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Neodymium(II) iodide

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Neodymium(II) iodide
Names
IUPAC name
Diiodoneodymium
Other names
Neodymium diiodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard100.150.931Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 622-142-8
  • InChI=1S/2HI.Nd/h2*1H;/p-2
    Key: XKFMXEILCPYOQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L
  • [I-].[I-].[Nd+2]
Properties
NdI2
Molar mass398.05
Appearancedark violet solid[1]
Structure[2]
SrBr2 type (Tetragonal)
P4/n (No. 85)
a = 1257.3 pm,c = 765.8 pm
10
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark[3]
Warning[3]
H315,H317,H319,H335
P261,P264,P264+P265,P271,P272,P280,P302+P352,P304+P340,P305+P351+P338,P319,P321,P332+P317,P333+P313,P337+P317,P362+P364,P403+P233,P405,P501
Related compounds
Otheranions
Neodymium(II) fluoride,Neodymium(II) chloride,Neodymium(II) bromide
Othercations
lanthanum diiodide,cerium diiodide,praseodymium diiodide,europium diiodide,samarium(II) iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound

Neodymium(II) iodide orneodymium diiodide is aninorganic salt ofiodine andneodymium the formula NdI2. Neodymium uses the +2 oxidation state in the compound.

Neodymium(II) iodide is a violet solid.[1] The compound is notstoichiometric.[4] Itmelts at 562°C.[5]

Preparation

[edit]

Neodymium(II) iodide can be made by heating moltenneodymium(III) iodide withneodymium metal at 800 and 580°C for 12 hours.[4] It can also be obtained by reducing neodymium(III) iodide with neodymium in a vacuum at 800 to 900°C:[1]

Nd + 2NdI3 → 3NdI2

The reaction of neodymium withmercury(II) iodide is also possible because neodymium is more reactive than mercury:[1]

Nd + HgI2 → NdI2 + Hg

Direct preparation from iodine and neodymium is also possible:[6]

Nd + I2 → NdI2

The compound was first synthesized by John D. Corbett in 1961.[7]

Properties

[edit]

Neodymium(II) iodide is a violet solid.[1] The compound is extremelyhygroscopic, and can only be stored and handled under carefully dried inert gas or under a high vacuum.[8] In air it converts intohydrates by absorbing moisture, but these are unstable and more or less rapidly transform into oxide iodides with the evolution ofhydrogen:

2NdI2 + 2H2O → 2NdOI + H2↑ + 2HI

Neodymium(II) iodide is notstoichiometric, and has a formula of closer to NdI1.95.[4] Itmelts at 562°C.[5] It has astrontium(II) bromide-type crystal structure.[1] Under pressure, this transforms into the molybdenum disilicide structure typically seen in intermetallic compound, which is already present under normal conditions in other rare earth diiodides (e.g.praseodymium(II) iodide andlanthanum(II) iodide).[9] It formscomplexes withtetrahydrofuran and otherorganic compounds.[10][11][12]

Neodymium(II) iodide is anelectrical insulator.[4]

Reactions

[edit]

Neodymium(II) iodide reacts withorganohalides by extracting thehalogen, resulting indimers,oligomers or reactions with thesolvent.[12]

Solvates are known withtetrahydrofuran anddimethoxyethane: NdI2(THF)2 and NdI2(DME)2.[13]

Neodymium(II) iodide reduces hotnitrogen to form aniodide nitride: (NdI2)3N which with THF also gives (NdI)3N2.[14]

It reacts withcyclopentadiene in THF to give CpNdI2(THF)3.[15]

Applications

[edit]

