶ原3-10-5).[8]
In the 1999 animated short filmDigimon Adventure, Tai, as well as the rest of the DigiDestined were residents of Hikarigaoka, often renamed Highton View Terrace in the English dub. Following the Parrotmon incident, many of the DigiDestined parents moved toOdaiba.
In episode 29 ofDigimon Adventure, the location served to give a recollection of the incident to the DigiDestined, who had arrived in search of the eight child. They later go toHikarigaoka Park andNerima Station.
Nodame Cantabile is a popular manga based on classical music that has been made into an anime and a live-action film. The Momogaoka College of Music that appears in the work is modeled after the Ekoda campus ofMusashino Academia Musicae in Nerima Ward. The nearest station,Ekoda Station, was once decorated with an illustration of the main character.
InSui Ishida's manga and anime seriesTokyo Ghoul, the coffee shop Antaiku where the main character Ken Kaneki works is in the 20th ward (20区), which is Nerima Ward.
The manga and animeYour Lie in April is set in Nerima Ward, and the scenery of the ward and theSeibu Ikebukuro Line that runs through Nerima are often depicted in the work.
Mitsuru Adachi's high school baseball manga and anime seriesTouch, serialized inWeekly Shōnen Sunday, is set in Nerima Ward, and the scenery of the ward frequently appears in the work. Also, the Neapolitan served at the coffee shopMinamikaze that appears in the work is modeled after the Neapolitan served at the coffee shopAndes nearNerima Station.
Many of Adachi's works, such asMiyuki,H2 andCross Game, are set in Nerima Ward.
In the anime series and mangaTrain to the End of the World, the main characters travel through Nerima Ward aboard aSeibu 2000 series commuter train on theSeibu Ikebukuro Line. Their journey takes them past numerous stations throughout Nerima Ward, all of which have been altered by the catastrophic 7G Incident. The series features amise en abyme element throughAlice in Nerima, a popular fictional anime and manga that exists within the show's universe, whose characters are manifested in reality as a consequence of the same incident.
The sports manga about volleyballShojo Fight, serialized inEvening, depicts the scenery aroundEkoda Station in Nerima Ward and aroundToshimaen Station. In particular, the area around Ekoda Station is depicted a lot, and the ramen shop that the main characters go to in the manga is actually a real shop.In the story, a station calledIsasaka is created between the real stations of Ekoda andSakuradai.
Nerima Ward is governed by a directly elected ward mayor and a ward assembly, with the current ward mayor serving four-year terms. Like otherTokyo wards, Nerima has significant autonomy in local affairs such as education, welfare services, and urban planning, while theTokyo Metropolitan Government handles broader regional issues like water supply and major infrastructure. The ward assembly, composed of members elected from local districts, deliberates on budgets, ordinances, and policies. The ward government operates various public services including libraries, community centers, and local administrative offices.The ward office and city hall is in Toyotama-Kita, close toNerima Station.
Nerima is designated as aspecial ward ofTokyo. Even though it is not designated as a "city" (市, shi), in English, Nerima translates its designation as a "ward" (区, ku) to "city" and refers to itself as Nerima City, following the practice of several other Tokyo special wards. However, in Japanese, it maintains its official designation as Nerima Ward (練馬区, Nerima-ku), with its government office referred to as the Ward Office (区役所, kuyakusho) and its leader as the Ward Mayor (区長, kuchō).
Administrative services are provided through a network of six local ward residents' offices (区民事務所,kumin jimusho) strategically positioned throughout the ward.
Nerima has a sister-city relationship withIpswich, Queensland, Australia. Nerima Gardens in Ipswich commemorates the tie. Nerima also has a similar link toHaidian District,Beijing, China.
^"武蔵野台地の立体地形模型" [Exhibit explanation "Three-dimensional topographic model of Musashino Plateau" (Earth Room)].Tamarokuto Science Center (in Japanese). November 5, 2020. RetrievedMay 8, 2024.