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National Guard (Mexico)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mexican gendarmerie

Law enforcement agency
National Guard
Guardia Nacional
Emblem of the National Guard
Emblem of the National Guard
AbbreviationGN
Agency overview
Formed26 May 2019
Preceding agency
Employees120,000
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionMexico
Governing bodySecretariat of Security and Civil Protection
Secretariat of National Defense
Constituting instrument
  • Law of the National Guard (2019)
General nature
Operational structure
Agency executive
  • Luis Rodríguez Bucio, Commander
This article is part of
a series about
Andrés Manuel López Obrador


TheNational Guard (Spanish:Guardia Nacional) is the nationalgendarmerie ofMexico, created in 2019 by absorbing units and officers from theFederal Police,Military Police, andNaval Police.[1][2]

In 2022, a reform package approved in theMexican Congress transferred command of the National Guard to theSecretariat of National Defense.[3]

History

[edit]
Members of the National Guard

The National Guard was launched byPresidentAndrés Manuel López Obrador in 2019. It has since played a major part in intensifying the enforcement of immigration policy.[4] Before becoming president, López Obrador campaigned on a promise to take the military off the streets.[2] Shortly after assuming office, he released a plan to create the National Guard under control of theMexican Armed Forces which would be in charge of "preventing and combating crime".[2][5] López Obrador stated that the new National Guard would be critical to solving Mexico's ongoing security crisis.[1][6]

On 28 February,Congress voted to approve a 60,000-member national guard.[6] On 27 May 2019, the law regulating the National Guard entered into force.[7] On 30 June 2019, the National Guard was officially established.[8][9]

In June 2019, as part of a deal with theUnited States, Mexico agreed to deploy the newly formed National Guard toits border withGuatemala.[10][11] The guard was not enforcingimmigration policy, but after a certain period of time they started to enforce immigration policy.[10][11]

A 2019 survey sponsored byThe Washington Post and Mexican newspaperReforma gathered information on public opinion regarding bothillegal immigration to Mexico and the National Guard.[4] The survey was conducted from 9 July to 14 July 2019, among 1,200 adults across the country in 100 election districts by way of face-to-face interviews.[4] A 53% majority voiced their trust in the National Guard, with two-thirds saying that they would like the National Guard to be in their city, whereas 45% report that they feel there is awith the domestic force.[4] Furthermore, the survey said 51% of Mexicans support utilizing the country's recently formed National Guard to repel migration by illegal immigrants.[4]

Command structure

[edit]

Legislative acts of Congress assign full control of the National Guard to theSecretary of Security and Civilian Protection, who is in charge of all matters related to the National Guard in law enforcement, public security and the Secretariat of National Defense related to its military work as auxiliary to the Mexican Armed Forces.[9]

According to Article 12 of the Law of the National Guard, it is organized on five command levels:[7]

  • Secretary of Security and Civilian Protection/Secretary of National Defense
  • Operational Commander
  • Territorial Coordinator
  • State Coordinator
  • Unit Coordinator

Ranks

[edit]

According to articles 29 and 30 of the Law of the National Guard, the ranks are:[7]

Commissioned officers

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Rank groupGeneral / flag officersSenior officersJunior officers
Commissioners GeneralInspectorsOfficers
Mexican National Guard
Comisario GeneralComisario JefeComisarioInspector GeneralInspector JefeInspectorSubinspector PrimeroSubinspector SegundoOficialSuboficial

Basic scale ladder

[edit]
Rank groupSenior NCOsJunior NCOsEnlisted
Mexican National Guard
Agente MayorAgenteSubagenteGuardia Nacional

Equipment

[edit]

Aircraft

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"A Look At Mexico's New National Guard".NPR. 13 July 2019. Retrieved14 July 2019.
  2. ^abcSieff, Kevin; Sheridan, Mary Beth (10 June 2019)."Mexico is sending its new national guard to the Guatemala border. The mission is unclear".The Washington Post. Retrieved14 July 2019.
  3. ^"Pase de la Guardia Nacional a la Sedena es oficial: AMLO publica decreto en el DOF".El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved27 September 2022.
  4. ^abcdeClement, Scott; Sieff, Kevin (17 July 2019)."Unauthorized Immigrants Face Public Backlash in Mexico, Survey".The Washington Post. Retrieved17 July 2019.
  5. ^"Plan Nacional de Paz y Seguridad"(PDF).transicion.mx (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 10 November 2019. Retrieved14 July 2019.
  6. ^abSemple, Kirk; Villegas, Paulina (28 February 2019)."Mexico Approves 60,000-Strong National Guard. Critics Call It More of the Same".The New York Times. Retrieved14 July 2019.
  7. ^abc"LEY DE LA GUARDIA NACIONAL"(PDF) (in Spanish). 9 September 2022. Retrieved28 February 2023.
  8. ^Acuerdo por el que se establecen los elementos de la Policía Federal, de la Policía Militaré de la Policía Naval que integrarán la Guardia Nacional (Acuerdo) (in Spanish). 2019.
  9. ^abCorrea, Catalina Pérez (8 August 2019)."México necesita una Guardia Nacional realmente civil".The New York Times (in Spanish). Retrieved9 August 2019.
  10. ^ab"Mexico Scrambles To Establish National Guard After Promising To Tighten Border".NPR. 10 June 2019. Retrieved14 July 2019.
  11. ^abSemple, Kirk (14 June 2019)."Mexico's National Guard, a 'Work in Progress,' Deployed to Curb Migration".The New York Times.Mexico City. Retrieved14 July 2019.

External links

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