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Murat Abdulkhakovich Kamaletdinov (18 July 1928 – 1 July 2013) was aBashkirpetroleum geologist.
Born on 18 July 1928 inTomsk, Russia, Kamaletdinov graduated fromKazan State University in 1953. He began his career as a foreman at the geological prospecting expedition office inSterlitamak, a city in theBashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He became the chief of the geological party in 1955 and then the chief geologist for the prospecting office. In 1969, he began working at the Institute of Geology of theRussian Academy of Sciences' Ural Scientific Center, first as a senior researcher and then, starting in 1974, as head of the laboratory oftectonics. From 1976 to 1991, he was the director of the Institute of Geology.
From 1974 to 1997, he conducted lectures atBashkir State University. In the same period, he became an academician at the Academy of Sciences of theRepublic of Bashkortostan, an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, a member of the Tectonic Committee of the USSR, and an honored worker of science and technology of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Kamaletdinov died on 1 July 2013 inUfa, Russia.
In 1954, when Soviet geologists categorically denied the concept ofnappes, Kamaletdinov proved the existence of the large Karatau nappe on the western slope of the SouthernUral Mountains. He went on to discover many other tectonic sheets andallochthonous outcrops in the Southern and Middle Urals that had previously been identified, incorrectly, asanticlinal folds. He also contributed to the discovery of manyoil deposits in the Urals and developed an effective method for finding them.[1]
Kamaletdinov theorized that the horizontal movements oftectonic plates played a key role in the structure and development of theEarth's crust. In 1971, he and R.A. Kamaletdinov discovered that the formation offoredeeps was associated with theisostatic dip edge of thecontinental platform under the weight oforogenic structures. With Yu.V. Kazantsev and T.T. Kazantseva, he analyzed the tectonics of the Urals in comparison with theCrimean Mountains, theCaucasus Mountains, thePamir Mountains, theHimalayas, theAppalachians, theRocky Mountains, and other orogenic zones. The results allowed him to forecast the prospects for oil and gas in undernappe zones.
With D.V. Postnikov, Kamaletdinov studied the foundations of ancient and young platforms: Eastern European, Western European, Siberian, West Siberian, North American, and African. He found that they had similar structures. Extensive data analysis revealed the existence of a genetic connection between allochthons and deposits, with nappes and thrusts creating the conditions necessary for the generation and accumulation of deposits.
These data allowed Kamaletdinov to create a global geological theory that he called nappe-thrust. According to the theory, thrusts are the major structural elements of the stone shell of Earth, and their movements cause major geological processes likeorogeny,folding,sedimentation,magmatism,metamorphism,seismicity, and the formation of mineral resources like oil, gas, metal ores, anddiamonds. This theory allows scientists to explain geological phenomena and processes through cause-and-effect relationships. It was a major scientific achievement of modern Russian geology, as well as the first universal theory on a global scale created by Russian geologists.
In 1986, Kamaletdinov was awarded theOrder of the Red Banner of Labour. He was also an honored worker of science and technology of the Republic of Bashkortostan.[2]
Kamaletdinov authored more than 400 scientific papers,[citation needed] including:
He also worked on the following books:
A film was made in 2011 about Kamaletdinov's life.[4]
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