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Near-net-shape is an industrial manufacturing technique. As the name implies, the initial production of the item is very close to the final, ornet, shape.^[1] This reduces the need forsurface finishing. By minimizing the use of finishing methods likemachining orgrinding, near-net-shape production eliminates more than two-thirds of the production costs in some industries.

The following are various near-net-shape processes categorized by material.

• Gelcasting
• Ceramic injection molding
• Spray forming
• Structuralceramic production

• Lanxide process

• Injection moulding
• Rapid prototyping

• Casting^{[citation needed]}
  • Permanent mold casting^{[citation needed]}
• Powder metallurgy
• Linear friction welding^{[citation needed]}
• Friction welding^{[citation needed]}
• Metal injection molding
• Rapid prototyping
• Spray forming
• Superplastic forming
• Cold forming
• Semi-solid metal casting
• Photochemical machining
• Hot isostatic pressing

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