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Navadhanya

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Navdhānya orNavadhaniyam refers to ninefood grains namelywheat,paddy,pigeon pea,hyacinth bean,chickpea,mung bean,sesame,black gram andhorse gram.^[1]^[2] Navdhānya means "nine grains" in several Indian languages and form an essential part ofIndian cuisine.^[3]

Hindu theology

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InHindu cosmology, Navdhānya are considered to represent theNavagraha (nine planets).^[4] The grains represent the following nodes:^[5]

Navagrahas:
No.	Name	Western equivalent	Day	Food grain
1.	Surya	Sun	Sunday	Wheat
2.	Chandra	Moon	Monday	Paddy
3.	Mangala	Mars	Tuesday	Chickpea
4.	Budha	Mercury	Wednesday	Mung bean
5.	Bṛhaspati	Jupiter	Thursday	Bengal gram
6.	Shukra	Venus	Friday	White bean
7.	Shani	Saturn	Saturday	Black sesame
8.	Rahu	Ascendingnode of the Moon		Black gram
9.	Ketu	Descendingnode of the Moon		Horse gram

Worship and rituals

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It is customary for Hindus to use Navdanya during certain rituals and auspicious events.^[6]^[7] During traditional Hindu initiation ceremonies such asUpanayana that marks the acceptance of a student by a preceptor andVidyāraṃbhaṃ that is performed before a child begins their formal education involve the offering of navdhanya.^[8] During festivals such asSaraswati Puja, a new scroll and writing equipment are placed on the navdhanya.^[9]

InMariamman worship inSouth India, the sprouts of these food grains, traditionally known asmullaipaari forms an important part of festivals and rituals.^[10] The seeds are grown on temporary trays or pots and are either allowed to sprout in thetemple or carried to the temples after sprouting. If the seeds sprout healthily, it is considered as a good sign and an indication of an upcoming good harvest.^[11]

Reference

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^Subrahmanya, Susheela (1992).Southern Economist. Vol. 31. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. p. 26.
^Krishna, Nanditha (2017).Hinduism and Nature. Penguin Random House India.ISBN 978-9-387-32654-5.
^The Bloomsbury Handbook of Indian Cuisine. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2023. p. 331.ISBN 978-1-350-12865-1.
^Talamantez, Inés M. (2006).Teaching Religion and Healing. Oxford University Press. p. 71.ISBN 978-0-199-72737-7.
^Brouwer, Jan (1995).The Makers of the World:Caste, Craft, and Mind of South Indian Artisans. Oxford University Press. p. 89.ISBN 978-0-195-63091-6.
^Jan Brouwer (1995).The Makers of the World: Caste, Craft, and Mind of South Indian Artisans. Oxford University Press. p. 155.ISBN 978-0-195-63091-6.
^Knipe, David M. (2015).Vedic Voices:Intimate Narratives of a Living Andhra Tradition. Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-190-26673-8.
^Mathur, Nita (2002).Cultural Rhythms in Emotions, Narratives and Dance. University of Michigan. p. 62.ISBN 978-8-121-50993-0.
^Aruṇācalam, Mu (1980).Festivals of Tamil Nadu. University of Michigan. p. 74.
^Religious Experience in the Hindu Tradition. Mdpi AG. 2019. p. 147.ISBN 978-3-039-21050-3.
^Journal for the Study of Religion. Vol. 18. Association for the Study of Religion. 2005. p. 56.

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