The Naga people have a long history of resistance against British colonial rule and later the Indian government.[3][4] TheNaga National Council (NNC) was formed on 2 May 1956 to spearhead the movement for Naga independence.[5][6] A plebiscite was held, and 99% of Nagas voted for independence as a separate country.[7] In 1947, the Naga National Council declared Naga independence on 14 August, a day before India's independence from British rule.[8]
The Naga National Movement is the political movement that seeks to establish Nagalim as a sovereign state. It has been marked by armed conflict between Naga insurgents and the Indian government.[9] The movement has undergone several phases, including a ceasefire agreement signed between theGovernment of India and theNational Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) in 1997.[10][11]
The Naga National Council (NNC) is the political organization that initially[when?] led the Naga independence movement.[12][13] It was founded in1946 at Sanis (in present-dayWokha district) by T. Aliba Imti Ao,Angami Zapu Phizo,T. Sakhrie and other Naga leaders.[14][15] The NNC's declaration of Naga independence in 1947 led to armed resistance against Indian rule.[16] Over the years, the NNC has split into various factions, with the NSCN[17] being one of the prominent groups.[18][19]
The Naga insurgency in India has counterparts in Myanmar, where Naga rebels have been fighting for greater autonomy in the Naga Hills.[20] TheNaga Self-Administered Zone in Myanmar is a result of negotiations between the Myanmar government and Naga rebel groups.[21] Naga National groups are also aligned withKachin Independence Army and theChin National Army, in fighting theTatmadaw, or the Myanmar's Military.[22][23]
In recent years, there have been discussions about the formation of a federal Wesean (Western South-East Asian) state[24][failed verification][full citation needed] that would include Nagalim as one of its constituent regions. This proposal envisions a political entity that would bring together various ethnic groups in the region, including the Nagas, in a federal arrangement that respects their distinct identities and aspirations.[25][failed verification]
^"17. India/Nagas (1947-present)". Dynamic Analysis of Dispute Management Project (Report). University of Central Arkansas, Government, Public Service and International Studies. Retrieved19 June 2024.
