Beginning in 1949, as it underwent sustained industrial growth, Nanning's economy began developing beyond its former role, and the city became essentially a commercial and administrative centre.[7] Today, Nanning is considered the economic, financial and cultural center of Guangxi, and the chief centre for the training of theZhuang minority in Guangxi.[8] ThePeople's Park is located in the center of the city. The city also serves as a gateway for the China-ASEAN opening up and cooperation.[8]
Nanning, an ancient city with a long history and rich culture, was part ofBaiyue ethnic groups in the ancient time.[10] In the first year of Daxing period ofEastern Jin Dynasty (AD 318), Jinxing County, established here as one of the county towns, ushered a history of 1700 years of Nanning organizational system. During the Zhenguan period ofTang dynasty (AD 632), it was renamed Yong prefecture (Yongzhou) and established Yongzhou government seat, which is why it has been called Yong (邕) for short. In the first year of Taiding period ofYuan dynasty (AD1318), Yongzhou was renamed Nanning, meaning the Pacified South.
Nanning was once the territory of the Baiyue people and became the capital of Jinxing Prefecture which was separated fromYulin Prefecture of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 1076 during theLý–Song War Yongzhou was besieged by Lý forces. Under the leadership of Su Jian, the garrison held out for forty-two days before succumbing. The city was razed to the ground and its people massacred byLý dynasty.
In theYuan dynasty in 1324, it was renamed Nanning Lu (Nanning Circuit) of Yongzhou. Historically, Nanning was famous for trade, and had permanent business offices from other areas in China since theSong dynasty. In theMing dynasty Nanning developed into an economic center of the Zuo River and the You River with the reputation of "LittleNanjing".
On 4 December 1949, Nanning was captured by the Communist Party.[11] in January 1950, Nanning municipality was set up, and identified as the capital city of Guangxi on 8 February of the same year; in March 1958, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established, and Nanning municipality was the capital city.
Nanning served as host for the annual China–ASEAN Expo (CASEAN Expo) which began in 2004.[12] The city was also the venue for the 2006 World Robotics Olympiad.[13]
Elephant Fountain on Minzu RoadNanning Wuxiang New Area
Nanning is home of the 21st tallest building[14] in the People's Republic of China, theDiwang International Commerce Center, at 276 m (906 ft), currently the tallest building in Guangxi and in southwestern China outsideChongqing. The second tallest building in Nanning is theWorld Trade Commerce City at 218 meters. The city currently has seven buildings taller than 100 m (330 ft), built or under construction.
Nanning has many parks with tropical lush green landscape, it is one of the "greenest" cities in China, and it's known as "Green City"(绿城). Nanning's downtown skyline is rapidly changing and the city is becoming an important hub in China.
Recently, the government has begun a citywide beautification plan which aimed to further clean up the city and improve its image. This involved curtailing the number of street-side food vendors operating without proper licenses and restricting parking in busy streets. The program has achieved initial success, long-term efforts are still needed to deliver lasting results.[citation needed]
Nanning'sGDP in 2015 was 341 billion RMB.[15] The GDP per capita was $7,844. Foreign exports in 2007 were US$10 billion. Foreign fixed asset investment was 34.3 billion RMB. Nanning has six development zones and industrial parks, three of which accounted for 6 billion RMB of Nanning's GDP, more than 8 percent of Nanning's total. Mineral resources include gold, iron, manganese, aluminum, quartz, silver, indium, coal, marble, and granite with a third of China's different types of mineral resources found in Nanning.
Nanning Metro system is known for its Nanning Rail Transit (NNRT), expected to comprise a total of nine lines. The first was completed and put into operation in June 2016, the second began operation in December 2017. Line 3 began operation in 2019, and Line 4 began operation in 2020. Line 1 connects the East and West of Nanning, linking the financial and political center and the academic and research center of Nanning.
At the end of 2013, some high-speed service has been introduced on theHunan–Guangxi railway and on the railway line that connects Nanning withBeihai (as well as its branch toFangchenggang).[18][19] Guangxi is also a conjunction of Guangzhou-Guiyang Highspeed Rail.
