| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1934 (1934) |
| Dissolved | 2015 (2015) |
| Superseding agency | |
| Jurisdiction | United States government |
| Headquarters | Asheville, North Carolina |
| Annual budget | $65 million (2013)[1] |
| Agency executive |
|
| Website | ncdc |
The United StatesNational Climatic Data Center (NCDC), previously known as theNational Weather Records Center (NWRC), inAsheville,North Carolina, was the world's largest active archive of weather data.
In 2015, the NCDC merged with two other federal environmental records agencies to become theNational Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).[2]
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In 1934, the U.S. government established a tabulation unit inNew Orleans, Louisiana, to process weather records. Climate records and upper air observations were punched onto cards in 1936. This organization was transferred toAsheville, North Carolina, in 1951, where the National Weather Records Center (NWRC).[3] It was housed in theGrove Arcade Building in Asheville, North Carolina.
Processing of the climate data was accomplished at Weather Records Processing Centers atChattanooga, Tennessee;Kansas City, Missouri; and San Francisco, California, until January 1, 1963, when it was consolidated with the NWRC.[4]
In 1967, the agency was renamed the National Climatic Data Center.[5]
In 1995, the NCDC moved into the newly completed Veach-Baley Federal Complex in downtown Asheville.
In 2015, the NCDC merged with the National Geophysical Data Center and the National Oceanographic Data Center to become theNational Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).[2]
Data were received from a wide variety of sources, includingweather satellites,radar,automated airport weather stations,National Weather Service (NWS)Cooperative Observers, aircraft, ships,radiosondes,wind profilers,rocketsondes,solar radiation networks, and NWS Forecast/Warnings/Analyses Products.
The Center provided historical perspectives onclimate which were vital to studies on globalclimate change, thegreenhouse effect, and otherenvironmental issues. The Center stored information essential to industry, agriculture, science,hydrology, transportation,recreation, and engineering. These services are still provided by the NCEI.
The NCDC said:
Evidence is mounting that global climate is changing. While it is generally accepted that humans are negatively influencing the climate, the extent to which humans are responsible is still under study. Regardless of the causes, it is essential that a baseline of long-term climate data be compiled; therefore, global data must be acquired, quality controlled, and archived. Working with international institutions such as theInternational Council of Scientific Unions, theWorld Data Centers, and theWorld Meteorological Organization, NCDC develops standards by which data can be exchanged and made accessible.
NCDC provides the historical perspective on climate. Through the use of over a hundred years of weather observations, reference data bases are generated. From this knowledge the clientele of NCDC can learn from the past to prepare for a better tomorrow. Wise use of our most valuable natural resource, climate, is the goal of climate researchers, state and regional climate centers, business, and commerce.[6]
NCDC also maintained World Data Center for Meteorology, Asheville. The four World Centers (U.S., Russia, Japan and China) have created a free and open situation in which data and dialogue are exchanged.
NCDC maintained theU.S. Climate Reference Network datasets and a vast number of other climate monitoring products.[7]
{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal= (help)| International | |
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