Nýdek Nydek | |
|---|---|
 Nýdek as seen from Velká Čantoryje | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Nýdek Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates:49°39′22″N18°45′25″E / 49.65611°N 18.75694°E /49.65611; 18.75694 | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Moravian-Silesian |
| District | Frýdek-Místek |
| First mentioned | 1430 |
| Area | |
• Total | 28.23 km2 (10.90 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 410 m (1,350 ft) |
| Population (2025-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 2,060 |
| • Density | 73.0/km2 (189/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 739 96 |
| Website | www |
Nýdek (Polish:Nydek,German:Niedek) is a municipality and village inFrýdek-Místek District in theMoravian-Silesian Region of theCzech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants. The municipality has a significantPolish minority.
The name of Nýdek was probably derived from the personal nameNidek.[2][3]
Nýdek is located about 28 kilometres (17 mi) east ofFrýdek-Místek and 36 km (22 mi) southeast ofOstrava, on the border withPoland. It lies in the historical region ofCieszyn Silesia, in theSilesian Beskids mountain range. The highest point isVelká Čantoryje at 995 m (3,264 ft) above sea level, located on the Czech-Polish border. TheHluchová River flows through the municipality.
The first written mention of Nýdek is from 1430, whenBolesław I, Duke of Cieszyn donated this territory to Nidek, who founded here a settlement.[3] The first mention of the settlement is from 1456.[2] Politically the village belonged then to theDuchy of Teschen that was afee of theKingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of theHabsburg monarchy.
After 1540sProtestant Reformation prevailed in the Duchy of Teschen and later localLutherans built a wooden church here (it was not built earlier by Catholics). It was taken from them (as one from around fifty buildings) in the region by a special commission and given back to theRoman Catholic Church on 21 March 1654.[4]
From the 15th century until 1792, Nýdek was owned by the Gočálkovský family.[3] In 1770, iron ore was discovered here, which caused population growth and development of the village.[2] Nýdek was bought byTeschener Kammer in 1792 for 46,000florins.[5]
AfterRevolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modernmunicipal division was introduced in the re-establishedAustrian Silesia. Nýdek as a municipality was subscribed to thepolitical district ofTeschen and thelegal district ofJablunkau. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,567 in 1880 to 1,747 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (between 94.7% and 97.7%) accompanied by German-speaking (at most 74 or 4% in 1900) and Czech-speaking people (at most 17 or 0.9% in 1880). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority wereProtestants (93.6%), followed byRoman Catholics (86 or 4.9%),Jews (7 or 0.4%) and 19others.[6]
AfterWorld War I,Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division ofCieszyn Silesia in 1920, the municipality became a part ofCzechoslovakia. Following theMunich Agreement, in October 1938 together with theTrans-Olza region it was annexed byPoland, administratively adjoined toCieszyn County ofSilesian Voivodeship.[7] It was then annexed byNazi Germany at the beginning ofWorld War II. After the war it was restored toCzechoslovakia.
Polish minority makes up 17.0% of the population.[8]
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| Source: Censuses[9][10] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.
Nýdek has a tradition of winter sports. In 1933, aski jumping hill was built here, which still works today.[3]
The most important historical monument is the Church of Saint Nicholas, built in 1576.[2]
An observation tower is located on the Velká Čantoryje mountain. It belongs to the most visited tourist destinations in the Moravian-Silesian Region.[11]
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