Nanning's warm climate gives it a large amount ofbiodiversity. There are many species of animals and more than 3,000 species of plants. The city flower is theJaba flower, an evergreen shrub, and the city tree is thealmond tree which is regarded as the backbone tree used for greening and landscaping throughout the city.
Nanning is located in the southern part of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 160 km (99 mi) from the border withVietnam. It has an administrative area of 22,293 km2 (8,607 sq mi).[20] Nanning is situated in a hilly basin with elevations between 70 and 500 m (230 and 1,640 ft) above sea-level.Qingxiu Mountain dominates the southern part of town.
Nanning has a warm,humid subtropical climate (KöppenCfa), It borders the subtropical monsoon climate (KöppenCwa).with an annual mean temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). Summers are hot and humid with July, the hottest month, having a 24-hour average temperature of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F). Winters are mild and somewhat damp with January, the coolest month, averaging 13.3 °C (55.9 °F). From February to August, rain is most frequent andrelative humidity consistently averages above 80 percent; the annual rainfall is 1,269 millimetres (50.0 in). The area is alsofrost-free for all but 3 or 4 days a year and snowfall is virtually unheard of in the city, with a single exception since 1900: in December 1975 snow fell on the city albeit without sticking to the ground. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −2.1 to 40.4 °C (28 to 105 °F) on 12 January, 1955 and May 9, 1958 respectively.[21][22] With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 15 percent in March to 51 percent in September, the city receives 1,579 hours of bright sunshine annually.
Climate data for Nanning, elevation 152 m (499 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–2020)
As of the2020 Chinese census, Nanning had a population of 8,741,584, of which 5,293,359 live in its built-up (or metro) area made of 6 urban districts, Wuming District not being conurbated yet. Nanning is a city in whichZhuang ethnic group live in compact communities. Thirty-fiveethnic groups live in compact communities in Nanning, including people of Zhuang,Han,Yao,Hui,Miao, Dong, and Man minorities.
Nanning is the center of science and technology, education, culture and health in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. There are altogether 54 scientific research institutes subordinate to districts. 10 colleges and 50 trade schools are training specialised personnel of all kinds. Now there are 62 mass cultural organizations, 13 performing groups, 8 cinemas, 285 projecting units, over 70 karaoke halls and over 1000 newsstands. Bookshops and cultural markets can be found everywhere.
Nanning has not only local cuisine but also food from other areas of China and abroad. Traditional food culture can be found around most streets of Nanning. Nanning food shares the style ofCantonese food and of Southeast Asia.Chinese cuisine including Guangdong,Sichuan,Hunan andJiangsu as well asJapanese,Thai andWestern cuisines can be found.
Rice noodles are very popular among the Nanning people.Laoyou rice noodles are the most famous, while other noodle dishes such asGuilin rice noodles and hand made noodles can be found. Laoyou rice noodles (means old friend rice noodles) are made of fry up pepper, sour bamboo shoots, black beans and garlic, then pork, and then soup and rice noodles. The sour-spicy tasting noodles are a very popular and cheap favorite street food for all meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) in Nanning.
Nanning is close toscenic Guilin, with its world-famous hillscape, northern and westernGuangxi and its minority villages, and the border withVietnam in the south. Tourist attractions in Nanning includeGuangxi Museum,People's Park with the Zhenning Fort, Mount Qingxiu, Guangxi Medicinal Herb Botanical Garden,[29] andYangmei Ancient Town.[30] Other places of interest include Nanhu Park, Shishan Park and Nanning Zoo.
^"古代南宁政权更迭史及审判史迹" [The history of regime change and trial history in ancient Nanning]. Nanning Court Network Editorial Board. 27 September 2013.Archived from the original on 24 December 2020.
^Huang, Yanmei (黄艳梅); Yang, Zhixiong (杨志雄) (25 March 2008).2007南宁市GDP总量首次突破一千亿元人民币.中新广西网 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived fromthe original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved23 July 2015 – viaXinhua Guangxi.
^广西再开通运营9对动车组 陈武宣布高铁开通 [Guangxi opens newCRH service, with 9 pairs of train a day. Chen Wu announces the opening of high-speed service].huochepiao.com. 31 December 2013.Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved2 January 2014.
^南宁市 (in Chinese (China)). Archived fromthe original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved11 June 2008.
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