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The names used for some major European cities differ in different European and sometimes non-European languages. In some countries where there are two or more languages spoken, such asBelgium orSwitzerland, dual forms may be used within the city itself, for example on signage. This is also the case inIreland, despite a low level of actual usage of theIrish language. In other cases where a regional language is officially recognised, that form of the name may be used in the region, but not nationally. Examples include theWelsh language inWales in the United Kingdom, and parts ofItaly andSpain.
There is a slow trend to return to the local name, which has been going on for a long time.[citation needed] In EnglishLivorno is now used, the old English form of Leghorn having become antiquated at least a century ago. In some cases, such as the replacement ofDanzig withGdańsk, the official name has been changed more recently. Since 1995, the government ofUkraine has encouraged the use ofKyiv rather thanKiev.[1]
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
 Iași | Iași (Romanian*),[KNAB]Iasi - 이아시 (Korean*),Iásio -Ιάσιο (Greek*),Iassium (Latin*),Iassy (French variant*, Historical variant*),Iassi (Historical variant*),Jaš - Јаш (Serbian*),[KNAB]Yash - Яш (Bulgarian),[KNAB]Jasai (Lithuanian*),[KNAB]Jasi' (Latvian*),Jaši - Јаши (Serbian alternative*),Jassenmarkt (archaic German),Jassi (archaic Italian),Jassy (English variant*, German*,[KNAB] Polish*,[KNAB]),Jassy - Яссы (Russian*),[KNAB]Jassy - Ясси (Ukrainian),[KNAB]Jasy (Czech*[KNAB], Slovak*[KNAB]),Jászvásár (Hungarian*),Yaş (Turkish*),Yas -יאס (Yiddish*), Yashi (Romani*),Yashi - (Japanese*),Yassi (Historical variant*),Yassy (Historical variant*),Yǎxī - 雅西 (Mandarin Chinese*),Yosh -יאש (Yiddish alternative) |
 Iglesias | Esglésies* orIglésies* (Catalan),Igeullesiaseu /Igŭllesiasŭ - 이글레시아스 (Korean),Iglesias (Italian*, Romanian*, Spanish*),Igresias (Sardinian)*,Is Cresias (former Sardinian)*,Villa di Chiesa (former Italian)* |
 Iisalmi | Iisalmi (Finnish)*,Idensalmi (Swedish)* |
 Ilanz | Glion (Romansh)*,Ilanz (German)* |
 Ilava | Ilava (Slovak*),Illau (German*),Illava (Hungarian*) |
| Inari | Aanaar (Inari Sami),Anaar (Skolt Sami),Anár (Northern Sami)*,Enare (Swedish)*,Inari (Finnish)*,Inari - 이나리 (Korean) |
 Innsbruck | Dispruch (Ladin),Innsbruck (Finnish*, German*, Romanian*),Innzbruk (Hungarian),Inomost (Old Slovene)*,Innomostí* /Inšpruk* (Czech),Insbruka (Latvian)*,Insbrukas (Lithuanian)*,Insbruque (Portuguese)*,Inseubeurukeu /Insŭbŭruk'ŭ - 인스브루크 (Korean),Insuburukku - インスブルック (Japanese)*,Inzbrik (Yiddish),Inzbruk (Serbian)*,Puntina (Romansh), 因斯布鲁克 (Chinese) |
 Ioannina | Giannina (Italian)*,Ianina (Aromanian, Romanian*),Ioánnina -Ιωάννινα (Greek)*,Janina (Czech*, Finnish*, Lithuanian*, Portuguese*),Janinë* /Janina* (Albanian),Janjina -Јањина (Serbian)*,Joanina (Portuguese variant)*,Yánena -Γιάννενα* andYánina -Γιάννινα* (Greek variants),Yanina (Azeri)*,Yanya (Turkish)* |
  Inverness | Inbhir Nis (Scots Gaelic)*,Inbhear Nis (Irish)*,Inbeoneseu /Inbŏnesŭ - 인버네스 (Korean), 因華尼斯 (Chinese-HK), 因弗內斯 (Chinese-PRC)* |
| Iraklion | SeeHeraklion |
 Istanbul | Further information:Names of Istanbul Carigrad (Slovene),Estambol (Ladino)*,Estambul (Spanish)*,İstanbul (Azeri*, Turkish*),Iostanbúl (Irish),Iseutanbul orIsŭt'anbul – 이스탄불 (Korean),Isutambūru - イスタンブール (Japanese)*,Istamboul (French alternate)*,Istambul Portuguese*),Istambuł* orStambuł* (Polish),Истамбул orЦариград (Bulgarian)استانبول =Estānbol (Persian*),Istanboel (Afrikaans, Dutch*),Isṭanbūl – إسطنبول (Arabic)*,Istanbul (Bosnian*, Croatian*, Czech*, German*, French*, Italian*, Ladino alternate*, Maltese, Romanian*, Serbian* Tagalog*),Isztambul (Hungarian)*,Konstantinúpolis –Κωνσταντινούπολις* orI Póli –Η Πόλη* (i.e. "The City") (Greek),Mikligarður (Icelandic)*,Stamboll (Albanian)*,Stamboul (French alternate [old, rare])*,Stambul – Ստամբուլ (Armenian)*,Stambul –Стамбу́л (Russian*, Ukrainian*),Stambula (Latvian)*,Stambulas (Lithuanian)*,Stambuli –სტამბული (Georgian)*,Stenbol (Kurdish)*,Sztambul (old Hungarian)*,Yīsītǎnbǎo 伊斯坦堡* orYīsītǎnbù'ěr 伊斯坦布爾* (Chinese)Former names:Asitane,Dersaadet,Estambul,Konstantiniye,Konstantinopyla,Kospoli,Kostan,Kushta,Kushtandina orPayitaht (Payitaht, from Persian پایتخت simply means "Capital City",taht meaning "throne"; Turkish variants during Ottoman period),Beasantian orBaile Chòiseam (Scottish Gaelic),an Bhiosáint orCathair Chonstaintín (Irish),Bysans* orByzantion* orKonstantinopel* (Swedish),Bysants* orKonstantinopel* (Norwegian),Bizanc* orCarigrad* orKonstantinopel* (Slovene),Bizánc* orKonstantinápoly* (Hungarian),Bizanci* orConstantinoble* (Catalan),Bizancio* orConstantinopla* (Spanish),Bizâncio* orConstantinopla* (Portuguese),قسطنطنیه = Qostantaniyeh (Persian),Biżanzju orKostantinopli (Maltese),Bizancjum* orCarogród* orKonstantynopol* (Polish),Bizans* orQüstəntiniyyə* (Azeri),Bizant*,Carigrad* orKonstantinopol* (Croatian),Bizanţ*,Constantinopol*,Constantinopole*,Stambul* orŢarigrad* (Romanian),Bisanzio* orCostantinopoli* (Italian),Byzance* orConstantinople* orStamboul* (French),Byzantion* orCařihrad* orKonstantinopol* (Czech),Byzantium* orConstantinopolis* (Latin),Byzantium* orConstantinople* (English),Byzanz* orByzantion* orKonstantinopel* (German),Caergystennin (Welsh)*,Caregrad –Царегра́д,Carjgrad –Царьгра́д,Carjgorod –Царьгород,Vizantij –Виза́нтий orKonstantinopolj –Константино́поль (Russian)*,Carigrad* orKonstantinopolj* orStambol* (Serbian),Carihrad* orKonštantínopol* (Slovak),Constantinopel (Dutch)*,Konseutantinopolliseu orK'onsŭt'ant'inop'ollisŭ – 콘스탄티노폴리스 (Korean),Konstantínópel (Icelandic)*,Konstantinopla (Tagalog*),Konstantinopoli –კონსტანტინოპოლი (Finnish*, Georgian*),Konsutantinōpuru – コンスタンティノープル (Japanese)*,Kostandnoubolis –Կոստանդնուպոլիս* (Armenian),Miklagård (old Swedish)*,Miklagarðr (Old Norse),Qushta – קושטא/איסטנבול (Hebrew)*,Vizántion –Βυζάντιον* orKonstantinoupoli –Κωνσταντινούπολη* (Greek),Bàizhàntíng – 拜占庭 orJūnshìtǎndīngbǎo – 君士坦丁堡 (Chinese)*,Tsarigrad –Цариград (Bulgarian)* |
| Ivalo | Avveel (Inari Sami)*,Âˊvvel (Skolt Sami)*,Avvil (Northern Sami)*,Ivalo (Finnish)* |
 Ivangorod | Ivangorod –Ивангород (Russian)*,Jaanilinn (Estonian)*,Iivananlinna (Finnish) |
 Ivano-Frankivsk | Ivano-Frankivsjk –Івано-Франківськ (Ukrainian)*,Ivano-Frankovsk –Ивано-Франковск (Russian)*,Iwano-Frankowsk (Polish)*,İvano-Frankovsk (Turkish)*,Ivano-Frankivskas (Lithuanian)*,Iwano-Frankiwsk (German)*,Stanislau (former German)*,Stanislavov -Станиславов (former Russian)*,Stanislavovas (former Lithuanian)*,Stanislev -סטאַניסלעװ (Yiddish)*,Stanisławów (former Polish)*,Stanyslaviv -Станиславів (former Ukrainian)* |
 Izegem | Iseghem (French*),Izegem (Dutch*),Izegemas (Lithuanian),Yzegem (West Flemish*) |
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
 Jablonec nad Nisou | Gablonz an der Neiße (German)*,Jabłonec nad Nysą (Polish)* |
| Jablunkov | Jabłonków (Polish)*,Jablunkov (Czech)*,Jablunkau (German)* |
| Jakobstad | Jakobstad (Swedish)*,Pietarsaari (Estonian*, Finnish*) |
 Jarosław | Jaroslau (German)*,Jaroslav (Czech),Jarosław (Polish)*,Yareslev -יאַרעסלעװ (Yiddish)*,Jaroslav -Ярослав (Russian)*, 雅羅斯拉夫 (Chinese) |
| Jastrzębie-Zdrój | Jastrzębie-Zdrój (Polish)*,Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb (German)*,Ястшембе-Здруй (Russian)* |
| Jelšava | Alnovia (Latin),Eltsch (German*),Ilsau (archaic German),Jelschau (archaic German),Jelšava (Slovak*),Jelšava –Јелшава (Serbian*),Jolsva (Hungarian*) |
 Jelgava | Jelgava (Latvian, Lithuanian)*,Mintauja (Old Lithuanian)*,Mitau (German)*,Mitava -Митава* /Jelgava -Елгава* (Russian),Mitawa (Polish)* |
 Jena | Iéna (French)*,Iena (Portuguese*, Romanian*),Jena (German)*,Iena -Ιένα (Greek)*,Jéna (Hungarian)*,Jjena -Йена (Russian)* 耶拿 (Chinese) |
| Jihlava | Iglau (German)*,Igława (Polish)*,Jihlava (Czech)* |
| Jodoigne | Djodogne (Walloon*),Geldenaken (Dutch*),Geldenaeken (Zeelandic*),Geldoniacum (Latin*)Jodoigne (French*) |
 Jokkmokk | Dálvvadis (Lule Sami alternate),Jåhkåmåhkke (Lule Sami),Johkamohkki (Northern Sami)*,Jokimukka (Finnish)*,Jokinmukka, (Meänkieli),Jokkmokk (Swedish)* |
| Jülich | Gulik (Dutch),Jülich (English, German),Juliers (French) |
 Jurbarkas | Jurbarkas (Lithuanian)*,Georgenburg* /Jurgenburg* /Eurburg* (German),Jurborg /Jurburg' /Yurburg /Yurberig /Yurbrik (Yiddish)*,Jurbarkas (Samogitian)* |
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Kajaani | Kajaani (Finnish)*,Kajana (Swedish)* |
| Kaliningrad | after 2023: Królewiec (Polish)* after 1946: before 1946: |
| Kalix | Calix (former Swedish)*,Gáinnas (Northern Sami)*,Gájnaj (Lule Sami),Gálás (Northern Sami alternate),Kainus (Meänkieli),Kainuu (Finnish)*,Kalix (Swedish)*,Kôlis (local Swedish)* |
| Kamenz | Kamenz (German)*,Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Kamianets-Podilskyi | Kamaniçe (Turkish),Camenecium (Latin)*,Cameniţa (Romanian)*,Kamenets -קאַמענעץ (Yiddish)*,Kamenec-Podoljskij -Каменец-Подольский (Russian)*,Kamieniec Podolski (Polish)*,Kamjanecj-Podiljsjkyj, otherwise transcribed asKamyanets'-Podil's'kyi orKamyanets-Podilskyi -Кам’янець-Подільський (Ukrainian)*,Kamjanets-Podilskyi (Finnish)*,Kamenyec-Podolszkij (Hungarian)*,Kamyanets-Podilskıy (Crimean Tatar), |
| Kamianske | Kamenskoe (former German)*,Kamenskoe - Каменское (Russian),Kamenskoye (former English),Kamianske (English, French, Portuguese, Romanian),Kamianskė (Lithuanian),Kamianské (Spanish),Kamianske - Кам'янскэ (Belarusian),Kamienskaje - Каменскае (Taraškievica Belarusian),Kamieńskie (Polish),Kamjanske (Czech, Dutch, Estonian, German, Latvian),Kamjanszke (Hungarian),Kamyanske (Crimean Tatar, Turkish),Kamian'ske - Камяньске (Rusyn),Kam'ians'ke - Кам'янське (Ukrainian) in 1936-2016: |
| Kandalaksha | Kandalakša -Кандалакша (Russian)*,Kannanlahti* /Kantalahti* (Finnish),Käddluhtt (Skolt Sami) |
| Kartuzy | Cartusia (Latin)*,Karthaus (German)*,Kartuzë (Kashubian)*,Kartuzy (Polish)* |