Neodymium(II) iodide can be used as areducing agent orcatalyst[16] in organic chemistry.[17]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefHandbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie (in German). Stuttgart: Enke. 1975. p. 1081.ISBN 3-432-02328-6.OCLC 310719485.
  2. ^Beck, H. P. (1976-11-01)."Notizen: NdI2-II, eine metallisch leitende Hochdruckmodifikation ? / NdI2, a Metallic High Pressure Modification ?".Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B (in German).31 (11). Walter de Gruyter GmbH:1548–1549.doi:10.1515/znb-1976-1128.ISSN 1865-7117.
  3. ^abSeehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Neodymium_II_-iodide
  4. ^abcdSallach, Robert A.; Corbett, John D. (July 1964). "Magnetic Susceptibilities of Neodymium (II) Chloride and Iodide".Inorganic Chemistry.3 (7):993–995.doi:10.1021/ic50017a015.
  5. ^abDruding, Leonard F.; Corbett, John D. (June 1961). "Lower Oxidation States of the Lanthanides. Neodymium(II) Chloride and Iodide 1".Journal of the American Chemical Society.83 (11):2462–2467.Bibcode:1961JAChS..83.2462D.doi:10.1021/ja01472a010.
  6. ^Karl A. Jr. Gschneidner, Jean-Claude Bunzli, Vitalij K. Pecharsky (2009).Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths. Elsevier. p. 247.ISBN 978-008093257-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^Angelika Jungmann, R. Claessen, R. Zimmermann, G. e. Meng, P. Steiner, S. Hüfner, S. Tratzky, K. Stöwe, H. P. Beck:Photoemission of LaI2 and CeI2. In:Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter. 97, 1995, S. 25–34,doi:10.1007/BF01317584.
  8. ^Ortu, Fabrizio (2022)."Rare Earth Starting Materials and Methodologies for Synthetic Chemistry".Chem. Rev.122 (6):6040–6116.doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00842.PMC 9007467.PMID 35099940.
  9. ^Ralf Alsfasser,Erwin Riedel (2007).Moderne Anorganische Chemie. Walter de Gruyter. p. 188.ISBN 978-311019060-1.
  10. ^Mikhail N. Bochkarev, Igor L. Fedushkin, Sebastian Dechert, Anatolii A. Fagin, Herbert Schumann:[NdI2(thf)5], der erste kristallographisch charakterisierte Neodym(II)-Komplex. In:Angewandte Chemie. 113, 2001, S. 3268–3270,doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20010903)113:17<3268::AID-ANGE3268>3.0.CO;2-K.
  11. ^G. V. Khoroshen kov, A. A. Fagin, M. N. Bochkarev, S. Dechert, H. Schumann:Reactions of neodymium(II), dysprosium(II), and thulium(II) diiodides with cyclopentadiene In:Russian Chemical Bulletin. 52, S. 1715–1719,doi:10.1023/A:1026132017155.
  12. ^abFagin, Anatolii A.; Balashova, Tatyana V.; Kusyaev, Dmitrii M.; et al. (March 2006). "Reactions of neodymium(II) iodide with organohalides".Polyhedron.25 (5):1105–1110.doi:10.1016/j.poly.2005.08.050.
  13. ^Bochkarev, Mikhail N.; Fagin, Anatolii A. (24 September 1999). "A New Route to Neodymium(II) and Dysprosium(II) Iodides".Chemistry - A European Journal.5 (10):2990–2992.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3765(19991001)5:10<2990::AID-CHEM2990>3.0.CO;2-U.
  14. ^Fagin, A. A.; Salmova, S. V.; Bochkarev, M. N. (January 2009). "Reduction of nitrogen with neodymium(II) and dysprosium(II) diiodides and selected properties of the resulting nitrides".Russian Chemical Bulletin.58 (1):230–233.doi:10.1007/s11172-009-0034-2.S2CID 98798042.
  15. ^Khoroshen'kov, G. V.; Fag, A. A.; Bochkarev, M. N.; Dechert, S.; Schumann, H. (1 August 2003). "Reactions of neodymium(ii), dysprosium(ii), and thulium(ii) diiodides with cyclopentadiene. Molecular structures of complexes CpTmI2(THF)3 and [NdI2(THF)5]+[NdI4(THF)2]–".Russian Chemical Bulletin.52 (8):1715–1719.doi:10.1023/A:1026132017155.S2CID 91646257.
  16. ^Fundamental Chemistry (2006).Neodymium Based Ziegler Catalysts. Springer. p. 13.ISBN 354034809-3.
  17. ^Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths. Elsevier. 2009. p. 261.ISBN 978-008093257-6.
Nd(II)
Nd(III)
Nd(IV)
Iodine(−I)
Iodine(I)
Iodine(II)
Iodine(III)
Iodine(IV)
Iodine(V)
Iodine(VII)
Salts and covalent derivatives of theiodide ion
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