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TheMacedonian music refers to all forms of music associated withethnic Macedonians. It shares similarities with the music of neighbouringBalkan countries, yet it remains overall distinctive in its rhythm and sound.
Theethnic Macedonianfolk music (Macedonian: Народна музика,Narodna muzika) includes:
The Macedonian traditional music, which can be rural orurban (starogradska muzika), includes: lyric songs, epic songs, labour songs, ritual songs, humorous songs,circle dance ("oro"), the old urban style calledČalgija (not to be confused withchalga) etc.Popular traditional songs are:Kaleš bre Anǵo,Slušam kaj šumat šumite,Biljana platno beleše,Dafino vino crveno,Zemjo Makedonska and many others.Narode Makedonski is a nationalist folk song about the Macedonian national revival.[1]Often referenced oro dances areTeškoto from the village ofGaličnik,Kalajdžiskoto,Komitskoto (The Dance of the freedom fighters) and others. An internationally acclaimed professional folklore association is the award-winningTanec.
Themusic of the Balkans is known for complex rhythms. Macedonian music exemplifies this trait. Folk songs like "Pomnish li, libe Todoro" (Помниш ли, либе Тодоро) can have rhythms as complex as 22/16, divided by stanza to 2+2+3+2+2+3+2+2+2+2, a combination of the two common meters 11=2+2+3+2+2 and 11=3+2+2+2+2(sheet music). In order to add tension to notes, musicians (primarily from older schools) will add the distinctive characteristic of stretching out beats.
Thegajda (гајда), a type ofbagpipe, was the most common folk instrument in traditional Macedonian culture. It has now become an instrument for concert recitation, drawing on recent legends likePece Atanasovski(video), leader of theRadio Skopje ensembleAnsambl na Narodni Instrumenti, as the source of modern tradition. Other instruments include:
Macedonian folk orchestras consist of aclarinet or saxophone, drum kit, bass guitar,accordion and guitar, sometimes with modern synthesizers anddrum machines. These orchestras are very popular in Macedonia. Popular members arevirtuoso musiciansSkender Ameti andGoran Alachki on accordion andMiroslav Businovski on clarinet.
Čalgija is an urban style, played by bands (Čalgii) with adajre (tambourine) andtarabuka (hourglass drum) providing percussion forut (lute),kanun (zither),clarinet and violin. Though modern musicians have updated the Čalgija into a spectrum of hard and soft, classical and pop sounds, some traditional musicians remain. Perhaps the most influential of recent years wasTale Ognenovski, who plays a wide variety of traditional and modern sounds.
After World War IIPeople's Republic of Macedonia sponsored the creation of professional ensembles such a "Chalgii orchestra", "Folk music orchestra" and "Authentic folk instruments orchestra" which were departments of "Radio Television Skopje" and performed arranged version of folk melodies. Folk music orchestras performed arranged versions of folk melodies.[2][3][4][5][6]
Since 1971 the Macedonian folk music duo,Selimova-Želčeski is active.[7] At the International Folklore Conference organized by the International Folklore Committee inIstanbul,Turkey, 1977, on the subject of "Folklore on the Radio" representative fromYugoslavian Radio Television (Former Yugoslavia) was Dushko Dimitrovski, Editor of the Folk Music Department for "Radio Television Skopje" (nowMacedonian Radio Television) from theSocialist Republic of Macedonia presented folklore material in his presentation entitled "Chalgija music in Macedonia", including the recordings of Macedonian folk dances: "Kasapsko oro", arranged byTale Ognenovski, and "Kumovo oro chochek", composed byTale Ognenovski[8][9][10][11] and performed by him as clarinet soloist accompanied by the "Chalgii" orchestra of Radio Television Skopje (now Macedonian Radio Television), which created great interest not only amongst the delegates of the Conference but also around the world.[12][13][14][5]