| Kaskinen | Kaskinen (Finnish),Kaskö (Swedish) |
| Katowice | Katowice (Polish*, Hungarian*),Katovicai (Lithuanian)*,Katovice (Bulgarian*),Katovice (Czech*, Latvian*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovakian*),Katoviçe (Turkish)*,Kattowitz (German)*;Stalinogród (Polish 1953–1956)* |
| Kaunas | Caunas (Portuguese)*,Kauen (German)*,Kovna - קובנה (Hebrew),Kauņa (Latvian)*,Kaunas (Azeri*, Finnish*, Lithuanian*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Swedish*, Turkish*),Kaunas -Каунас (Bulgarian*, Russian*),Kaunaseu /K'aunasŭ - 카우나스(Korean)*,Kaunasu - カウナス (Japanese)*,Kauns (Samogitian)*,Koŭna -Коўна (Belarusian)*,Kovne -קאָװנע (Yiddish)*,Kovno (Czech)*,Kowno (Polish)*,kaonasi 考那斯 (Chinese)*,Cavm (former Latin, perCarta Marina)*. |
 Kavadarci | Kavadarci (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene),Кавадарци (Macedonian) |
| Kazan | Cazã (Portuguese)*,Kazanj -Казань (Russian)*,Casan (Latin)*,Kasan (German)*,Kazan - カザン (Japanese)*,Kazan (Turkish)*,Kazań (Polish)*,Kazaņa (Latvian)*,Qazan (Azeri*, Tatar*), 喀山 (Chinese)*, ٌقازان (Arabic)* |
| Kem | Kemj' -Кемь (Russian)*,Kemi* orVienan Kemi* (Finnish) |
| Kemi | Giepma (Northern Sami)* |
/ Kerch | Keriç (Crimean Tatar*),Kerç (Azeri*, Turkish*),Kerč, i.e.Kerch -Керч (Ukrainian)*,Kerč -Керчь (Russian)*,Kercz (Polish)*,Kerci (Romanian)*,Kertš (Finnish)*,Kertsch (German)*,Krč (older Croatian)*, 刻赤 (Chinese)* |
| Kętrzyn | Kętrzyn (Polish)*,Rastenburg (German)* |
| Kežmarok | Caesaropolis (Latin),Käsmark (Garman*),Kejmarok (Azerbaijani*),Kesmark (alternative German),Késmárk (Hungarian*),Kesmarkinum (alternative Latin)Kezmark –קעזמאַרק (Yiddish*),Kežmarok (Slovak*),Kežmarok –Кежмарок (Serbian*),Kežmaroka (Latvian*),Kežmarokas (Lithuanian*),Kieżmark (Polish*),Villa (Saxonum apud Ecclesiam) Sancte Elisabeth (alternative Latin) |
| Kharkiv | Carcóvia (Portuguese)*,Charkov (Czech*, Slovak*),Charkovas (Lithuanian)*,Charkow (German),Charkiv /Charkov (Dutch)*,Charków (Polish)*,Hā'ěrkēfū - 哈尔科夫 (simplified) 哈爾科夫 (traditional) (Chinese),Hareukiu /Harŭk'iu - 하르키우 (Korean)*,Harkov (Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovene),Harkova (Latvian*, Finnish*),Harkov (Hungarian)*,Hárkovo -Χάρκοβο (Greek)*,Harukiu - ハルキウ (Japanese)*,Karkov (Turkish)*,Kharkiv -Харків (Ukrainian)*,Kharkov orKhar'kov orKharjkov -Харьков (Russian)*, خاركوف (Arabic) |
| Kičevo | Kërçovë (Albanian),Kičevo (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene),Kičevo -Кичево (Macedonian) |
| Kiel | Kiel (Estonian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian*, Low Saxon*, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Swedish*, Turkish*),Kil (North Frisian)*,Ķīle (Latvian)*,Kilonia (Polish)*,Kylis (Lithuanian)*,Quília (Portuguese, rare)*,[2]Kielo -Κίελο (Greek)*, 基爾 (Chinese) |
| Kielce | Kielce (Polish)*,Kelts - קעלץ (Yiddish)*,Keljcy -Кельцы*,Keljce -Кельце (Russian)* (Russian) |
 Kikinda | Chichinda Mare (Romanian)*,Grosskikinda (German)*,Nagykikinda (Hungarian*) |
| Kırklareli | Kırkkilise (former Ottoman Turkish)*,Kırklareli (Turkish)*,Lozengrad -Лозенград (Bulgarian)*,Qırxlareli (Azeri)*,Saránda Eklisiés -Σαράντα Εκκλησιές* /Saránda Eklisíe -Σαράντα Ἐκκλησίαι* (Greek) |
 Kilkenny | Cill Chainnigh (Irish)* |
| Killarney | Cill Áirne (Irish) |
| Kirov | Iljna -Ильна (historic Mari),[KNAB]Iljna-ola -Ильна-ола (historic Mari),[KNAB]Ilna -Илна (historic Meadow Mari),Ilna-ola -Илна-Ола (historic Meadow Mari),[3]Jīluòfū -基洛夫 (Mandarin Chinese*),Kiraŭ -Кіраў (Belarusian*),Kirov -Киров (Russian*),[KNAB]Kirov -Кіров (Ukrainian*),Kirow (Polish*),Kīrofu -キーロフ (Japanese*),Kolın -Колын (historic Tatar),Kylno -Кылно (historic Udmurt),[KNAB]Vatka -Ватка (historic Udmurt),[KNAB]Vätka -Вятка (historic Tatar),Vjatka -Вятка (historic Russian [1780–1934]),[KNAB]Vyatoka -ヴャトカ (historic Japanese*),Xlynov -Хлынов (historic Russian [ca. 1457–1780])[KNAB] |
| Kiruna | Giron (Northern Sami)*,Gierun (Lule Sami),Kieruna (Meänkieli),Kiiruna (Finnish)*,Kiruna (Swedish)*,Kiruna /K'iruna - 키루나 (Korean) |
| Klagenfurt | Clagenfurth (historic German),Klagenfurt (German*, Dutch*, Romanian*),Clanfurt (Friulian*),Celovec (Czech*, Slovene*),Kurāgenfuruto - クラーゲンフルト (Japanese)*,Želanec (alternative Czech name)* |
| Klaipėda | Klaipeda (Estonian*, Finnish*),Klaipėda (Lithuanian*, Romanian*),Klaipēda (Latvian)*,Klaipieda (Samogitian)*,Klajpeda (Belarusian)*,Kłajpeda (Polish)*,Meemel (former Estonian)*,Memel* andMemelburg* (German),Mēmele (former Latvian)* |
| Kłodzko | Kłodzko (Polish),Kladsko (Czech and Slovak),Klodzkas (Lithuanian),Glatz (German),Glacium orGlacensis urbs (Latin) |
| Klosters | Claustra (Romansh),Claustra-Sernaus (alternative Romansh),Klosters (German)*, 克洛斯達斯 (Chinese) |
| Kolárovo | Guta (archaic Slovak),Gúta (Hungarian*),Gutta (archaic Hungarian),Kolarovas (Lithuanian*),Kolarovo (Serbo-Croatian*),Kolárovo (Slovak*),Kolārovo (Latvian*) |
 Kobarid | Caporetto (Italian*, Romanian*),Cjaurêt (Friulian)*,Karfreit (German)*,Kobarid (Slovene)* |
