NASA Earth Science, formerly calledNASA Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) andMission To Planet Earth (MTPE),[1] is aNASA research program "to develop a scientific understanding of theEarth system and its response to natural and human-induced changes to enable improved prediction of climate, weather, and natural hazards for present and future generations".[2]Its director wasMichael Freilich (2006–2019).
NASA supports research in theEarth sciences and, as part of itsEarth Observing System (EOS), launches and maintains Earth observing satellites to monitor the state of the climate, atmospheric chemistry, ocean and land ecosystems. It was a NASA scientist, Dr.James Hansen, who first alerted the world to the dangers ofglobal warming due togreenhouse gases emitted by human burning offossil fuels. Earth Science research also provides the foundations of understanding for the search forextraterrestrial life through theNASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI), in which the focus is often on the extreme conditions for life to survive.[3]
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