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| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 11 March 1986; 39 years ago (1986-03-11) |
| Jurisdiction | Government of India |
| Headquarters | New Delhi,Delhi,India |
| Motto | Empowering Indian Police with Information Technology |
| Agency executive |
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| Parent department | Ministry of Home Affairs |
| Key document | |
| Website | ncrb.gov.in |
TheNational Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is an Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzingcrime data, as defined by theIndian Penal Code (IPC) and Special and Local Laws (SLL). NCRB is headquartered inNew Delhi and is part of theMinistry of Home Affairs (MHA).
NCRB was set up in 1986 to function as a repository of information on crime and criminals, to assist investigators in linking crime to the perpetrators. It was set up based on the recommendation of the Task force 1985 and the National Police Commission 1977, by merging the Directorate of Coordination and Police Computer (DCPC) with the Inter-State Criminals Data Branch and the Central Fingerprint Bureau of theCentral Bureau of Investigation (CBI). The statistical branch of theBureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) was previously also merged with the NCRB, but was later de-merged.[2]
A 10-digit National Fingerprint Number (NFN) is assigned by National Automated Fingerprint Identification System NAFIS to every individual who is arrested for a crime. Different offenses reported under variousfirst information reports will be associated with the same NFN, and this unique ID would be used for the individual's lifetime. The first two digits of the ID will be the state code where the individual who was arrested for a crime is registered, and then a sequence number. The Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems database is linked to NAFIS.[3][4]
On August 17, 2022, inNew Delhi,Home MinisterAmit Shah launched the National Automated Fingerprint Identification System (NAFIS). The NCRB is in charge of its development and administration. The NAFIS is a searchable database offingerprints linked to illegal activity and crime nationwide. It is a24/7 service which allows law enforcement authorities to upload, trace, and retrieve data from the database in real time.Madhya Pradesh was the first state to use the NAFIS to identify a deceased individual in April 2022.[3][4] In order to create a national database of criminal fingerprints, the NCRB supplied equipment to all Districts, the Police Commissionerate, the State Fingerprint Bureaux, the Central Fingerprint Bureau, and Central Law Enforcement Agencies. NAFIS is connected with the Fingerprint Identification System of every State andunion territory. As a result of NAFIS's implementation, a searchable national repository including 1.06crore criminal fingerprint records as of October 31, 2024, is now available to authorized users.[5]
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