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| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Automotive |
| Founded | 1947; 78 years ago (1947) (Nanjing) |
| Headquarters | Nanjing ,China |
| Owner | P.R. China |
| Parent | SAIC Motor |
| Website | www |
| Nanjing Automobile | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 南京汽車集團有限公司 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation | ||||||
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Nanjing Automobile is astate-owned enterprise with a history that dates from 1947,[1][2] making it the oldest of theChineseautomobile manufacturers[1] although the comparatively youngerFAW Automotive was the first to make cars.[3]
The group's products have included cars, trucks, and buses.[1]
Nanjing Auto merged with the much largerSAIC in 2007[4] becoming a subsidiary of that company.[2]
The history of the corporation dates to 1947[1][2] during theChinese Civil War.[citation needed] In July 1949, a repair service center attached to the East China Field Army (which later became the Third Field Army) took control of an automobile workshop inNanjing,Jiangsu province, former capital of theRepublic of China, after thePeople's Liberation Army had conquered the city.[citation needed]
In the 1950s, oversight of the small automobile workshop that would become Nanjing Automobile was transferred to China's First Ministry of Industrial Machinery.[citation needed] It began making China's first domestically produced light-duty trucks in 1958,[5] the 2½ ton NJ-130, based on theGAZ-51 from the Soviet Union. The Ministry branded the truckGuerin (跃进牌汽车 - literally meaning "Leap Forward") and approved the establishment of Nanjing Automobile Works that same year.[6] Truck production continued until July 1987 at which point 161,988 units of various models including the NJ-130, NJ-230, NJ-135, and NJ-134 had been built.[6]
Guerin later becameYue Jin while the Mandarin name remains跃进.
Nanjing Auto has repeatedly usedtechnology transfers to make the company morecompetitive.
In the mid-1980s, Nanjing Auto purchased designs and moulds fromIsuzu[7] and obtained technology from the ItalianIveco, the commercial vehicle unit ofFiat,[8] participating in a spate of technology transfer deals circa 1980 that saw Japanese designs and machinery sold to Chinese buyers.[7]
TheIveco purchases allowed Nanjing Auto to produce a version of theIveco Daily.[9]
In 2000 the design, and possibly the tooling, forSEAT's first generationIbiza was purchased and the car sold in China as theNanjing Yuejin Soyat.[10]
Nanjing Auto acquired some assets ofMG Rover Group and Powertrain Ltd in 2005 after the group had enteredadministration. According to the purchase agreement, Nanjing Auto bought MG,Austin, and some other dormant British car brands, and the production technology and equipment for theMG ZT andMG TF models. Some equipment andblueprints were repossessed byHonda, as itsintellectual property was used in some of MG Rover vehicles, in particular, theRover 45 andMG ZS, which were based on theHonda Domani.[1]
Nanjing Auto decided to establish production bases for MGs atLongbridge andNanjing.[citation needed] A plan to open another factory inArdmore, Oklahoma, USA was not realized. The production of engines, transmissions and medium and low end vehicle products would be transferred to China, where a supply chain would also be set up. A production facility would be retained in the UK, with the original Longbridge site integrated to resume the production ofMG TF sport cars. Meanwhile, by making use of theR&D capability and personnel in the UK as well as that of China, theEuro IV engines and a new generation of vehicles would be developed and then produced in both China and the UK.
In 2007, Nanjing Auto planned to build 13,000 cars based on theRover 75 / MG ZT sedan, renamedMG 7. These cars would be mostly sedans (saloons), plus some MG 7T estate cars. It also planned 3,000MG TF convertible sports cars.[citation needed]
TheMG Factory of Nanjing Auto is located in the High-level New Technology Economic Development Zone inPukou (a new district ofNanjing). The capacity of the Nanjing-MG Factory will reach 200,000 autos, 250,000 engines and 100,000 gear-boxes.[citation needed]
The initial MG range consisted of just the MG 7 and the MG TF.[11] Nanjing Auto also started production of theRover Streetwise-basedMG 3SW in 2008.[12]
The plant atLongbridge was for many years one of the most important car making factories in Europe as well as the largest British-owned car manufacturing plant, makingAustin cars for most of the 20th century. After theAbingdon plant closed in 1980, Longbridge was also from 1982 the home ofMG and then of the Rover marque which gradually replaced Austin in the late 1980s.[citation needed]
The site is owned bySt. Modwen Properties which acquired 412 acres (1.67 km2) in two deals in 2003 and 2004 for £57.5 million and leased it back to MG Rover Group. A 33-year deal was signed in February 2006 between Nanjing Auto and St. Modwen Properties covering the lease of 105 acres (a quarter of the total area of the Longbridge plant) but including the two main car assembly plants, the paint shop and administrative offices at a rent of around £1.8 million a year. £10 million was estimated to be needed to reopen the factory.[13]
With the merger of Nanjing Auto andSAIC, ownership of the Longbridge plant became a SAIC controlled facility.
