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National Liberation Committee Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Ivanoe Bonomi |
| Other leaders | |
| Founded | 8 September 1943 |
| Dissolved | 1 June 1947[nb 1] |
| Headquarters | Rome, Italy |
| Ideology | Anti-fascism |
TheNational Liberation Committee (Italian:Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale,CLN) was a politicalumbrella organization and the main representative of theItalian resistance movement fighting against the occupying forces ofNazi Germany and the fascist collaborationist forces of theItalian Social Republic during theGerman occupation of Italy in the aftermath of thearmistice of Cassibile, while simultaneously fighting againstItalian fascists during theItalian Civil War. It coordinated and directed the Italian resistance and was subdivided into theCentral Committee for National Liberation (CCLN), which was based in Rome, and the laterNational Liberation Committee for Northern Italy (CLNAI), which was based in Milan. The CNL was a multi-party entity, whose members were united by theiranti-fascism.[2][3]
The CLN was formed on 8 September 1943, following Italy's armistice and Germany's invasion of the country. The member parties were theItalian Communist Party, theItalian Socialist Party, theAction Party, theChristian Democracy, theLabour Democratic Party, and theItalian Liberal Party. With the backing of theKingdom of Italy and theAllies of World War II, the CLN gained official recognition as the representative of the Italian resistance movement, and had several leaders operating underground in German-occupied Italy.[4]
The partisan formations controlled by the CLN were primarily divided between three main groups, CommunistGaribaldi Brigades, the Action Party'sGiustizia e Libertà Brigades, and SocialistMatteotti Brigades. Smaller groups includedCatholic andmonarchist partisans. There were partisan units not represented in the CLN, including the Maiella Brigades andanarchist,republican, andTrotskyist formations.[5]
The CLN led the governments of Italy from theliberation of Rome in June 1944 until the1946 Italian general election, which was the first post-war general election. After being deprived of all its functions ahead of the 1946 elections, they were disbanded in 1947.[1]
| House | Period | Seats |
|---|---|---|
| National Council | 5 April 1945 – 24 June 1946 | 227 / 430 |
| Constituent Assembly | 25 June 1946 – 1 June 1947 | 503 / 556 |
| Parties | |
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| Armed forces | |
| Prime Ministers | |