| Kokkola | Kokkola (Finnish),Karleby (Swedish),Gamlakarleby (old Swedish) |
| Kolkwitz | Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian),Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German)* |
| Kolomyia | Colomeea (Romanian)*,Kilemey -קילעמײ (Yiddish)*,Kolomea (German)*,Kołomyja (Polish)*,Kolomyja -Коломия (Ukrainian)*,Kolomyja -Коломыя (Russian)* |
| Komárno | Brigetio (archaic Latin),Comaromium (Latin),Comorra (alternative German),Komarnas (Lithuanian*),Komarno -Комарно (Bulgarian*),Komarno (Azerbaijani*),Komárno (Slovak*),Komārno (Latvian*),Komárom (Hungarian*),Komoran (Serbo-Croatian*),Komoran –Коморан (Serbain*),Komorn (German*),Öreg-komárom (alternative Hungarian),Révkomárom (alternative Hungarian) |
 Komárom | Brigetio (archaic Latin),Comaromium (Latin),Comorra (alternative German),Komárno (Slovak*),Komarom (Azerbaijani),Komárom (Hungarian*, Serbo-Croatian*),Komoran (Croatian*),Komarom –Комаром (Serbian*),Komorn (German*) |
| Komotini | Gümülcine (Turkish)*,Komotini -Κομοτηνή (Greek)*,Gjumjurdžina –Гюмюрджина (Bulgarian)*,Comotena (Latin)* |
| Kondopoga | Kondopoga -Кондопога (Russian)*,Kontupohja (Finnish)* |
| Konstanz | Constance (French*, English variant*),Constança* /Constância* (Portuguese),Costanza (Italian)*,Konstanca (Serbian)*,Konstanca (Hungarian)*,Konstancja* /Konstanca* (Polish),Kostnice (Czech)*,Konstántza -Κωνστάντζα* /Konstandía -Κωνσταντία* (Greek), 康斯坦茨 (Chinese) |
| Köpenick | Köpenick (German)*,Kopanica (Polish)*,Kopník (Czech)* |
| Koper | Capodistria (Italian)*,Kopar (Croatian*, Serbian*),Koper (Slovene*, Hungarian*, Polish*),Cjaudistre (Friulian)* |
 Korçë | Corizza (Italian)*,Görice (Turkish)*,Korča -Корча (Bulgarian)*,Korçë* /Korça* (Albanian),Koritsá -Κορυτσά (Greek)* |
| Kortrijk | Contrai (Aragonese*),Cortoriacum (Latin*),Cortrique (Spanish*),Courtrai (alternative English*, French*, Italian*, Galician*, Lombard* alternative Portuguese*),Courtray (alternative English*),Cortrai (Occitan*),Kortreika (Latvian*)Kortreikas (Lithuanian*),Kortrejko (Esperanto*),Kortreyk (Azerbaijani),Kortriek (Zeelandic*),Kortrijk (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, Portuguese*),Kortryk (West Flemish*) |
| Košice | Cassovia orCaschovia (Latin)*,Caşovia (old Romanian)*,Kassa (Hungarian)*,Cassovie (French)*,Kaschau (German)*,Kasha (Romani)*,Kashòy -קאַשוי (Yiddish),Košice (Czech*, Romanian*, Serbian*, Slovak*),Kösice (Turkish),Košycy -Кошицы,Košicе -Кошице (Russian*),Košyсe, i.e.Koshytse -Ко́шице (Ukrainian*),Košyсi, i.e.Koshytsi -Ко́шиці (older Ukrainian variant*),Koszyce (Polish)*, קושיצה (Hebrew) |
 Kosovo Polje | Amselfeld (German)*,Câmpia Mierlei (Romanian)*,Champ des merles (French)*,Fushë Kosova (Albanian)*,Kosova Ovası (Turkish),Kosovo Polje (Serbian*, Slovene),Kosowe Pole (Polish)*,Kosifopédhio -Κοσσυφοπέδιο (Greek)*,Merelveld (Afrikaans*, Dutch*),Rigómező (Hungarian, only in historic context)* |
 Kotor | Cátaro (Portuguese)*,Cattaro (Italian)*,Kotor (Croatian*, Serbian*) |
| Kovel | Kovel' -Ковель (Russian*, Ukrainian*),Kovl -קאָװל (Yiddish)*,Kowel (Polish)* |
| Kozani | Kozani -Κοζάνη (Greek)*,Kožani -Кожани (Bulgarian)*,Cojani (Aromanian) |
| Kraków | Cracovia (Latin, Italian*, Romanian*, Spanish*),Cracòvia (Catalan*),Cracóvia (Portuguese)*,Cracovie (French*),Cracow (English)*,Keurakupeu /K'ŭrak'up'ŭ - 크라쿠프 (Korean),Krakaŭ -Кракаў (Belarusian)*,Kraká (Icelandic)*,Krakau (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, German*),Krakiv -Краків (Ukrainian)*,Krakkó (Hungarian)*,Krakov (Croatian*, Czech*, Slovak*, Slovene*, Turkish*),Krakov -Краков (Bulgarian*, Russian*, Serbian*),Krakova (Latvian*, Finnish*),Krakovía -Κρακοβία (Greek)*,Krakovja (Maltese),Krakovo (Esperanto)*,Krakow (English)*,Kraków (Polish*, Swedish*),Krākūf - كراكوف (Arabic*, Persian*),Kroke -קראָקע (Yiddish)*,Krokuva (Lithuanian)*,Kurakufu - クラクフ (Japanese)*, კრაკოვი (Georgian)*, 克拉科夫 (Kèlākēfu) (Chinese)* |
| Kráľovský Chlmec | Királyhelmec (Hungarian*),Kraljovski Hlmec (Serbo-Croatian*),Kraljovski Hlmec –Краљовски Хлмец (Serbian*),Krāļovski Hlmeca (Latvian*),Kráľovský Chlmec (Slovak*) |
| Krásno nad Kysucou | Karásznó (Hungarian*),Krásno nad Kysucou (Slovak*),Krásno nad Kysucou –Красно над Кисуцоу (Serbian*),Krāsno pie Kisucas (Latvian*) |
| Kremnica | Cremnicia (Latin*),Körmöcbánya (Hungarian*),Kremnica (Slovak*),Kremnjica (Serbo-Croatian*),Kremnjica –Кремњица (Serbian*),Kremnitsa (Azerbaijani*),Kremnitz (German*) |
| Kristianstad | Christianstad (Danish)*,Christianstadt (former German)*,Kristianstad (German*, Swedish*),Kristianstadas (Lithuanian)* |
| Kristinestad | Christinae Stadh (former Swedish)*,Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish)*,Kristinestad (Swedish)*,Kristingrad -Кристинград (Serbian)*,Krinstianstad (Polish)* |
| Krnov | Carnovia (Latin)*,Jägerndorf (German)*,Karniów (former Polish)*,Krnov (Czech)*,Krnów (Polish)* |
| Krompachy | Krombach (German*),Korompa (Hungarian*),Krompachy (Slovak*),Krompahi (Latvian*, Serbo-Croatian*),Krompahi –Кромпахи (Serbian*) |
