Mykolaiv Миколаїв Миколаїв над Дністром Mykolaiv nad Dnistrom | |
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.jpg) Church of Saint Nicholas | |
 Flag .svg) Coat of arms | |
  Mykolaiv Location of Mykolaiv in Ukraine Show map of Lviv Oblast Mykolaiv Mykolaiv (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine | |
| Coordinates:49°31′29″N23°58′44″E / 49.52472°N 23.97889°E /49.52472; 23.97889 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Lviv Oblast |
| Raion | Stryi Raion |
| Hromada | Mykolaiv urban hromada |
| Founded | 1570 |
| Town rights | 1570 |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 14,498 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Mykolaiv orMykolayiv (Ukrainian:Миколаїв,IPA:[mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯]ⓘ;Polish:Mikołajów) is acity inStryi Raion,Lviv Oblast (region) in westernUkraine. It hosts the administration ofMykolaiv urban hromada, one of thehromadas of Ukraine.[1] The population is approximately14,498 (2022 estimate).[2]
To distinguish Mykolaiv from themuch larger southern city, the former is sometimes calledMykolaiv on Dniester (Ukrainian:Миколаїв над Дністром,Mykolaiv nad Dnistrom)[3] after themajor river it situated on (while the latter is located on theSouthern Buh, another major river). The closestrailway station is officially calledMykolaiv-Dnistrovskyi.
The territory of modernMykolaiv Raion, Lviv Oblast formed part of theKingdom of Poland since the reign of KingCasimir III the Great. For a short period, between 1370 and 1387, it was part of theKingdom of Hungary, before being reintegrated with Poland. In 1570 near the former Polish royal village Drohowyż,[4]chorąży (ensign) ofPrzemyśl, Polish noblemanMikołaj Tarło [pl] founded the town which was namedMikołajów after him. TheTopór coat of arms of theTarło family is included within the town's coat of arms. By virtue of aprivilege issued in February 1570, Polish KingSigismund II Augustus granted itMagdeburg town rights, established two annualfairs and exempted the town from taxes for 20 years.[4] It was aprivate town of Poland, its first owner was Mikołaj Tarło. In 1576, KingStephen Báthory confirmed these privileges and allowed the production ofvodka.[4] In 1593, after a fire, KingSigismund III Vasa exempted Mikołajów from taxes again.[4] By 1595 it belonged to the Polish diplomatJerzy Mniszech, who in 1607 founded a Catholic parish here.[4] In 1636 the church of Saint Nicholas was consecrated.[4]
In 1772, following theFirst Partition of Poland, the town was annexed by theHabsburg Empire, where it remained until late 1918. In theinterwar period, itreturned toPoland, and belonged to theStanisławów Voivodeship. After theinvasion of Poland it was underSoviet occupation from 1939 to 1941.[5] In June 1941 theNKVD murdered an unknown number of Poles and Ukrainians in a local prison.[5] After that, the town was from 1941 to 1944 underGerman occupation.[5] At that time, the PolishHome Army underground resistance movement operated here.[5] During the second period ofSoviet occupation in 1944–1945, the Sovietsdeported Polish inhabitants deep into the Soviet Union.[5] After the war, in accordance with thePotsdam Agreement, it was taken from Poland and annexed by the Soviet Union, where it was included in theUkrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Until 18 July 2020, Mykolaiv was the administrative center ofMykolaiv Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Mykolaiv Raion was merged into Stryi Raion.[6][7]
Distribution of the population by native language according to the2001 census:[8]
| Language | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 14 554 | 98.44% |
| Russian | 204 | 1.38% |
| Other or undecided | 26 | 0.18% |
| Total | 14 784 | 100.00% |
In 1837, Polish romantic writerWalery Łoziński was born here.Uliana Kravchenko a Ukrainian educator, writer, and the firstGalician woman to publish a book of poetry was born here in 1860.[9]
European route E471 which connectsMukachevo inZakarpattia Oblast withLviv, runs through the city. The city also has a train station.
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