In the book entitled "Rough Guide to World Music Volume One: Africa, Europe & The Middle East" written by Simon Broughton and Mark Ellingham on page 202 subtitle: Macedonia tricky rhythm, Kim Burton noted: "In western music, a bar of triple time – such as a waltz has three equal beats: but in Macedonia it may a bar of 7/8 divided up as 3-2-2 or 2-2-3 or 2-3-2 and so on…" In this book on page 203 was written: "One of the few clarinettists to have performed successfully both with a calgia and in the more modern style isTale Ognenovski, born in 1922 and one of the most influential musicians of the post-war era. He was a member of the Tanec group during the 1950s and lead clarinet of the Radio Skopje calgia. The composer of many tunes that have become standards, and which is the basis for Macedonia's own new composed folk music."[15][16]
The magazine "Ilustrovana politika" observes,"Radio Television Belgrade" (PGP-RTB, now PGP-RTS Radio Television of Serbia, Serbia) released an LP of Macedonian folk music (LP 1439 RTB, produced in 1979), on which is performances by the extraordinary clarinetistTale Ognenovski. His music repertoire is folk dances, jazz (besides others he includes works byBenny Goodman andArtie Shaw), concerts fromCarl Maria von Weber,Mozart andErnesto Cavallini...This is Tale Ognenovski who began to play the clarinet in the village ofBrusnik nearBitola, who with this wooden instrument toured the world and received well-deserved applause wherever he performed."[17][18][19][20][5]
In his book,For Our Music Dushko Dimitrovski writes: "The impossible becomes possible: two usually non-complementary parallel-existing worlds of sounds, Europe andThe Orient, are inTale Ognenovski's music naturally brought closer together, understand each other and merge."[21][22][16][3]
In September, 2001 Tale Ognenovski released CD album:Jazz, Macedonian Folk Dances and Classical Music[23] Reviewer Neil Horner of the MusicWeb International comments, "He is undoubtedly an exceptional artist and the predominant image created in my mind is of Benny Goodman playing the superb Contrasts he commissioned Bartók to write for him …This disc is likely to appeal to world music aficionados who enjoy theBalkan/Levantine soundworld and perhaps also those who care to hear the source musics of their classical favourites, the aforementionedBartók but also, here, perhaps people likeSkalkottas."[24][23]
Contemporary folk music is a popular style based on the traditional folk music. However, unlike it, contemporary folk music is credited to a particular author and it falls under the copyright laws, it is performed by professional musicians and it is usually (but not necessarily) played with modern instrumentation. Usually, the older performers and composers (such as the highly acclaimedAleksandar Sarievski,Jonče Hristovski andDobri Stavrevski) stay closer to the traditional roots, and thus contemporary folk music is often mistaken for traditional. On the other hand, the younger usually espouse a more modernized sound and image, thus often being disproved by the traditional purists askitsch. Nevertheless, the style is popular among the common people and notable performers include:Anka Gieva,Vanja Lazarova,Violeta Tomovska, Elena Georgieva,Suzana Spasovska,Mitre Mitrevski,Efto Pupinovski,Voislav Stojanovski [mk],Orce Stefkovski,Blagica Pavlovska,Dragan Vučić,Zoran Vanev,Vaska IlievaWik Kakarotski and others. Some of them also perform traditional songs. The newest generation of performers of this genre such asAneta Micevska,Blagojce Stojanovski-TUSE,Sonja Tarculovska,Elena Velevska,Jasmina Mukaetova,Aneta Nakovska,Pane Panev altogether with the bands such asMolika,Bioritam,AkademciBolero bend,Art Plaza have introduced a newer outlook to this kind of music inspired by the Serbianturbofolk, Bulgarianchalga, and Greeklaika, so their style is more considered aspop-folk, rather than folk music.
Several popular folk music festivals exist, including:Folk fest Valandovo inValandovo,Serenada na Širok sokak inBitola,Cvetnici in Skopje,Ohridski trubaduri – Ohrid Fest inOhrid and others.
Traditional as well as modern music is created and performed in other countries where Macedonian communities exist, which include primarily theBalkan countries surrounding North Macedonia, as well as enclaves resulting from thediaspora in the US, Australia, Canada and other countries.A notable example is the folk musician Kostas Novakis fromGreece (born inKoufalia,Thessaloniki regional unit,Greek Macedonia), who claims Macedonian ethnicity and performs traditional ethnic Macedonian music. Despite the political tensions between North Macedonia, with ethnic Macedonians on one side and Greece on the other, Novakis released several CD titles with traditional ethnic Macedonian music in Greece[1].
