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NANDA International (NANDA-I) | |
| formerly the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (no longer used) | |
| Founded | 1982 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Mountain, WI,US |
| Location |
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| Members | 533 |
Key people | Dr. T. Heather Herdman (PhD, RN, FNI, FAAN), CEO |
| Website | Nanda.org |
NANDA International (formerly theNorth American Nursing Diagnosis Association) is a professional organization ofnurses interested in standardizednursingterminology, that was officially founded in 1982 and develops, researches, disseminates and refines the nomenclature,criteria, andtaxonomy ofnursing diagnosis. In 2002, NANDA became NANDA International in response to the broadening scope of its membership. NANDA International publishedNursing Diagnosis quarterly, which became theInternational Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications, and then later was reconceptualized as theInternational Journal of Nursing Knowledge, which remains in print today. The Membership Network Groups foster collaboration among NANDA-I members in countries (Brazil,Colombia,Ecuador,Mexico,Peru,Portugal, andNigeria-Ghana) and for languages: theGerman Language Group (Germany,Austria,Switzerland) and theDutch Language Group (Netherlands andBelgium).
In 1973,Kristine Gebbie andMary Ann Lavin called the First National Conference on the Classification of Nursing Diagnoses (Gebbie & Lavin, 1975). It was held inSt. Louis, Missouri. Attendees produced a beginning classification, an alphabetized list of nursing diagnoses. The conference also created three structures: A National Clearinghouse for Nursing Diagnoses, located at Saint Louis University and led by Ann Becker; a Nursing Diagnosis Newsletter, edited by Anne Perry; and a National Conference Group to standardize nursing terminology and led by Marjory Gordon. In 1982 NANDA was formed, and included members from theUnited States andCanada.
NANDA developed anursing classification to organize nursing diagnoses into different categories. Although the taxonomy was revised to accommodate new diagnoses, in 1994 it became apparent that an overhaul was needed. In 2002 Taxonomy II, which was a revised version ofGordon's functional health patterns (Gordon, 1994), was released.
In 2002, NANDA became NANDA International in response to requests from its growing base of membership from outside North America. The acronym of NANDA was retained in the name because of the name recognition, but it is no longer merely "North American", and has members from 35 countries as of 2018.
Research has shown that NANDA-I is the most used, most researched of the standardized nursing languages (Tastan, S., Linch, G. C., Keenan, G. M., Stifter, J., McKinney, D., Fahey, L., ... & Wilkie, D. J., 2014). Their findings showed that the number of standardized nursing language (SNL) publications increased primarily since 2000, with most focusing on NANDA International, the Nursing Interventions Classification, and the Nursing Outcome Classification. The majority of the studies were descriptive, qualitative, or correlational designs that provide a strong base for understanding the validity and reliability of the concepts underlying the standardized nursing terminologies. There is evidence supporting the successful integration and use in electronic health records for two standardized nursing terminology sets: (1) the combination of NANDA International nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcome Classification; and (2) the Omaha System set.
The current structure of NANDA's nursing diagnoses is referred to as Taxonomy II and has three levels: Domains (13), Classes (47) and Diagnoses (277) (Herdman, Kamitsuru, & Lopes, 2021).
| Domain | Health promotion | Nutrition | Elimination/ Exchange | Activity/ Rest | Perception/ Cognition | Self- perception | Role relationship | Sexuality | Coping/Stress tolerance | Life principles | Safety/ Protection | Comfort | Growth/ Development | ||
| Class 1 | Health awareness | Ingestion | Urinary function | Sleep/Rest | Attention | Self-concept | Caregiving roles | Sexual identity | Post-trauma responses | Values | Infection | Physical comfort | Growth | ||
| Class 2 | Health management | Digestion | Gastrointestinal function | Activity/ Exercise | Orientation | Self-esteem | Family relationships | Sexual function | Coping responses | Beliefs | Physical injury | Environmental comfort | Development | ||
| Class 3 | Absorption | Integumentary function | Energy balance | Sensation/ Perception | Body image | Role performance | Reproduction | Neuro-behavioral stress | Value/Belief/ Action congruence | Violence | Social comfort | ||||
| Class 4 | Metabolism | Respiratory function | Cardio-vascular/ Pulmonary responses | Cognition | Environmental hazards | ||||||||||
| Class 5 | Hydration | Self-care | Communi- cation | Defensive processes | |||||||||||
| Class 6 | Thermo- regulation | ||||||||||||||
| International | |
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| National | |
