1The developing regions ofRomania have no administrative role. 2 as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned to have any political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps 3w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address 4x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator,Romtelecom, and 3 for the other ground telephone networks 5used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles,ATVs, etc.), and the ones used outside the county
The ethnic map of Mureș county in 2002The ethnic map of Mureș county in 2011
In2022, the population of Mureș County was registered as 518,193 people, 22,39% of them living inTârgu Mureș, making it thesixteenth largest city inRomania, with a population of 116,033 people.
The next city in the county by number of people isReghin, with 29,742 people, followed bySighișoara, with 23,927 and thenTârnăveni, with 20,604.[2]
Historically, Mureş-Turda County was located in the central-northern part ofGreater Romania, in the central part ofTransylvania. The capital wasTârgu Mureș. After the administrative unification law in 1925, it was renamed to Mureș County, and the territory was reorganized. It was bordered on the south byTârnava-Mică County, on the southwest byTurda County, on the west byCluj County, on the north byNăsăud County, on the northeast with the counties ofCâmpulung andNeamț, and on the southeast with the counties ofCiuc andOdorhei. Most of the territory of the historical county is found in the present Mureș County, except for the northeastern area, which is located inHarghita County, and the northwestern area inBistrița-Năsăud County today.
In 1938,King Carol II promulgated a newConstitution, and subsequently he had the administrative division of the Romanian territory changed.10ținuturi (approximate translation: "lands") were created (by merging the counties) to be ruled byrezidenți regali (approximate translation: "Royal Residents") – appointed directly by the King – instead of theprefects. Mureș County became part ofȚinutul Mureș.
In 1940, the county was transferred back to Hungary with the rest ofNorthern Transylvania under theSecond Vienna Award. Beginning in 1944, Romanian forces with Soviet assistance recaptured the ceded territory and reintegrated it into Romania, re-establishing the county. Romanian jurisdiction over the entire county per the Treaty of Trianon was reaffirmed in theParis Peace Treaties, 1947. The county was disestablishedby the communist government of Romania in 1950, and re-established in 1968 when Romania restored the county administrative system.
According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 289,546, of which 45.8% were Romanians, 42.6% Hungarians, 3.9% Germans, 3.9% Romanies, 3.4% Jews, as well as other minorities. By mother tongue, the county population consisted of 45.9% Hungarian speakers, 45.5% Romanian speakers, 3.9% German speakers, 2.2% Yiddish speakers, and 2.1% Romany speakers.[5] In the religious aspect, the population consisted of 32.4% Greek Catholic, 30.3% Reformed, 14.5% Eastern Orthodox, 12.1% Roman Catholic, 3.9% Lutheran, 3.6% Jewish, 2.6% Unitarian, as well as other minorities.[6]
In 1930, the urban population of the county was 47,807, of which 54.3% were Hungarians, 24.3% Romanians, 13.4% Jews, 6.0% Germans, 1.1% Romanies, as well as other minorities. As a mother tongue in the urban population, Hungarian was spoken by 61.2% of the population, followed by Romanian, spoken by 23.6% of the population as mother tongue, Yiddish (7.4%) and German (6.2%). From the religious point of view, the urban population was made up of 32.6% Reformed, 20.1% Roman Catholic, 14.2% Greek Catholic, 14.2% Jewish, 10% Eastern Orthodox, 5.9% Lutheran, 2.3% Unitarian, as well as other minorities.[6]
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