Nakhon Pathom จังหวัดนครปฐม | |
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| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Teochew | 佛統bhūk.tóum(Peng'im) |
     .jpg) (Clockwise from top left)Phra Pathommachedi,Sanam Chandra Palace,Prince Mahidol Hall ofMahidol University,Salaya Campus,Phutthamonthon Buddhism Park,Don Wai Market,Thai Human Imagery Museum | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname(s): Mueang Chedi Yai (เมืองเจดีย์ใหญ่) (BigCetiya City) | |
| Motto(s): ส้มโอหวาน ข้าวสารขาว ลูกสาวงาม ข้าวหลามหวานมัน สนามจันทร์งามล้น พุทธมณฑลคู่ธานี พระปฐมเจดีย์เสียดฟ้า สวยงามตาแม่น้ำท่าจีน ("Sweet pomelos. White rice. Beautiful women. Sweet and rich Khao Lam. Stunning Sanam Chan (Palace). Home of Phutthamonthon. Sky-high Phra Pathom Chedi. Attractive Tha Chin River.") | |
 Map of Thailand highlighting Nakhon Pathom province | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Capital | Nakhon Pathom |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Arocha Nanthamontri |
| • PAO President | Jirawat Sasomsap |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,142 km2 (827 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 66th |
| Population (2024)[2] | |
• Total |  925,758 |
| • Rank | 25th |
| • Density | 432/km2 (1,120/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 8th |
| Human Achievement Index | |
| • HAI (2022) | 0.6698 "high" Ranked 6th |
| GDP | |
| • Total | baht 333 billion (US$11.3 billion) (2019) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 73xxx |
| Calling code | 034 & 02 |
| ISO 3166 code | TH-73 |
| Website | nakhonpathom |
Nakhon Pathom (Thai:จังหวัดนครปฐม,pronounced[náʔkʰɔ̄ːnpā.tʰǒm], (Pronunciation)) is one of the centralprovinces (changwat) ofThailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise)Suphan Buri,Ayutthaya,Nonthaburi,Bangkok,Samut Sakhon,Ratchaburi, andKanchanaburi. Thecapital city of Nakhon Pathom province isNakhon Pathom.
Nakhon Pathom province is home to thePhra Pathommachedi, achedi commissioned by KingMongkut (Rama IV) and completed by KingChulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1870. The chedi is a reminder of the long vanishedDvaravati civilization that once flourished here and by tradition Nakhon Pathom is where Buddhism first came to Thailand.[5] The province itself is known for its many fruit orchards.[6]
Nakhon Pathom is a small province 56 km fromBangkok. It is in the alluvial plain of central Thailand and is drained by theTha Chin River (known locally as theNakhon Chai Si), atributary of theChao Phraya River. There are many canals that have been dug for agriculture. The total forest area is just 1.6 km2 (0.62 sq mi) or 0.8 per mille of provincial area.[7] The Thai capital Bangkok has grown until it borders Nakhon Pathom.
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Nakhon Pathom province has atropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May. Monsoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Climatological data for the years 2012–2013: Its maximum temperature is 40.1 °C (104.2 °F) in April 2013 and the lowest temperature is 12.0 °C (53.6 °F) in December 2013. The highest average temperature is 37.4 °C (99.3 °F) in April 2013 and the minimum average temperature is 16.5 °C (61.7 °F) in December 2013. The average relative humidity is 75% and the minimum relative humidity is 22%. Annual rainfall is 1,095 millimeters. The number of rainy days was 134 days for the year 2013.
The name derives from thePali wordsNagara Pathama, meaning 'first city', and Nakhon Pathom is often referred as Thailand's oldest city.[citation needed] Archaeological remains have been linked to the (pre-Thai) Dvaravati kingdom, dating to the 6th through 11th centuries.[6]
Nakhon Pathom Province centuries ago was a coastal city on the route between China and India; due to sedimentation from the Chao Phraya River, the coastline moved much farther to sea. When the Tha Chin River changed its course, the city lost its main water source and thus was for hundreds of years deserted, the population moving to a city calledNakhon Chai Si (orSri Wichai). KingMongkut (Rama IV) ordered the restoration of the Phra Pathom Chedi, which was then crumbling and abandoned in the jungle. A city gradually formed around it, bringing new life to Nakhon Pathom. A museum presents the archaeological record of the city's history.[8]
Major settlement of the province included immigration beginning in the reign of King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II), which included Khmer villages (e.g.,Don Yai Hom), theLan Na-populated (Baan Nua) andLao Song villages (e.g.,Don Kanak), as well as a major influx of southern Chinese in the late-1800s and early-1900s. Today Nakhon Pathom attracts people from all over Thailand, most notably from Bangkok andIsan, plus Burmese migrant workers. The province includes industrial zones, major university towns, government offices relocated from Bangkok, and agricultural and transport hubs.[6]
In mid-2019, theDepartment of Airports (DOA) proposed the construction of a new airport in the province, to relieve pressure on Bangkok's two existing airports. The 20 billionbaht airport would occupy 3,500rai of land inBang Len District andNakhon Chai Si District. Its capacity would be 25 million passengers annually. If approved, construction would start in 2023 and the airport would be operational by 2025 or 2026.[9] When fully built-out, the airport will accommodate 80-100 seat aircraft flying between Bangkok and second-tier provinces to ease congestion at Suvarnabhumi and Don Mueang airports. The project site has low population density, only 200 households on 400 plots of land.[10]
In terms of agriculture, Nakhon Pathom is a province that has long been known as a source ofpig farming. Most of the original farmers wereThai-Chinese. Its amount of pig farming is ranked among the top in the country. The breeds of pigs that are popularly raised are exotic breeds, such asLandrace,Large White,Duroc, and variouscrossbreed varieties.[11]
Nakhon Pathom's main hospital isNakhon Pathom Hospital, operated by theMinistry of Public Health.