Chang Da (畅达) is anNEV sub-brand of Nanjing Automobile andSAIC. Established in 2009, Chang Da has been developing electric light logistics vans for "the last mile" delivery. The first product,Chang Da H9 is based on the structure ofFAW Jiabao V80 (佳宝V80) and took three years to develop before being launched in 2017.[14] The Chang Da H9 could be either bought or leased in fleets.[15]
Nanjing Auto has had at least two joint ventures with the Italian automakerFiat. First, there was a 50/50 joint venture set up in 1999 that collapsed sometime in 2007.[16][17] This was followed by Naveco, a joint venture with Fiat's commercial vehicles unit,Iveco, established in 1996.[18]
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In 1996, Nanjing Auto established Naveco (Nanjing Iveco Automobile Co Ltd[19]) withIveco,[18] Fiat's commercial vehicles unit.[8] The joint venture initially manufactured a version of theIveco Daily for sale in the Chinese market,[18] and, as of 1995, it continued to make light trucks but had added diesel engines as well.[20]
The company acquired the truck manufacturing assets of Yuejin Motor Co sometime in 2007.[18][21]
In July 2017, Naveco started production of the new Iveco China Daily in the new factory of Qiaolin,Nanjing.[22][23]
Naveco products include are listed below:
Another joint venture was Nanjing Fiat,[16] established with Fiat in 1999.[17] This Italian automaker quit the company in 2007[17][24] citing a lack of investment on the part of its Chinese partner.[17]
As of 2006, it was producing four models: the Perla andSiena sedans,Palio, compact andPalio Weekend station wagon.[16] Most of Nanjing Fiat's design and tooling was taken over byZotye in 2008.[25]
The company was located in theJiangning District's Economic & Technological Development Zone inNanjing.[26]
As the company further developed its management, four complete production ecosystems were created.
A major manufacturing base of Nanjing Auto,[27] it makes light-duty trucks under theYuejin brand. The production of Isuzu-based SUVs and pickups was transferred to the Wuxi Soyat branch in 2005.[citation needed]
Sometime in 2007, Yuejin's truck-making business was merged with theIveco-Nanjing Auto joint venture Naveco,[18][21] which continued to sell under theYuejin brand.[19]
Located in an economic development zone inHuishan District,Wuxi, (about 150 km east of Nanjing) the Wuxi Branch of Yuejin Automobile Co is a Nanjing Auto production base, and it may be the newest having been built sometime after 2003.[citation needed] Production of the Junda SUVs and pickups was taken over from Nanjing's Yuejin brand in 2005. By 2008, afterSAIC's takeover of Nanjing, Wuxi Soyat production came to a halt. The factory is now used by SAIC to build theMaxus commercial van.[citation needed]
Yuejin trucks were sold and imported by Surrey-based importer Yuejin UK.[28] Founded in 2003, it offered a range of light commercial trucks including flatbeds, tippers, box vans and refrigerated trucks with styling resembling the Nissan Cabstar (F23).[29] All trucks are powered by engines that can run on both petrol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). A technical specification sheet from 2004 states the model is a Yuejin NJ1030 followed by different designation letters depending on the configuration.[30] It is unknown whether or not the NJ1030's design is based on the Nissan Cabstar or a different truck. The company was planning on importing the Isuzu D-Max-based Xinkai pickup (badged as the Xinkai XK) and a panel van produced by a different Chinese make.[31] The company dissolved in 2013.[32]
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Car brands owned by Nanjing Auto include:
Sometime before the 1980s, Nanjing Auto was under the joint jurisdiction of both the central and local governments.[7] As of 2003, this vehicle manufacturer was owned byYuejin Automobile Group ofJiangsu, which held just over fifty-per cent ownership of the company at this time, and two State firms created to dispose of non-performing bank loans,China Huarong Asset Management andChina Cinda Asset Management.[27]Nanjing Auto is now a subsidiary ofSAIC, having been merged with the much larger automaker in 2007.[34]
A result ofChinese State policy to encouragemergers and acquisitions in the domestic automobile market,SAIC Motor and the state-owned parent company of Nanjing Auto, Yuejin Automotive Group, finalized a long-planned merger in December 2007.[34] Fitful merger negotiations between the two companies had begun in 2001, and the tie-up was widely anticipated.[27] Prior to the merger, but bidding alongside SAIC,[1] Nanjing Auto purchased the remaining assets of British group MG Rover for near US$100 million.[35]
Iveco now runs a light truck joint venture in East China's Jiangsu Province with Nanjing Automobile Group. The venture has an annual output of nearly 20,000 units.
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