"Macedonian folk music is governed by rhythmic laws and set metres. Foreign influences, in so far as they existed, where subjected to the rules of accentuation of theMacedonian popular language. The melody is usually asymmetrical... ""Teškoto" from Nižopole (Bitola) means "heavy," and indicates the heavy rhythm which is typical of very ancient dances," appeared in an article entitled, "Extracts from PROGRAMME NOTES ON THE DANCES AND SONGS performed at theYugoslav Folk Music Festival", with the subtitle 'MACEDONIA – represented by 23 villages", published byThe International Folk Music Council (IFMC)[25][26][27][3] Stevan Ognenovski[28][29][3][5][26] in his book entitledTale Ognenovski Virtuoso of the Clarinet and Composer /Тале Огненовски виртуоз на кларинет и композитор (2000), noted: "At the "Yugoslav Folk Music Festival inOpatija,Croatia (8 to 14 September 1951) the Folk Dance group from theBitola village of Nižopole from theBitola in whichTale Ognenovski was playing as a clarinet soloist in the folk dance "Teškoto", received First Award as the best Folk Dance group at the festival. This was a great success because in this Festival participated 85 different folk dance groups from Macedonia, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The musical part of the group had only two members:Tale Ognenovski played solo clarinet with the accompaniment of drummer Lambe Petrovski."[27][3][26]
Croatian ethnomusicologist Dr Vinko Zganec wrote "The clarinet was as effective an accompaniment to the large drum in the folk dance from Kozjak as it was to the small drum in the folk dance "Teškoto" from Nižopole (Bitola). They provided a very effective combination." This appeared in an article entitled "Yugoslav Musical folklore at the Festival inOpatija".[30][3][26][31]Yugoslav Folk Music Festival had been especially arranged by "Unions of Societies for Culture and Education of Yugoslavia" for the members of the Conference ofThe International Folk Music Council (IFMC) to studying folk music tradition and beauty and variety of Yugoslav folk art of 85 folk dance groups from Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia,Macedonia and Croatia which participated at this festival. "Every evening, for three hours or more, we witnessed an astonishing pageant of costume and custom, ritual and social dance, song and instrumental playing by 700 performers brought together from every part of the country. This was a world whose riches most of us had barely guessed at and, in this highly concentrated presentation, it was an overwhelming and unforgettable experience," written byMarie Slocombe and appeared in an article entitled, "Some Impression of the Yugoslav Conference and Festival" published byThe International Folk Music Council (IFMC).[32][33][3][26]
TheTanec Ensemble of folklore dances and songs of Macedonia was founded by the Government of thePeople's Republic of Macedonia in 1949 with an aim to collect, preserve and present the Macedonian folklore. Ensemble Tanec performed arranged version of folk melodies."[6] On 20 January 1956, the Tanec ensemble arrived in the US, and their televised performance onCBS TV ProgrammeOmnibus (U.S. TV series) on 22 January 1956 was viewed by millions people.[34][35][3][36] It established the Tanec ensemble international stature and confirmation of this were reviews in the newspapers in North America for his 66 concerts:
On 27 January 1956, the Tanec Ensemble performed atCarnegie Hall in New York City. For this Carnegie Hall concertThe New York Times music criticJohn Martin, wrote, "This particular group, part of a national movement toward the revival of the folk arts, comes fromMacedonia … brilliantly spectacular and wonderfully unfamiliar dances … unforgettable pipe."[37][38][3][39]
TheNew York Herald Tribune music critic Walter Terry, wrote, "Tanec, aMacedonian group of some forty dancers and musicians, gave generously of their rich folk heritage ... In "Sopska Poskocica", to make the point five young men took over the stage and indulged in show-off tactics to attract the girl ... An audience which jammed Carnegie to capacity cheered and applauded the folk dancing with as much enthusiasm as if it had been witnessing classical, theatrical ballet at its most glittering".[40][41][3][42]
Stjepan Pucak, formerTanjug correspondent andCroatian journalist note: "To choose which were the most successful of the program's seventeen folk dances, when all were greeted with stormy applause, is really very difficult and risky ... "Sopska Poskocica" was even repeated, and to repeat a performance on the American stage is a really rare and exclusive event."[43][44][3]