| Kropyvnytskyi | Kropõvnõtskõi (Estonian)*,Kropyvnyc’kyjКропивницький (Ukrainian)* |
| Krupina | Karpfen (German*),Korpona (Hungarian*),Krupina (Slovak*),Krupina –Крупина (Serbian*) |
| Kudowa-Zdrój | Bad Kudowa (German)*,Chudoba (Czech)*,Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish)* |
| Kumanovo | Kumanovo (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene),Kumanowo (Polish)*Kumanovo -Куманово (Macedonian) |
 Kuressaare | Arensburg (former German*, former Swedish*),Kuressaari (Finnish)* |
| Kwidzyn | Kwidzyn (Polish)*,Marienwerder (German)* |
| Kyiv | Chiu (old Romanian)[citation needed],Cív (Irish),Jīfǔ - 基辅 (simplified) 基輔 (traditional) (Chinese),Kænugarður (Icelandic)*,Kíev (Catalan),Kiefu - キエフ /Kīu - キーウ (Japanese)*,Kiëv (Dutch)*,Kiev (Interlingua, Italian*, Maltese, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Swedish*, Turkish*),Kiev -קיִעװ (Yiddish)*,Kijeŭ -Кіеў (Belarusian)*,Kíevo -Κίεβο (Greek)*,Kiew (German)*,Kiiev (Estonian)*,Kijev (Croatian*, Hungarian*, Serbian*, Slovene*),Kijeva (Latvian)*,Kijevas (Lithuanian)*,Kiyev (Azeri)*,Kijów (Polish)*,Kiova (Finnish)*,Kiyepeu /K'iyep'ŭ - 키예프 (Korean),Kiyev -Киев (Russian)*,Kīyif - كييف (Arabic),Kyjev (Czech*, Slovak*),Kyyiv,Kyiv -Київ (Ukrainian*),Kiev -Киев (Macedonian*),Kiōvia (Latin),Qiyev - קייב (Hebrew)*,Quieve (Portuguese variant)* |
| Kyle of Lochalsh | Caol Loch Aillse (Scots Gaelic)*,Kayl Oyfn Loch (Yiddish) |
 / Kyrenia | Cirénia /Cirênia (Portuguese)*,Girne (Turkish)*,Kerínia -Κερύνεια (Greek)* |
| Kysucké Nové Mesto | Kischützneustadt (German*),Kisucke Nove Mestas (Lithuanian*),Kisucke Nove Mesto (Latvian*),Kiszucaújhely (Hungarian*),Kysucké Nové Mesto (Slovak*),Oberneustadl (alternative German) |
| English name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| L'Aquila | after 1939 Àquëlë orL'Aquila (Neapolitan*),Aquila orAquilana civitas (Latin*),Áquila (Portuguese*),L'Àcuiła orŁ'Aquiła (Venetian*),L'Àgogia (Ligurian*),L'Akuila (Azerbaijani*),L'Akvila (Latvian*, Lithuanian*),Lakvila (Albanian*),L'Aquila (Italian*, Basque*, Breton*, Bosnian*, Catalan*, Croatian*, Czech*, Danish*, Dutch*, Estonian*, Finnish*, French*, Galician*, German*, Hungarian*, Irish*, Luxembourgish*, North Frisian*, Norwegian*, Norwegian Nynorsk*, Occitan*, Polish*, Romanian*, Scots*, Serbo-Croatian*, Slovack*, Slovenian*, Spanish*, Swedish*, Turkish*, Welsh*, West Frisian*),La-Aglo (Esperanto*),Λ' Άκουιλα (Greek*),Акуила (Bulgarian*),Л’Акуіла (Belarusian*),Л'Акуила (Chechen*, Kazakh*, Tatar*),Л’А́куила orАквила orАкуила orЛ’Аквила (Russian*, Sakha*),Л’Акуилæ (Ossetic*),Л’Аквила (Serbian*),L'Ákvila -Л'А́квіла orL'Ákujila -Л'А́куїла (Ukrainian*),Լ'Աքվիլա (Armenian*),ლ’აკვილა (Georgian*) between 1863 and 1939 Aquila degli Abruzzi (Italian*, Czech*, Norwegian*, Norwegian Nynorsk*, Slovack*),Aquila orAquila Aprutiorum orAquilia orAquila in Vestinis orAquilana civitas (Latin*),Áquila (Portuguese*),Akvila djel'i Adrucci -Аквила дельи Абруцци (Russian*) before 1863 Aquila (Italian*, Czech*, Norwegian*, Slovack*),Aquila orAquilia orAquila in Vestinis orAquilana civitas orAvella orAvia orFurconia orFurconium (Latin*),Áquila (Portuguese*),Akvila -Аквила (Russian*) |
 Labin | Albona (Italian),Labin -Лабин (Croatian, Serbian, Russian) |
| Lahti | Lahti (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene, Polish),Lahtis (Swedish) |
 Lakhva | Łachwa (Polish),Lahva –Лахва (Belarusian, Russian), לחווא (Hebrew),לאַכװע (Yiddish) |
| La Louvière | El Louviére (alternative Walloon*),El Lovire (Picard*, Walloon*),La Louvière (French*),Laluvjēra (Latvian*),La Luvjeras (Lithuanian*),Lovaria (alternative Latin*),Luparia (Latin*) |
| Lappeenranta | Lappeenranta (Estonian, Finnish),Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| La Roche-en-Ardenne | Fels im Ösling (alternative German*),La Roche-en-Ardenne (French*, German*, Luxembourgish*),Li Rotche (Walloon*),Rupes Ardennae (Latin),Welschenfels (alternative German*),Welsch Fiels (archaic Luxembourgish*) |
| Landen | Landae (Latin),Landen (Dutch*),Landenas (Lithuanian),Londe (Walloon) |
| Lausanne | Lausana (Catalan, Portuguese*, Spanish*),Lausanne (Dutch*, French*, Finnish*, German*, Romanian*, Swedish*),Laŭzano (Esperanto)*,Losanen (former German)*,Losanna (Italian*, Romansh*),Lozan (Armenian, Turkish*),Lozana (Serbian),Lozáni –Λωζάνη (Greek)*,Lozanna (Latvian*, Polish*),Luzana (Slovene)*,Rojan - 로잔 (Korean)*,Rōzannu – ローザンヌ (Japanese)*, 洛桑 (Chinese)* |
| Lębork | Lauenburg (German),Lębork (Polish),Lãbòrg (Kashubian) |
 Leeuwarden | Leeuwarden (Dutch, Finnish, French, German),Liwwadden (Town Frisian),Ljouwert (West Frisian),Laiwert (Gronings) |
| Leghorn | Liorna (Spanish),Livorno (Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian),Livórno –Λιβόρνο (Greek),Livorno - ליוורנו or ליבורנו (Hebrew),Livourne (French) |
| Legnica | Legnica (Polish),Lehnice (Czech),Liegnitz (Dutch, German) |
 Leicester | Caerlŷr (Welsh),Leicestria (Church Latin),L'sesteh (Yiddish),Ratae (Latin), لستر (Persian),Lestera (Latvian), 萊斯特 (Mandarin Chinese), 李斯特 (Cantonese), レスター (Japanese) |
