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Nalgonda Nilagiri, Nallagonda | |
|---|---|
 Clock Tower in Nalgonda | |
  Nalgonda Nalgonda (Telangana) Show map of Telangana Nalgonda Nalgonda (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:17°03′27″N79°16′06″E / 17.057500°N 79.268400°E /17.057500; 79.268400 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Telangana |
| District | Nalgonda |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • MLA | Komatireddy Venkat Reddy |
| • MP | Kunduru Raghuveer Reddy |
| Area | |
• Total | 105 km2 (41 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 260 m (850 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 165,328 |
| • Rank | 9th in Telangana |
| • Density | 1,570/km2 (4,080/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Nalgondians |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu,Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Postal code | 508001 |
| Telephone code | +91–8682 |
| Vehicle registration | TG–05[3]/AP 24(Old) |
| Website | nalgondamunicipality |
Nalgonda is a city[4] andmunicipal corporation in theIndianstate ofTelangana. It is the headquarters of theNalgonda district, as well as the headquarters of the Nalgondamandal in the Nalgondarevenue division.[5] It is located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the state capitalHyderabad.
In the past, Nalgonda was referred to asNilagiri. During the medievalBahamani kingdom, it was renamed Nalgunda.[6] The name was changed to "Nalgonda" for official uses during the rule of the laterNizam kings.
There is archaeological evidence thatPaleolithic people lived in the area that is now Nalgonda, fashioning tools and weapons out of stone. Some of these implements have been found in the Nalgonda area, similar to those discovered at theSloan archaeological site inArkansas.
Traces ofNeolithic culture were found at Chota Yelupu, where sling stones and other contemporary objects were excavated. Evidence ofMegalithic culture was also found via the discovery of innumerable burials at various places around Nalgonda.
The political history of the Nalgonda district commences with theMauryas. During the reign ofAshoka the Great, the Mauryas maintained control over the Nalgonda region. Later, theSatavahanas, who ruled between 230 BC and 218 BC, took control of the area.
During this period, the region established trade contacts with theRoman Empire.
In 227 AD, theIkshvaku dynasty took control of the region. During this period, members of variousSaka tribes migrated to the area.Buddhism flourished during this time.
After the Ikshvakus, thePallavas andYadavas fought for supremacy over the region. However, afterSamudragupta (c. 335 AD – c. 375 AD) invaded and conquered most of India, the area fell under the control of hisGupta Empire. The Empire fell in the 6th century.
Starting in the 6th century, theChalukya dynasty ruled the modern-day Nalgonda region, as well as much of southern and central India. A major portion of the Nalgonda area appears to have passed from the Chalukyas ofBadami to theRashtrakutas. However, the Rashtrakutas fell in 973, and power shifted to the Chalukyas ofKalyani. The Chalukyas continued to rule the area until the end of the 12th century.
During the medieval era, theKakatiya dynasty took control of the region from the western Chalukyas. During the reign ofPrataparudra II, in 1323, the kingdom wasannexed to theTughluq Empire.
WhenMuhammad bin Tughluq ruled (around 1324–1351),Musunuri chiefKapayanayaka ceded a part of Nalgonda toAla-ud-din Hasan Bahman Shah of the Bahmani Sultanate. He annexed the region to the Bahmani Kingdom.
In 1455,Jalal Khan he declared himself king at Nalgonda, but this was short-lived. He was quickly defeated and the region brought back to the Bahmani Kingdom.
During the time of the Bahmani Sultan Shihabud-din Mahmun, SultanQuli was appointed astarafdar of theTelangana region (now the state of Telangana). Quli's son, Jamshid, took control of the region from his father. Later,Qutub Shahis took control of the region, and maintained it until 1687.
Nizam-ul-Mulk (Asaf Jah I) defeated Mubasiz Khan at Shaker Khere inBerar and ruled theDeccan autonomously. This district, like the other districts of Telangana, was controlled byAsaf Jahis, and remained under their rule for nearly two hundred and twenty-five years.