Theprovincial seal shows Phra Pathom Chedi, at 127 meters the tallest pagoda in the world.[citation needed] It is in the center of the city of Nakhon Pathom, and has been an important Buddhist center since the 6th century. The current building was created by KingMongkut in 1860. On the pagoda a royal crown is depicted, the symbol for King Mongkut's work on reconstructing the pagoda.
Theprovincial flag is blue with the yellow provincial seal in the middle of the flag.[12]
Theprovincial treeDiospyros decandra (known as "chan" in Thai). The provincial aquatic life is thegiant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) (known as "kung mae-nam" or "kung kam-kram" in Thai).
The provincial slogan is "sweetpomelos, delicious rice, beautiful young ladies".[6]
The province is divided into seven districts (amphoes). The districts are further subdivided into 106 subdistricts (tambons) and 904 villages (mubans).
As of 10 October 2020 there are: one Nakhon Pathom Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and twenty-six municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. The capital Nakhon Pathom has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Further five have town (thesaban mueang) status and twenty subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).
| City municipality | people | ||
| 1 | Nakhon Pathom[13] | 74,446 |
| Town municipalities | people | 3 | Sam Phran[14] | 17,329 | |
| 1 | Rai Khing[15] | 32,819 | 4 | Nakhon Pathom[16] | 14,004 |
| 2 | Krathum Lom[17] | 27,587 | 5 | Sam Khwai Phueak[18] | 11,139 |
| Subdistrict mun. | people | ||||
| 1 | Om Yai[19] | 24,027 | 11 | Khun Kaeo[20] | 7,915 |
| 2 | Sam Ngam[21] | 13,956 | 12 | Sisa Thong[22] | 7,221 |
| 3 | Bang Kratheuk | 13,056 | 13 | Thammasala[21] | 7,086 |
| 4 | Sala Ya[23] | 11,180 | 14 | Kamphaeng Saen[21] | 7,009 |
| 5 | Phrong Maduea | 10,896 | 15 | Ta Kong | 6,785 |
| 6 | Khlong Yong | 10,526 | 16 | Don Yai Hom[24] | 6,519 |
| 7 | Bo Phlap[25] | 9,519 | 17 | Huai Phlu[21] | 2,217 |
| 8 | Map Khae | 8,630 | 18 | Bang Luang[21] | 2,163 |
| 9 | Bang Len[21] | 8,429 | 19 | Rang Krathum[21] | 2,162 |
| 10 | Nakhon Chai Si[21] | 8,226 | 20 | Lam Phaya[21] | 1,949 |
The non-municipal areas are administered by 91 Subdistrict Administrative
Organizations (SAO) (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[26]
| Municipalities | Communities | Groups | |
| Rai Khing[27] | 28 | 3 | |
| Krathum Lom[28] | 29 | - | |
| Om Yai[29] | 26 | - |
| Health | Education | Employment | Income |
 |  |  |  |
| 6 | 4 | 19 | 9 |
| Housing | Family | Transport | Participation |
 |  |  | .png) |
| 74 | 33 | 11 | 56 |
| Province Nakhon Pathom, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6698 is "high", occupies place 6 in the ranking. | |||
Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using theHuman achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]
| Rank | Classification |
| 1–13 | "High" |
| 14–29 | "Somewhat high" |
| 30–45 | "Average" |
| 46–61 | "Somewhat low" |
| 62–77 | "Low" |
| Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings |
 |
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)changed its status from Samphran subdistrict municipality to Samphran town municipality. Since 1 February 2008.
The first Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO) has raised its position as the Rai Khing town municipality on 30 May 2008.
No.3.2 Established Nakhon Pathom Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Mueang district, Nakhon Pathom province is Nakhon Pathom town municipality, effectively 1 March 2013.
It was later established as Krathum Lom town municipality on 2 June 2008.
and was raised as a municipality by the Change Sanitation districts to Municipality Act, 24 February B.E.2542 effective on 25 May 1999.
No.3.3 Established Khun Kaeo Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Nakhon Chai Si district, Nakhon Pathom province is Khun Kaeo subdistrict municipality, effectively 31 January 2013.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)No.1.9 Established Sisa Thong Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Nakhon Chai Si district, Nakhon Pathom province is Sisa Thong subdistrict municipality, effectively 17 April 2020.
Change the status from Sanitation district to Sala Ya subdistrict municipality. According to the Change Sanitation districts to Municipality Act, 24 February B.E.2542 effective on 25 May 1999.
Don Yai Hom subdistrict municipality was elevated from Don Yai Hom sanitation district on 25 may 1999 to Don Yai Hom subdistrict municipality, located in Mueang district, Nakhon Pathom province.
No.3.42 Established Bo Phlap Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Mueang district, Nakhon Pathom province is Bo Phlap subdistrict municipality, effectively 1 June 2012.
28 communities in 3 groups.
29 communities.
26 communities.
Nakhon Pathom travel guide from WikivoyagePlaces adjacent to Nakhon Pathom province | |
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