Naum Nachevski, journalist of the newspaperNova Makedonija,Skopje,People’s Republic of Macedonia note: "The audience interrupted some of the folk dance performances with applause; these dances in particular left great impressions of the folklore … the unusual rhythm ofMacedonian folk music. The "Tanec" ensemble not only received a warm welcome from the New York public, but also from the New York press."[45][46][39][3]
The New York Times music criticJohn Martin, on 5 February 1956, wrote, "There is an amazing variety to the dances that comprised this particular program … the broken circles of the kolo of theMacedonian mountains … a datelessreed pipe".[47][39][3]
Tanec's North American tour began with their debut onCBS TV ProgrammeOmnibus (U.S. TV series) on 22 January 1956. Their first live US television performance was taped on videocassette and archived at theLibrary of Congress in Washington, D.C., and in Catalog Record is written description content: "TheYugoslav national folk ballet / directed byElliot Silverstein; with the Tanec dance troupe fromMacedonia (20 min.)"[34][35][3][36]
For the concerts at TheCivic Opera House in Chicago, Illinois on 4–5 February 1956, TheChicago Daily Tribune reviewer,Claudia Cassidy, noted: "… called Tanec, which is theMacedonian word for dance, this group of 37 dancers, singers and musicians is a kaleidoscope of the Balkans ... When five of them dance the "Sopska Poskocica", which apparently just means they are showing off to the girls. I would keep them any day as an unfair trade for the four little swans inSwan Lake."[48][49][3]
For the concert at TheAcademy of Music in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 7 February 1956,The Philadelphia Inquirer music critic Samuel Singer commented, "'Tanec' means 'dance', but 'dance' in a larger form than customary. Besides dance alone, it conveys drama, ritual, tradition, songs, even military maneuvers ... there was a remarkable precision in both dancing and playing ... Clarinet, bass fiddle, violin, drums, guitar and flute provided most of the accompaniments in various combinations."[50][51][3]
For the concert at TheConstitution Hall in Washington, D.C., on 9 February 1956, Paul Hume, theWashington Post and Times music critic observed, "A "Sopska Poskocica" is devised to show the girls how handsome and wonderful and brilliant and exciting and sensational their man friends are. The rate at which it is danced, and the tremendous energy and precision of six men who dance it, is unique and demanded a repetition."[52][51][3]
For the concert atMassey Hall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on 13 February 1956, John Kraglund, a music critic forThe Globe and Mail wrote: "The first impression, however, must be one of rhythmic precision ... Nor was the performance without spectacle ... in the case of one dance, Sopska Poskocica, it was no more than a show-off dance. As such it was highly effective."[53][54][3]
For the concert at TheWar Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, California on 7 March 1956,San Francisco Chronicle music critic R. H. Hagan says, "… in a number titled simply "Macedonian Tune", which in its intricate rhythms and plaintive melody should at least makeDave Brubeck send out an emergency call forDarius Milhaud".[55][56][3]
For the concert at The Philharmonic Auditorium in Los Angeles, California on 12 March 1956,Los Angeles Times music critic Albert Goldberg commented: "For authentic folk dancing, wild and free and yet subject to its own intricate disciplines, this group would be hard to beat ...They are accompanied by a group of musicians consisting of a violinist, guitar and accordion players, a flutist, a clarinetist and double bass, though drums of different types are frequently involved, as well as a shepherd's reed pipe".[57][58][3]
Dance Observer commented: "The capacity audience at Carnegie Hall on January 27 for the single New York performance of Tanec, the Yugoslav National Folk Ballet, enjoyed a fascinating cross-section of over 2000 years of human history and culture. Tanec is aMacedonian group".[59][3]
After the end of the tour theLife commented: "A hundred years ago on the rugged roads of Macedonia, bands of brigands used to plunder the caravans of rich merchants and, like Robin Hood, pass on some of their spoils to the poor ... this spring, theYugoslav National Folk Ballet is making a first, and highly successful tour of the U.S ... Together they make as vigorous a display of dancing as the U.S. has ever seen."[60][61][62][3]
Craig Harris atAllmusic noted for The Tanec Ensemble and clarinetistTale Ognenovski, "The ensemble reached their peak during the late '50s, when influential clarinet and pipes playerTale Ognenovski was a member."[63][3][16]