| Leiden | Leida (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian),Leiden (Dutch, German, Slovene),Lejda (Polish),Leien (West Frisian),Leyde (French),Leyden (variant in English),Lugdunum Batavorum (Latin*)Reiden – 레이덴 (Korean), 莱頓 (Chinese) |
| Leipzig | Lajpcig (Serbian),Lajpcyg –Ляйбцыґ (Belarusian),Leipciga (Latvian),Leipcigas (Lithuanian),Leipsic (older English),Leipsick (former French),Leipzig (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish),Lejpcigo (Esperanto),Lepsiko (Esperanto)Lipcse (Hungarian),Lipsca (old Romanian),Lipsía –Λειψία (Greek),Lipsia (Italian, Latin, Old Castillian*),Lípsia (Portuguese),Lipsk (Lower Sorbian, Polish),Lipsko (Czech, Slovak),Raipeuchihi /Raip'ŭch'ihi – 라이프치히 (Korean), 萊比錫 (Chinese),Raiputsihi – ライプツィヒ (Japanese)* |
| Leopoldov | Leopold-Neustadtl (alternative German),Leopold Mestičko (archaic Slovak),Leopoldstadt (German*),Leopoldov (Slovak*),Leopoldova (Latvian*),Lipótvár (alternative Hungarian),Újvároska (Hungarian*) |
| Le Rœulx | El Rû (Picard, Walloon*),Le Rœulx (French*),Rodium (Latin) |
| Lessines | Lessen (Dutch*, Limburgish*, Zeelandic*),Lessin (Azerbaijani),Lessines (French*),Lessinia (Latin*),Lissene (Picard*, Walloon*) |
| Leuven | Lēfen (Anglo-Saxon*),Leuven (Afrikaans*, Dutch*, Finnish*),Leuve (Limburgish*),Lēvena (Latvian*),Levenas (Lithuanian*),Louvain (alternative English*, French*),Lováin (Irish*),Lovaina (Basque*, Catalan*, Galician, Occitan*, Portuguese*, Spanish*, Venetian),Lovaň (Czech*),Lovanio (Italian*),Loveno (Esperanto*),Löwen (German*),Lööwen (Northern Frisian*),Louvéni –Λέβεν (Greek*),Vî-Lovén (Walloon*),Léiwen (Luxembourgish*),Lovanium (Latin*),Lowanium (Polish*), 鲁汶 (Chinese*) |
| Leuze-en-Hainaut | Leuze-e-Hinnot (Walloon*),Leuze-en-Hainaut (French*),Leuze-in-Hénau (Picard*),Lutosa (Latin) |
| Levice | Léva (Hungarian*),Leve (Turkish*),Levice (Slovak*),Levicė (Lithuanian*),Lеvitsе (Azerbaijani*),Lewenz (German*),Ljevice (Serbo-Croatian*),Ljevice –Љевице (Serbian*) |
| Levoča | Lőcse (Hungarian*),Leutschau (German*),Leutsovia (Latin),Levoča (Slovak*),Levoça (Azerbaijani*),Lewocza (Polish*),Ljevoča –Љевоча (Serbian*) |
| Lezhë | Lezhë /Lezha (Albanian),Alessio (Italian),Lješ Љеш (Serbian, Montenegrin) |
| Liberec | Reichenberg (German) |
| Libramont-Chevigny | Libråmont (Walloon*),Libramont-Chevigny (French*) |
| Liège | Liège (French, Hungarian, Swedish),Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon),Léck (Luxembourgish),Lēodic (Anglo-Saxon*),Leodium (Latin),L'ež –Льеж (Russian),Liege (Finnish, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish),Liége (former French, Portuguese),Liegi (Italian),Lieĝo (Esperanto),Lieja (Catalan, archaic Portuguese, Spanish),Λιέγη (Greek),Liež –Лиеж (Bulgarian),Liež -Лиеж (Serbian),Lježa (Latvian),Lježas (Lithuanian),Lieži –ლიეჟი (Georgian*),Luik (Afrikaans, Dutch),Lutych (Czech),Lüttich (German),Luuk (Limburgish),Rieju – 리에주 (Korean), ولييج (Arabic), ליאז (Hebrew),Riēju – リエージュ (Japanese)*, 列日 (Chinese)* |
| Liepāja | Lėipuojė (Samogitian)*,Lepai (Veps)*,Libau (German),[KNAB]Libav (historic Veps),Libava –Либава (historic Russian),[KNAB]Libava –Лібава (historic Belaussian, historic Ukrainian),Libave –ליבאַװע (Yiddish),Liepai (alternative Veps),Liepāja (Estonian*, Finnish*, Latvian*,[KNAB] Romanian*),Liepaja -Лиепая (Russian)*,[KNAB]Liepaja -Ліепая (Belarusian)*,Lijepaja -Лієпая (Ukrainian)*,Līepõ (Livonian),[KNAB]Liepoja (Lithuanian)*,[KNAB]Liibavi (historic Estonian),[KNAB]Liibo (Estonian variant),[KNAB]Liibu (Estonian variant),[KNAB]Liibuse (Estonian variant),[KNAB]Liipavi (Estonian variant),[KNAB]Lipawa (Polish)*,[KNAB]Līpuoja (Latgalian),Lìyēpàyà -利耶帕亞 (Mandarin Chinese)*,Riepāya -リエパーヤ (Japanese)*
|
| Lier | Lier (Dutch*),Lierre (French*, Occitan*),Lire (Latvian*),Lyras (Lithuanian*) |
 Lille | Lila (Portuguese, rare)*,Lille (French, Finnish, German, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian),Rijsel (Dutch),Lil (Serbian),Lilla (Catalan, Italian),Lillo (Esperanto),Ryssel (former German),Λίλλη (Greek), 里爾 (Chinese),Lili –ლილი (Georgian*),Ril - 릴 (Korean)* |
| Limoges | Lemòtges /Limòtges (Occitan),Llemotges (Catalan)*Limož (Serbian), 列摩日 (Chinese) |
| Limassol | Lemesos –Λεμεσός (Greek),Leymosun (obsolete Turkish),Limasol (Turkish),Limisso (Venetian/Italian) |
| Limbourg | Limbôr (Walloon*),Limbourg (French*),Limburgum (Latin),Limburg (Dutch*, Limburgish*, Zeelandic*),Limburgo (Galician, Italian*, Spanish*) |
| Limerick | Limeriko (Esperanto),Luimneach (Irish),Luimneach (Scottish Gaelic)*, 利默里克 (Chinese) |
| Lincoln | Lindum orLindum Colonia (Latin),Linkolnas (Lithuanian),Linkolna (Latvian),Ringikana (Māori) |
| Linköping | Lincopia (Latin),Lincopinga (Portuguese, rare)*,Linköping (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), 林雪平 (Chinese) |
| Linz | Lentia (Latin),Linca (Latvian),Líncia (Portuguese)*,Linec (Czech),Linz (Catalan, German, Finnish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene),Rincheu /Rinch'ŭ – 린츠 (Korean), 林茨 (Chinese) |
