N-Gage

Home screen of N-Gage
Developer	Nokia
Launch date	4 February 2008 (pre-release) 3 April 2008 (full release)
Platform	Symbian -S60
Status	Discontinued
Website	www.n-gage.com (archived)

N-Gage, also referred to asN-Gage 2.0, was amobile gamingdigital distribution platform fromNokia that was available for several Nokia smartphones running onS60 (Symbian). The successor to the originalN-Gage gaming device and launched as part of theirOvi initiative in 2007, it aimed to offerAAA games for trial and purchase into a singleapplication with full compatibility to all devices, along withonline multiplayer and social features using N-Gage Arena via in-house servers.^[1][2] Games on the platform were natively coded or ported usingC++.^[3][4][5] Testing began in Finland in February 2007, but the service faced numerous delays before the service finally rolled out on April 3, 2008 with fivelaunch titles, initially forNokia N81,N82 andN95 owners.^[6][7][8]

Less than two years after its full launch, on October 30, 2009, Nokia announced that no new N-Gage games would be produced. A total of 49 games were released for it. Nokia moved its games onto theirOvi Store thereafter. N-Gage games can still be played on compatible devices, but support for the online features ceased in September 2010.^[9]

Nokia'sN-Gage gaming smartphone from 2003 did not perform as well as expected, and its upgraded QD version did not make any significant impact on the N-Gage's reputation. DuringE3 2005, Nokia announced that they would rebrand the N-Gage platform as a gaming service on severalsmartphone devices, rather than releasing a specific device.^[10]

At E3 2006, Nokia formally announced the N-Gage mobile gaming service, set for a 2007 release and previewed several titles.^[11][12][13] N-Gage was previewed for developers and publishers in January 2007.^[14] In February 2007, Nokia announced that the service would be piloted inFinland prior to its worldwide launch.^[15] As with the original N-Gage, the company had its own unit named Nokia Games Publishing to oversee the creation and publishing offirst-party game titles.^[16][17]

The N-Gage gaming service was announced to have a "first access" release in December 2007, but it was delayed as Nokia's team were making sure the service ran "smoothly".^[18] By this time, Nokia had attracted a number of third-party publishers, includingElectronic Arts,THQ,Gameloft andCapcom.^[19] Nokia used the taglineGet out and play to promote the platform.^[20]

Apublic beta test of the N-Gage application took place from 4 February 2008 to 27 March 2008,^[21] though limited only for theN81.^[22] This period of time was referred to as "First Access" and was a public test of the client which could be downloaded for free from the N-Gage website. While not the final version, the user had access to most of the features that the new application had to offer along with trial versions of three games:Hooked On: Creatures of the Deep,System Rush: Evolution andSpace Impact:Kappa Base.^[23] One day after the start of the public beta, hackers managed to unpack the N-Gage installation file and modded it to work on other Nokia Nseries devices such asN73 andN95.^[24]

The full release of the N-Gage platform went live to the public on 3 April 2008. There were five launch titles:Asphalt 3: Street Rules,Brain Challenge,Hooked On: Creatures of the Deep,System Rush: Evolution, andWorld Series of Poker: Pro Challenge.^[25][26] Three other games that were planned on launch (Space Impact: Kappa Base,Block Breaker Deluxe andTetris) were announced to have been postponed for performance reasons with a planned release date of "next week or two."^[21][26] The five initially supported handsets were:Nokia N81, N81 8GB,N82,N95 and N95 8GB.^[2]

On April 7, Nokia posted an official press release for the release of the service, and at which pointFIFA 08 also became available for purchase.^[27] There were reports in May 2008 that some users were "angry" about N-Gage'sdigital rights management (DRM) protection in that every game purchased would be not locked to the user's account but to the handset, meaning they have to buy the game again if they change handsets.^[28][29]

The N-Gage platform was compatible with:Nokia N78,N79,^[30]N81,N81 8GB,N82,N85,^[30]N86,^[31]N86 8MP,N95,N95 8GB,N96,N97,^[32]Nokia 5320 XpressMusic,^[33]5630 XpressMusic,^[34]5730 XpressMusic^[35]Nokia 6210 Navigator,^[36]6710 Navigator,^[31]6720 Classic,E52,^[37]E55 andE75.^[38] Due to memory issues,^[39] support for theNokia N73,N93 andN93i was cancelled.^[40] Support for theNokia 5800 XpressMusic was promised when it launched but was never officially rolled out.^[41][42]

Because N-Gage is a software based solution, the first generationMMC games are not compatible with the new platform,^[43] though some games made a comeback in the form of a sequel (e.g.System Rush: Evolution) or a remake/port (e.g.Mile High Pinball). Similarly, games developed for this next-gen N-Gage platform do not work on the originalN-Gage nor N-Gage QD, adding to the fact that newer S60 software, including the N-Gage client andgames, aren't binary-compatible with older S60 devices and vice versa.^{[citation needed]}

The N-Gage client app functioned as anapp store, software updater,instant messaging client, and personal achievement record.^[44] Nokia was inspired byMicrosoft’sXbox Live service in creating the user interface^[45] of the app. At the top of the N-Gage launcher are five tabs for each function. The My Games screen shows all the games that are currently installed on the phone. The Profile tab displays the user's profile, showing how many N-Gage points the user scored scored, their reputation level (ranging between 1-5 stars), the number of friends they have, and their avatar/picture. Users could also track progress through trophies/achievements.^[45]

The Showroom displayed all games that were available for download as well as Game Extras for expanding a game with extra content. Games could be downloaded directly to the phone over the air (byGPRS,3G orWiFi), or the user may choose to download it to a computer and then install it on to the phone using aUSB-cable andNokia PC Suite.^[46]