Notable members of theTanec Ensemble include clarinetist and composerTale Ognenovski[16][8][5] – Tale Ognenovski performed as clarinet andreed pipe (recorder) soloist with EnsembleTanec during their tour of : United States of America and Canada (66 concerts, between 22 January 1956 and 12 April 1956 including on the Ford Foundation TV ProgrammeOmnibus (U.S. TV series) on 22 January 1956 onCBS and concert on 27 January 1956 atCarnegie Hall in New York City) ;[64][3][42][39][36] Germany (72 concerts from 15 August until 27 October 1956) ;[65][66][3] France (83 concerts from 20 September until 25 November 1959) ;[67][68][3] Switzerland (4 concerts from 7–10 July 1959).[69][70][3]
For the contribution ofTale Ognenovski to theTanec's North American tour, his biographer Stevan Ognenovski[28][29][3][5][16][71] in the book entitledTale Ognenovski Virtuoso of the Clarinet and Composer /Тале Огненовски виртуоз на кларинет и композитор (2000), noted: "Tale Ognenovski was clarinet soloist in "Sopska Poskocica" but he also helped arrange the music for he added his own improvisations to some parts of the dance ... EnsembleTanec performed 66 concerts ... They were described as a Great Cultural Event by the American press."[72][3]
Tale Ognenovski as a clarinet soloist performed the Macedonian folk dances "Zhensko Chamche" and "Beranche" with EnsembleTanec in Vardar Film's 1955 production of "Ritam i zvuk (Rhythm and Sound)".[73][74][75][3]
EnsembleTanec during their tour of France from 20 September until 25 November 1959. They performed 83 concerts in 58 towns and cities in France. The Ensemble twice had performances broadcast on television, on 21 and 22 September 1959: 20 million people would have seen them on the most popular programme on French Television. Radio Paris recorded a 45-minute programme of Macedonian folk dances and songs.[67][68][3]
In a 1964 interview, for the newspaper "Večer",Skopje,People's Republic of Macedonia Raymond Guillier, The Manager of EnsembleTanec's tour of France (from Paris, France) commented: "Everyone who went to the concerts by EnsembleTanec in France was fascinated …Tanec is playing in the spirit ofMacedonia, no other Ensemble in the world can perform ... Your girls and boys put their whole heart into the dance and example of this is clarinetistTale Ognenovski."[76][77][68][3]
For the concert of TheTanec ensemble at "Grand Palais" in Bourges, France on 23 September 1959, newspaper "La nouvelle republique du Centre" commented: "The first performance of the National Ballet ofMacedonia was a tremendous success. Everyone in the hall applauded with enthusiasm, here in the 'Grand Palais' in Bourges at the first performance in France ... The members of the National Ballet ofMacedonia arrived four days ago in Paris and have been shown on television,"[78][79][68][3] and newspaper "Le Berry Republicain" commented: "The quality and talent of this group is admirable ... This is the first time that they have performed in France ... At the end of their concert, the members of EnsembleTanec remained on stage and were applauded by the Bourges audiences for more than a quarter of an hour."[80][81][68][3]
The concerts of theTanec ensemble were performed in Berne on 7 and 8 July 1959 and in Geneva on 9 and 10 July 1959.Tale Ognenovski made his debut on a special programme broadcast on Swiss Television. Playing as clarinet soloist, he performed his personally composedMacedonian folk dances "Bitolsko oro" and "Brusnichko oro".[82] For the concert of The Tanec ensemble atPort Gitana Bellevue, Geneva on 10 July 1959, newspaper "Tribune de Geneve" commented: "We were presented with remarkable spectacles performed by theYugoslavian National Folk Ballet 'Tanec' fromMacedonia ... Nothing here that resembled classical dances of our Western World ... They have the rhythm of the dances of their country in their blood...."[69][70][83][3]
Tale Ognenovski was included in the bookThe Greatest Clarinet Players of All Time: Top 100 by Alex Trost and Vadim Kravetsky. Mi2n Music Industry News Network published an article entitled, "ClarinetistTale Ognenovski Is Included in the Book Entitled "The Greatest Clarinet Players of All Time: Top 100" By Alex Trost And Vadim Kravetsky, Publisher: CreateSpace.""[84][16][85][86][71]
TheMokranjac School of Music was established inSkopje in 1934. In addition to its well-respectedchoir, it was famous for the people that were involved in its establishment, composers likeTrajko Prokopiev andTodor Skalovski.
After the formation of thePR Macedonia, theMacedonian Philharmonic Orchestra was established in 1944,[87] while in 1947 the Association of Musicians of Macedonia was created. Shortly after that, the first Macedonian radio concert was made, conducted byTodor Skalovski.