| Lipany | Lipany (Slovak*),Lipani (Latvian*, Serbo-Croatian*),Lipani –Липани (Serbian*),Septemtiliae (Latin),Siebenlinden (German*),Héthárs (Hungarian*) |
| Liptovský Hrádok | Liptau-Hradek (alternative German),Liptóújvár (Hungarian*),Liptovski Hrādoka (Latvian*),Liptovský Hrádok (Slovak*),Liptowski Gródek (Polish*),Neuhäusel in der Liptau (German*) |
| Liptovský Mikuláš | Liptau-Sankt-Nikolaus (German*),Liptószentmiklós (Hungarian*),Liptovski Mikulaš (Serbo-Croatian*),Liptovski Mikulaš –Липтовски Микулаш (Serbian*),Liptovski Mikulaş (Azerbaijani*),Liptowski Mikułasz (Polish*),Liptovský Mikuláš (Slovak*),Liptovski Mikulāša (Latvian*),Liptovsky Mikulašas (Lithuanian*),Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš (archaic Slovak),Sankt Nikolaus in der Liptau (alternative German) |
 Lisbon | Liospóin (Irish),Lisabon (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak),Lisabona (Latvian, Lithuanian, Romanian),Lisban - ලිස්බන් (Sinhala),Lisboa (Catalan*, Ladino, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog*, Norwegian),Lisbona (Italian, Maltese),Lisbonne (French),Lisbono (Esperanto),Lišbūna, Lashbuna, Lishbuna, Ushbuna, al-Ushbuni (Arabic),[4]Lissabon (Azeri, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish),Lissavóna –Λισσαβώνα (Greek),Lisszabon (Hungarian),Lizbon (Armenian, Turkish),Lizbona (Polish, Slovene),Riseubon /Risŭbon – 리스본 (Korean),Risubon – リスボン (Japanese)*,Ushbune (old Arabic),Lǐsīběn – 里斯本 (Chinese), ليسبون (Persian),Lisaboni –ლისაბონი (Georgian*),Olisīpō (Latin),Olissipōn -Ὀλισσιπών (Ancient Greek)Wliksybama /Vvlixibama (Old Frisian) |
| Liverpool | Learpholl (Irish),Lerphoyll (Manx),Lerpwl (Welsh),Liverpul (Portuguese, rare)*,Liverpūle (Latvian),Liverpulis (Lithuanian),Liverpulo (Esperanto),Llynlleifiad (former Welsh),Poll a' Ghrùthain (Scottish Gaelic)*,Ribapūru – リバプール (Japanese)*,Ribeopul /Ribŏp'ul – 리버풀 (Korean), 利物浦 (Chinese), ليورپول (Persian),Liverpuli –ლივერპული (Georgian*),লিভারপুল - Libharpul (Bengali), |
| Ljubljana | Laibach (German),Liubliana (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish),Lublanë (Albanian),Liublijana (Lithuanian),Liúibleána (Irish),Liyūbliyānā (Arabic),Ljubljana (Catalan, Croatian, Dutch, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Maltese, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish),Ljubljana –Љубљана (Macedonian, Serbian),Lubiana (Italian),Lubjanë (Albanian),Lyublyana (Azeri),Lublaň (Czech),Ļubļana (Latvian),Lublana (Polish),Ľubľana (Slovak),Lubliyana (Turkish),Lioubliána –Λιουμπλιάνα (Greek),Liubliana –Люблянa (Russian),Ryubeullyana /Ryubŭllyana - 류블랴나 (Korean)*,Ryuburyana – リュブリャナ (Japanese)*, 盧布爾雅那 (Chinese)*,Liubliana –ლიუბლიანა (Georgian*),লিউব্লিয়ানা - Liubliyana (Bengali), |
 Lleida | Ilerda (Latin),Iltirda /Ildirda (Iberian),Lerida (Italian, Romanian),Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish),Lleida (Catalan, Finnish) |
| Löbau | Löbau (German),Lubij (Upper Sorbian),Lubiniec (Polish) |
| Łódź | Lodsch (German variant),Łódź (Polish),Lodz (German variant), former name:Litzmannstadt (German, 1940–1945),Lodzh -לאדזש (Yiddish),Lodzia (Latin),Lodž, (Slovene), 罗兹 (Chinese) |
| Lokeren | Lokern (Zeelandic*),Lokeren (Dutch*),Lokerena (Latvian*),Lokerenas (Lithuanian*) |
| Lommel | Lomela (Latvian*),Lomelis (Lithuanian*),Lommel (Dutch*) |
| London | Landan -ලන්ඩන් (Sinhala), (Llundain (Welsh),Londër (Albanian),Londain (Irish),London (Azeri, Hungarian),Londan –Лёндан (Belarusian),Londe (Limburgish),Londen (Afrikaans, Dutch, Frisian),Londhíno –Λονδίνο (Greek),Londinium (Latin),Londona (Latvian),Londonas (Lithuanian),Londono (Esperanto),London (German),Londra (Albanian, Italian, Maltese, Romanian, Romansh, Turkish),Londres (Catalan, French, Ladino, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog*),Londrez (Breton),Londyn (Polish),Londýn (Czech, Slovak),Lontoo (Finnish),Loundres (Cornish),Luân Đôn (Vietnamese),Lundenwic (Anglo-Saxon),Lúndūn – 伦敦 (simplified) 倫敦 (traditional) (Chinese),Lundúnir (Icelandic),Lunnainn (Scottish Gaelic),Lunnin (Manx),Reondeon /Rŏndŏn – 런던 (Korean),Rondon – ロンドン (Japanese)*, لندن (Arabic, Persian, Urdu),Londoni –ლონდონი (Georgian*),Lontuni (tswana, sotho, zulu),London -Лондон (Bulgaria) |
| Londonderry | seeDerry |
| Longwy | Longwy (French),Langich (German),Lonkech orLonkesch (Luxembourgish) |
| Lourdes | Lorda (Catalan, Occitan),Lourde (Provençal),Lourdes (French, Finnish, Irish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian),Lurda (Basque),Lurdes (Portuguese variant)*,Lurds - ලූර්ඩ්ස් (Sinhala),Lurdy (Czech),Lourdē -Λούρδη (Greek – καθαρεύουσα) |
| Lo-Reninge | Loa et Rinenga (Latin),Loo-Reninghe (alternative French*),Lo-Renienge (Zeelandic*),Lo-Rênienge (West Flemish*),Lo-Reninge (Dutch*, French*) |
| Lübben | Lübben (German),Lubin (Lower Sorbian, Polish) |