N-Gage Arena was the online service for the N-Gage community and included message boards, live chats, share user created content, tournament activities, and instant messaging. Users could also invite friends to play a game.^[47]

IGN's hands-on report found that the user interface was good and that Nokia's strategy of preloading the application on newly shipped devices will help.^[48] The websiteTrusted Reviews gave a score of three out of five to the N-Gage service with the comment that the strategy is more sensible than first generation N-Gage but that the platform still lacks quality titles and that the hardware is still behind established handheld game consoles.^[49]

In March 2009, Nokia announced that there were one million registered users of N-Gage.^[50]

After the discontinuation of the N-Gage service was announced in October 2009, publications had not only noted the platform's flaws that led to its fate but also gave some praise to Nokia for a number of own-IP and self-published games it made for the platform.Pocket Gamer wrote that first-party titles had been "uniformly excellent" and well tailored, such as therhythm gameDance Fabulous. Praise has also been given toHooked On: Creatues of the Deep,ONE, andReset Generation, the latter of which was referred to as the N-Gage service's "killer app" by All About Symbian.^[51][52][44]

Several of the N-Gage service games were nominated for International Mobile Gaming Awards in 2007.Two out of three N-Gage titles received an award:^[53]

• ONE by Digital Legends won the Best 3D award.
• Dirk Dagger and the Fallen Idol by Jadestone won the Best Gameplay award.
• Hooked On: Creatures of the Deep^[54] byInfinite Dreams Inc. was nominated for Best Gameplay.

On 8 May 2008,Hooked On: Creatures of the Deep^[54] won a Games Award during the 2008 Meffy Awards in Cannes.^[55]

Nokia launched theOvi Store on 26 May 2009, a single marketplace including forJava-developed games, and had already announced before that N-Gage games will be offered on the new store in addition to the existing N-Gage client app.^[56] On 30 October 2009, Nokia announced that no new games for the N-Gage service would be produced. All N-Gage services, which includes purchasing of games and the online features remained in operation until being shut down in September 2010.^[57][58] Later on 31 March 2011 Nokia closed their DRM activation service, leaving customers unable to reactivate their purchases in the case of a device format or software update.^[59] No transition of their purchases was made to the Ovi Store, and no compensation was given because, according to support staff, software purchases are only supported for one year.

Some gaming websites e.g.Pocket Gamer^[60][9] link N-Gage's failure to the overwhelming competition it faces fromApple'sApp Store,^[61] and has been critical of third-party titles of which many were "lazy Java ports".^[62] Ovi Gaming^[63] cited poor implementation and support from their parent company, Nokia. A bad development model^[64] and marketing have also been cited.^[65] Ewan Spence of All About Symbian wrote that keeping the "N-Gage" name, despite the failure of its predecessor, was a mistake. He also noted that N-Gage titles simply didn't sell well enough compared to theirJava andiPhone OS counterparts.^[44]

In order for the N-Gage platform and games to run smoothly, all N-Gage compatible mobile devices share a common set of specifications:

• Screen: landscape or portrait 320 x 240 pixels (except N97, with a 640 x 360 pixels screen, graphics are stretched and displayed in a letterbox format to keep aspect ratio)
• OS:Symbian S60 3rd edition (S60 5th edition on N97)
• Interface: 5 way (up, down, left, right, center) directional pad, Dedicated action buttons Circle and Square (Mapped onto keypad '5' and '0' in portrait mode) and 2 contextual buttons. Touch screen interactions were not supported (N97 emulated the actions buttons into the on-screen buttons)
• Connectivity: 3G or Wifi (Required for the connecting to the N-Gage platform for downloading games, online functions such as rankings and multiplayer)
• CPU: ARM11 with speed ranges from 369 MHz (N81) to 600 MHz (E52)
• GPU: 3D Graphics Hardware Accelerator supported (games running on devices such as the HW-Accelerated N95 have enhanced performance)
• Audio: Stereo channel

N-Gage games are packaged differently than normal Symbian applications and have the extension ".n-gage" and can only run via the N-Gage application. The game resources are protected by DRM.They cannot use any native Symbian APIs, instead they use a proprietaryAPI from the N-GageSDK. N-Gage was also designed to make it easier for developers to port games to the platform: the SDKabstracts Symbian OS and provides aPOSIX compliant, standard C/C++ layer over Symbian OS. This meant that developers no longer have to learn Symbian OS C++ idioms, like active objects and descriptors, before they can port their code. Hence it speeded up the process of porting to N-Gage as opposed to the original N-Gage hardware device.^[3]

The N-Gage API is in fact an extension of the RGA API available in the Open C++ plug-in.^[66] Only select companies were allowed access to the N-Gage SDK. To gain access they first must have been approved by Nokia and sign aNDA.

As of 23 October 2009, there were 49 games released officially on the N-Gage service. Many other games were cancelled with the shutting down of N-Gage.^[57] Some of these games are sequels, remakes or ports of the first generation N-GageMMC games.

Discover N-Gage is a preview platform of N-Gage that built-in in early versions of firmware on N81, N82 and N95.^[124] This preview app features three playable demo N-Gage games, including two games that never release in N-Gage service:FIFA 07 and Space Impact: Light. Unlike the official N-Gage service, all three games were packed into a regular .sis application that can be installed and run on anyS60v3 devices.^[125]

• Scalable Network Application Package (SNAP)
• Nokia Game
• Club Nokia
• Xbox Live
• Steam
• Game Center

• N-Gage's official website
• Nokia's official website
• Get Out And Play, an N-Gage promoting website, owned byNokia
• Shutdown announcement on the N-Gage Blog (archived)

• Mobile software
• Nokia platforms
• Nokia services
• Online video game services
• Seventh-generation video game consoles
• Mobile software distribution platforms

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