During the 1950s, the first Macedonian ballet byGligor Smokvarski and operaGoce byKiril Makedonski were produced. The period after these brought a relative renaissance of Macedonian music, focussed on innovation. The most prominent composers in this period areZivko Firfov,Trajko Prokopiev,Stefan Gajdov,Todor Skalovski,Petre Bogdanov Kocko,Vlastimir Nikolovski,Blagoja Ivanovski,Tomislav Zografski,Toma Prosev andMihajlo Nikolovski. Among the most prominent music artists in this period are the opera singersDanka Firfova,Pavlina Apostolova,Georgi Bozikov andZina Krelja, and the pianistLadislav Palfi. Firfova was one of the first trained sopranos in Macedonia and debuted in 1947 as Santuzza in a Macedonian-language version of theCavalleria Rusticana, the first opera ever sung in Macedonian.[88]
The "Macedonian National Police Wind Orchestra" comprising about 30 musicians and conducted by Micho Kostovski was established in 1949. In December 1952,Tale Ognenovski as clarinet soloist, together with pianist Nino Cipušev as accompaniment, performed the classical concert "Concert Polka for Clarinet" by Miler Bela in the "Police House" in Skopje with outstanding success and he became the first clarinet soloist in the history of country to perform a classical concert for the clarinet. On 24 May 1953 he played clarinet soloist in the classical concert "Concert Polka for Clarinet" by Miler Bela withGligor Smokvarski's arrangement for the "Public Police Wind Orchestra", comprising about 30 musicians and conducted by Micho Kostovski. The concert was performed in the Radio Skopje building, and broadcast directly to the nation via Radio Skopje (nowMacedonian Radio Television).[89][3][90][5][5]
Tale Ognenovski and his son Stevan Ognenovski arranged for two clarinetsClarinet Concerto in A Major, K.622, composed byWolfgang Amadeus Mozart and recorded the albums:Mozart and Ognenovski Clarinet Concertos[91][92][93][71][86][94] andMozart Clarinet Concerto in A, K. 622 Arranged for Two Clarinets by Tale Ognenovski.[95][71][94] Perhaps these two albums are unique recordings of this concert with two clarinets where first clarinet with first arrangement and second clarinet with second arrangement that's played simultaneously – by one performer (Tale Ognenovski).[95][71]Top40-Charts News published the articles entitled, "Tale Ognenovski, Internationally Renowned Jazz And Classical Clarinetist Released CD Album Entitled: Mozart And Ognenovski Clarinet Concertos To Celebrate The 250th Anniversary of Mozart's Birthday" on 13 November 2006,[92] and "Mozart and Ognenovski Is the Best Clarinet Concertos in the World" on 21 November 2014[86] Mi2n Music Industry News Network published an article entitled, "New Digital Album of Clarinetist And ComposerTale Ognenovski: "Mozart Clarinet Concerto in A, K. 622 Arranged For Two Clarinets ByTale Ognenovski" on 27 April 2017.[94]
Today, one of the most prominent classical music artists is the pianistsSimon Trpčeski, also notableopera singers includeNeven Siljanovski,Blagoj Nacoski,Ana Durlovski,Igor Durlovski andBoris Trajanov. From the diaspora, a notable performer is the Australian born, butMacedonian pianistHristijan Spirovski. The most prominent conductors includeBorjan Canev, Sasho Tatarchevski, Bisera Chadlovska and Oliver Balaburski, and the most notable instrumentalist are the violinistsLjubisha Kirovski,Oleg Kondratenko and Russian bornAnna Kondratenko, the saxophonistNinoslav Dimov, the clarinetistStojan Dimov, the bassistsVelko Todevski andPetrus Petrusevski, the oboists Tome Atanasov, Vasil Atanasov andGordana Josifova-Nedelkovska. Among the composers are Darija Andovska, Jana Andreevska, Goce Kolarovski, Tome Mancev, Stojan Stojkov, Damjan Temkov, Valentina Velkovska,Soni Petrovski, Goran Nachevski, Boris Svetiev,Ljubomir Brangjolica, Michael Bakrnčev[2] and the composer, but also a performer, musicologist and researcher,Dimitrije Bužarovski.
Popular pop music performers inNorth Macedonia include:Toše Proeski (the most prominent Macedonian singer),Karolina Gočeva,Maja Odžaklievska,Ljupka Dimitrovska, Rebeka,Gjoko Gjorchev,Elena Risteska, Andrea,Vlatko Ilievski,Vlatko Lozanoski, DNK,Dani Dimitrovska,Kaliopi,Tamara Todevska,Vrcak,Robert Bilbilov,Lambe Alabakoski,Jovan Jovanov,Andrijana Janevska,Kristina Arnaudova,Aco Andonov and others. Notable composers, producers and arrangers involved in the pop music scene areDarko Dimitrov, Damir Imeri, Aleksandar Masevski, andGrigor Koprov. Many artists are famous as both singer and songwriter such asJovan Jovanov andMiyatta.