| Lübbenau | Lübbenau (German),Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübeck | Libek (Serbian),Lībeka (Latvian),Liubekas (Lithuanian),Lubecca (Italian),Lübeck (French, German, Low Saxon, Romanian, Swedish),Lubek (Czech),Lubeka (Polish),Lubeque (Portuguese),Lüübek (Estonian),Lyypekki (Finnish),Λυβέκη (Greek – καθαρεύουσα),Liubice (old Slavic name)*,Lybæk (former Danish),Rwibekeu /Rwibek'ŭ – 뤼베크 (Korean), 呂貝克 (Chinese) |
| Lublin | Civitas Lublinensis (Latin),Liublinas (Lithuanian),Ljublin –Люблин (Bulgarian, Russian),Lublin –Лублин (Macedonian),Lublino (Italian),Ļubļina (Latvian),Люблін (Belarusian, Ukrainian), לובלין (Hebrew),Ruburin – ルブリン (Japanese)*, 盧布林 (Chinese) |
| Lucca | Luca (Portuguese),Lucca (Catalan, Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian),Lucques (French),Luka –Лука (Bulgarian),Lukka (Polish) |
| Lučenec | Lashantz –לאשאנץ (Yiddish*),Lizenz (German*),Losonc (Hungarian*),Lučenec (Slovak*),Lučeneca (Latvian*),Lučenecas (Lithuanian*),Luçеnеts (Azerbaijani*),Lučenjec (Serbo-Croatian*),Lučenjec –Лучењец (Serbian*),Łuczeniec (Polish*),Lutetia Hungarorum (Latin) |
| Lucerne | Liucerna (Lithuanian),Lucern (Czech, Serbian, Slovene),Lucerna (Italian, Latvian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish),Lucerne (French),Lukérni –Λουκέρνη (Greek),Luzern (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish),Luzerna (Basque, Catalan),Ruchereun /Ruch'erŭn – 루체른 (Korean) |
| Lugano | Lügan (Lombard),Lauis (old German),Ligiaun (Romansh),Lugano (Catalan, French, German, Italian, Maltese, Spanish, Portuguese*),Rugano – 루가노 (Korean) |
| Luhansk | Lugansk –Луганск (Russian)*,Voroshilovgrad (1935–1958, 1970–1990) |
| Lugoj | Logoş (Turkish),Lugoj (French*, Italian*, Romanian*),Lugos (Hungarian)*,Lugoš –Лугош orLugož –Лугож (Serbian)*,Lugosch (German)*,Lugozh –Лугож (Russian)* |
| Luleå | Julevu (Lule Sami),Liuleo (Lithuanian*),Louléo –Λουλέο (Greek*),Lula (Latin*),Luleå (Swedish*),Lulėja (alternative Lithuanian),Luleju (Northern Sami*),Luleo (Azerbaijani*) –Лулео (Macedonian*, Russian*, Serbian*, Ukrainian*),Lūleo (Latvian*),Luulaja (Finnish*, Meänkieli),Lüvllege (Ume Sami),Rureo –ルレオ (Japanese*) |
| Lund | Lund (Danish, French, German, Swedish),Lunda (Latin, Latvian), 隆德 (Chinese),Lundur (Icelandic) |
| Lüneburg | Lüneburch (Low Saxon),Lunebourg (French),Lüneburg (German, Romanian),Luneburgo (Italian, Portuguese),Lunenburg (Dutch, variant in English), 呂內堡 (Chinese) |
| Lutsk | Luckas (Lithuanian),Lucjk –Луцьк (Ukrainian),Luţk (Romanian),Luc'k (Italian),Łuck (Polish)Luzk (German) |
 Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish),Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian),Ljuksemburg –Люксембург (Bulgarian, Russian),Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian),Lucemburk (Czech),Lucsamburg (Irish, Scottish Gaelic),Lục Xâm Bảo (Vietnamese),Luksemboarch (Frisian),Luksemburg –Люксэмбурґ(Belarusian),Luksemburg (Croatian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene),Luksemburg -Луксембург (Macedonian),Lüksemburg (Turkish),Luksemburga (Latvian),Luksemburgi –ლუქსემბურგი (Georgian*),Luksemburgo (Esperanto, Ladino),Lussemburgo (Italian),Lussemburgu (Maltese),Lussimbork (Walloon),Lützelburg (former German),Luxemborg /Luxembourg /Luxemburg (Danish),Luxembourg (Estonian, French, Hungarian),Lúxemborg (Icelandic),Luxemburg (Afrikaans, Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Romanian, Slovak, Swedish),Luxemburgia (Latin variant),Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish),Luxemburgum (Latin),Luxemvúrgho –Λουξεμβούργο (Greek),Luxenburgo (Basque),Lwcsembwrg (Welsh),Ruksembureukeu /Ruksemburŭk'ŭ – 룩셈부르크 (Korean),Rukusemburuku – ルクセンブルク (Japanese)*, 盧森堡 (Chinese),লাক্সেমবার্গ - Lakshembarg' (Bengali) |
| Lviv | Lwów (Polish),İlbav (Crimean Tatar),Ilov (Armenian),Ilyvó (old Hungarian),Lavov (Croatian, Serbian),Lemberg orLeopoldstadt (archaic) (German, former Hungarian),Lemberg –לעמבערג orLemberik –לעמבעריק (Yiddish),Leópolis –Λεόπολις (Greek – καθαρεύουσα),Léopol (French),Leopoli (Italian),Leopolis (Latin),Leópolis (Spanish, Portuguese*),Levov – לבוב (Hebrew),Liov (Romanian),Lìwòfū – 利沃夫 (Chinese (China)),Liweifu - 利維夫 (Chinese (Taiwan)),Lvoŭ –Львоў (Belarusian),Lvov (Czech, Slovene),Lvovas (Lithuanian),Lvovi –ლვოვი (Georgian*),L'viv –Львів (Ukrainian),L'vov –Львов (Russian),Ľvov (Slovak),Ļvova, Ļviva (Latvian),Ribiu - 리비우(Korean)*,Riviu - リヴィウ(Japanese) |
| Lycksele | Liksjoe, (Southern Sami),Lïkssjuo (Northern Sami*, Ume Sami),Lycksele (Swedish*) |
| Lyon | León de Francia (former Spanish),Lião (Portuguese, rare)*, 里昂 (Chinese),Lionas (Lithuanian),Lió (Catalan),Lión –Λυών (Greek),Λούγδουνον (Greek – καθαρεύουσα),Liona (Latvian),Lione (Italian),Liono (Esperanto),Lion (Azeri, Serbian),Liyon (Arpitan, Turkish),Ludgun orLwów francuski (former Polish),Lugdunum orLugudunum (Latin),Lyon (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Slovene),Lyón (Spanish),Lyons (former English),Riong – 리옹 (Korean),Riyon – リヨン (Japanese)*,Lioni –ლიონი (Georgian*) |
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