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Mundang language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mbum language spoken in Chad and Cameroon
Mundang
zah Mundaŋ
Native toChad,Cameroon
Native speakers
(400,000 cited 1982–2019)[1]
Niger–Congo?
Dialects
  • Kabi (Kieziere)
  • Zasing (Torrock-Kaélé, Yasing)
  • Gelama
Language codes
ISO 639-3mua
Glottologmund1325

Mundang is anMbum language of southernChad and northernCameroon, spoken by theMundang people.

The Gelama dialect of Cameroon may be a separate language.

Distribution

[edit]

Mundang, spoken in Cameroon by 44,700 speakers (SIL 1982), is mainly spoken inMayo-Kani department, Far North Region, in the communes of Mindif, Moulvouday, and Kaélé. It is also spoken to a lesser extent in the south ofMayo-Kebi, in the east ofBibemi commune (Bénoué department, Northern Region), towards the Chadian border. Mundang of Lere (in Chad) and Mundang of Cameroon (centered in Lara and Kaélé) are highly similar.[2]

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarLabio-
velar
Glottal
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelessptt͡ʃkk͡pʔ
voicedbdd͡ʒɡɡ͡b
prenasalᵐbⁿdᶮd͡ʒᵑɡᵑᵐɡ͡b
implosiveɓɗ
Fricativevoicelessfsʃh
voicedvzʒ
Nasalvoicedmnŋ
glottalizedˀmˀn
Tapɾ
Laterall
Glidecentraljw
glottalizedʔjʔw
  • /ɓ,ɗ/ may also be heard as laryngealized[ɓ̰,ɗ̰] among speakers.
  • /ʔw/ can also be heard as two laryngealized allophones[ʔv̰,ʔw̰].
  • Sounds/ɓ,k/ may be heard as fricatives[β,ɣ] in intervocalic positions.
  • /h,w/ may be heard as palatal[ç,ɥ] when preceding/i/.
  • /ɾ/ can also range to a retroflex[ɽ] among dialects or a trill[r] when geminated.

Vowels

[edit]
Oral vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closeiəu
Near-closeɪɪːʊʊː
Close-mideo
Open-midɛɛːɔɔː
Opena
  • /ə/ may also range to a close[ɨ].[3][4]
Nasal vowels
FrontCentralBack
Closeĩĩːũː
Near-closeɪ̃ɪ̃ːʊ̃ː
Open-midɛ̃ːɔ̃ː
Openããː

Writing system

[edit]
Mundang alphabet
MajusculesABƁCDƊEƏFGHIJKLMNŊOPRSTUVWYZ
Minusculesabɓcdɗeəfghijklmnŋoprstuvwyz

Nasalization is marked by a tilde: ã, ẽ, ə̃, ĩ, õ

References

[edit]
  1. ^Mundang atEthnologue (26th ed., 2023)Closed access icon
  2. ^Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012).Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM) [Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon]. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol. 1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA.ISBN 9789956796069.
  3. ^Elders, Stefan (2000).Grammaire Mundang. Leiden University.
  4. ^Elders, Stefan (2006).Issues in comparative Kebi-Benue (Adamawa). In Africana Linguistica 12. pp. 37–88.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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