The first examples of Macedonian pop music appeared in the mid-20th century and was called "zabavna muzika". The most famous old-generation performers areZafir Hadzimanov,Verica Risteska,Dragan Mijalkovski and many others. According to style, Macedonian pop music is a Western type of pop music, with influences of folk and oriental music. Several fusion genres such as pop-rock, pop-rap, ethnopop, and pop-folk also have developed.
Major music festivals in North Macedonia includeSkopje Fest inSkopje,Ohrid Fest inOhrid,MakFest inŠtip,Interfest inBitola,Dfest inStar Dojran.
North Macedonia debuted as anindependent state at theEurovision Song Contest 1998. So far, its highest placing was seventh inEurovision Song Contest 2019 final which altogether was overall best result in televoting years.
The most successful and influential rock band in North Macedonia and one of the most popular in Western Balkans wasLeb i Sol. They combined rock music withfusion jazz andtraditional music elements creating a distinct sound of their own, becoming one of the top acts of the Western Balkans. After they broke up, the guitaristVlatko Stefanovski, the bassistBodan Arsovski, the keyboard player Kokan Dimuševski and the drummer Garabet Tavitijan all started successful solo careers, each in his own right. In 2006 they gathered again for a reunion tour to mark 30th anniversary since their beginning as a band. In 2008, a different line-up recorded a new album,I taka nataka without Stefanovski's and Tavitjan's participation.
Other notable group was Bisbez, which was influenced byThe Beatles and other 1960s artists. It was formed in 1964 by merging two previously existing bands Biseri (meaningPearls) and Bezimeni (Nameless). During the 1970s notable groups were Pu, Madrigali, Ilinden 903, Den za Den, Leva patika, Triangl, Torr and others. Most of them were intohard rock,progressive rock,folk rock,symphonic rock,jazz rock andfunk rock. The late 1970s saw the emergence ofpunk rock. The first punk rock band wasFol Jazik, formed in Skopje in 1979. During the 1980s other notable punk groups were Saraceni andBadmingtons, both led by Vladimir Petrovski Karter. Later he switched to a more mainstream sound and formed the groupAleksandar Makedonski (Alexander of Macedon). Thenew wave scene featured artists such as theska groupCilindar, Usta na usta and Tokmu taka. Tokmu taka's vocalist LjupčoBubo Karov fromKavadarci later became popular as an actor of the comedy TV showK-15, while Usta na usta's memberAleksandar Prokopiev became a prominent writer. Another influential band wasBon Ton Bend with Dario Pankovski, who released many hits of new wave music. Notableheavy metal artists were the groups Karamela and Concorde, the latter being remembered for their more radio-friendly hit "Visoki štikli i crni čorapi" ("High Heels and Black Stockings"). Its guitarist Venko Serafimov later started a successful solo career. Thesynthpop trioBastion which featuredKiril Džajkovski was one of the most important 1980s acts. Another notable 1980's act wasHaos in Laos. Thepop-rock group Memorija formed in 1984 was one of the most prosperous from this period. The most productive in the country was thepost-punk,darkwave andgothic rock scene which included thecult bandsMizar,Arhangel andPadot na Vizantija, the latter led byGoran Trajkoski andKlime Kovaceski. Later they formed theneo-folk groupAnastasia which became internationally acclaimed with its soundtrack for theMilčo Mančevski'sAcademy Award-nominated filmBefore the Rain.
Notable artists during the first half of the 1990s music included thethrash metal groupSanatorium, thealternative rock bands Suns, Last Expedition, The Hip, Balkan Express, Decadence,Vodolija, Nikeja, the punk rockersRok Agresori and Parketi, and D' Daltons, which was initially arockabilly act. The second half of the decade saw the emergence of thehardcore punk bands Sidewalk, Fluks, Tank Warning Net, Smut, Bumbiks and No Name Nation, while notableextreme metal band was Siniac. In the 2000s, prominent acts includedSuperhiks (ska punk), Denny Te Chuva (melodic hardcore,emo), Smut (metalcore), Verka (folk metal), Two Sides (hardcore punk), Parketi (pop punk), Kulturno Umetnički Rabotnici (garage punk), Noviot početok (hardcore punk),Bernays Propaganda (indie-rock,post-punk revival) and others. Notable artists during the 2010s areVizija (alternative/experimental rock), XaХаXa (punk rock), Molokai (Surf rock), Smoke shakers (indie rock), Chromatic point (progressive metal), Culture Development (post hardcore), Tempera (Alternative rock) and others. Notableall-female bands in the Macedonian scene were Royal Albert Hall and Vivid.