Nalgonda is located at17°03′00″N79°16′00″E / 17.050°N 79.2667°E /17.050; 79.2667.[7] It has an average elevation of 420 metres (1,380 ft).
| Climate data for Nalgonda (1991–2020, extremes 1975–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.5 (97.7) | 39.5 (103.1) | 43.5 (110.3) | 45.2 (113.4) | 47.0 (116.6) | 46.3 (115.3) | 39.8 (103.6) | 38.8 (101.8) | 38.7 (101.7) | 37.5 (99.5) | 36.0 (96.8) | 35.0 (95.0) | 46.3 (115.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.9 (87.6) | 33.3 (91.9) | 36.9 (98.4) | 39.3 (102.7) | 41.3 (106.3) | 37.1 (98.8) | 34.0 (93.2) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.6 (90.7) | 30.9 (87.6) | 30.4 (86.7) | 34.6 (94.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.6 (63.7) | 19.6 (67.3) | 22.5 (72.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.1 (82.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.8 (76.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 17.9 (64.2) | 23.4 (74.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) | 14.0 (57.2) | 15.3 (59.5) | 20.0 (68.0) | 20.6 (69.1) | 21.8 (71.2) | 21.6 (70.9) | 20.8 (69.4) | 19.8 (67.6) | 16.2 (61.2) | 13.4 (56.1) | 10.6 (51.1) | 10.0 (50.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 9.2 (0.36) | 6.9 (0.27) | 5.3 (0.21) | 16.6 (0.65) | 39.0 (1.54) | 95.2 (3.75) | 140.7 (5.54) | 147.2 (5.80) | 168.9 (6.65) | 141.4 (5.57) | 30.1 (1.19) | 6.1 (0.24) | 806.5 (31.75) |
| Average rainy days | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 5.0 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 5.1 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 37.9 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 17:30IST) | 47 | 45 | 41 | 38 | 36 | 50 | 61 | 64 | 67 | 64 | 59 | 53 | 51 |
| Source:India Meteorological Department[8][9][10] | |||||||||||||
Nalgonda has been ranked 2nd best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'[11]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1931 | 9,711 | — |
| 1941 | 12,674 | +30.5% |
| 1951 | 22,183 | +75.0% |
| 1961 | 24,383 | +9.9% |
| 1971 | 33,126 | +35.9% |
| 1981 | 62,458 | +88.5% |
| 1991 | 84,910 | +35.9% |
| 2001 | 110,286 | +29.9% |
| 2011 | 135,744 | +23.1% |
| Source:[12] | ||
As of 2011[update]census of India, Nalgonda had a population of 135,744; of which 67,971 are male and 67,773 are female. An average of 86.83% city population were literate; where 92.91% of them were male and 80.78% were female literates.[13]
Nalgonda was categorized as a "Grade-III municipality" when it was first created in 1941. It has evolved significantly over the decades and is now a "Municipal Corporation." Nalgonda's jurisdictional area is spread over 105 km2 (41 sq mi).[14]
Nalgonda is being developed as part ofKTR mantra of 3-D, Digitise, Decarbonize and Decentralize. As such it has anIT Tower.[15][16][17]
The city is connected to major cities and towns by means of road and railways.
National andstate highways that pass through the city areNational Highway 565, State Highways 2 and 18. Also,National Highway 65 (Hyderabad to Vijayawada) passes through Nalgonda District, 18km away from the city.
TGSRTC operates buses from Nalgonda to various destinations inTelangana and Andhra Pradesh states.
Nalgonda railway station provides rail connectivity to the city. It is classified as aB–category station inGuntur railway division of theSouth Central Railway zone and is located on thePagidipalli-Nallapadu section of the division.[18]
The closest airport to the city isRajiv Gandhi International Airport, which is 111 km away by road.
Nalgonda city has several religious sites, including Sri Chaya Someshwara Temple and the ancient Chalukya-era Pachchala Someshwara Swamy Temple at Panagal, Ramalayam at Ramagiri, the Sai Baba Temple in Shivaji Nagar, Sri Bhakthanjaneya Swamy Temple near the Clock Tower, and a cluster of historic temples on Bramhamgari Gutta.
Other cultural and scenic attractions include the Clock Tower, a central city landmark; the adjacent Latif Saheb Hill; Udaya Samudram reservoir and the Archaeological Museum at Panagal; Vallabha Rao Cheruvu at Ammaguda; and public spaces such as Mekala Abhinav Outdoor Stadium and the Municipal Park at Gollaguda.
As the district headquarters, Nalgonda functions as an educational hub for surrounding mandals, particularly in primary and secondary schooling.
The city also hosts several institutions offering higher education in engineering, medicine, pharmacy, the sciences, and vocational training.
The prominent institutes forming a significant part of the city’s educational landscape include:
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