There are several rock music festivals, some of the most notable include:Taksirat annually organized by Lithium Records and theSkopje gori organized by Avalon Productions. Both of the festivals hosted numerous internationally acclaimed rock,electronica andhip hop acts. There are also smaller demo band festivals such asWinner Fest (formerly known asLoser Fest) andRok-fest, the latter has existed for several decades. The most notable international open-air festival wasAlarm held in Ljubaništa by theOhrid Lake in 2002. In 1994 a peace festival calledUrban fest was organized in Skopje gatheringunderground music artists from all theBalkan countries.
In 2025, a music festival was organized by the noise-rock bandKorka inKočani, in remembrance of the victims ofthe fire that erupted in March of that year.
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A well-developedhip hop music scene also exists. Hip hop culture thrives throughstreet dance competitions, graffiti art, and underground battles in cities likeSkopje, the capital. The genre continues to gain prominence, especially among younger generations.[96][97][98][99]
The most prominentelectronic musicians areKiril Džajkovski (a former member ofBastion), Galoski, the PMG Collective, Robotek,Novogradska andGotra. North Macedonia has a developed clubbing scene especially inSkopje. Several festivals featuring foreign DJs take place in the country, many of them on theOhrid Lake during the summer season.Psychedelic trance is one of the most popular electronic genres in North Macedonia, and there is large number of internationally popular and successful psytrance acts from Macedonia, for example Imaginary Sight,Fobi, Kala, Yudhisthira, AntHill (joined project of Kala and Yudhisthira), Blisargon Demogorgon, Atriohm, Zopmanika, Demoniac Insomniac, Egorythmia, Galactic Explorers, Djantrix, Spirit Architect, Tengri, etc.
The Macedonian jazz scene is highly appreciated as well. Famous and celebrated jazz musicians and bands include: guitaristToni Kitanovski, vibraphonistZoran Madžirov, pianists Dragan Soldatovic – Labish andSimon Kiselicki, bands like Tavitjan Brothers, Sethstat, Letecki Pekinezeri, La Colonie Volvox among others. TheSkopje Jazz Festival is held annually.
In September 2008,Tale Ognenovski Quartet released CD album:Macedonian Clarinet Jazz Composed byTale Ognenovski.[100][101]All About Jazz published article entitled: "New CD 'Macedonian Clarinet Jazz Composed ByTale Ognenovski of Internationally Renowned Jazz, Folk Dance And Classical Clarinetist" on 27 September 2008 at his website.[101][100][71]
"…lively discussion about clarinetistTale Ognenovski, which segued to the proliferation of New York bands interpreting Balkan music," wroteJazzTimes music critic Bill Shoemaker in an article entitled "Dave Douglas: Parallel Worlds", appearing in the website ofJazzTimes on 3 January 1998.[102][16]
Jazzclub Unterfahrt from Munich, Bavaria, Germany commented: "Playing the music of clarinetistTale Ognenovski is different from imitatingMichael Breckers style."[103][16]
All About Jazz celebrated 27 April 2009, the birthday ofTale Ognenovski with All About Jazz recognition: Jazz Musician of the Day:Tale Ognenovski, with announcement published at his website.[104][105][16]
One of the most notablechildren's music festivals isZlatno slavejče (Golden Nightingale) annually held inSkopje, which has a long tradition in North Macedonia. Other festivals includeSi-Do inBitolaKalinka inGevgelija and Super Zvezda, also in Skopje. Notable composers of children's songs, producers and arrangers include Mile Sherdenkov, Dragan Karanfilovski Bojs, Miodrag and Marjan Nečak, Kire Kostov, Petar Sidovski, Slave Dimitrov, Milko Lozanovski,Aleksandar Džambazov, Ljupčo Mirkovski, Darko Mijalkovski and others. Several TV shows featuring children music exist. The country also takes part in theJunior Eurovision Song Contest and recently achieved the best result- 5th place for their 2007 entry at theJunior Eurovision Song Contest 2007.[citation needed]
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